Improvement On Rectification And Regulation Of Power Conditioning Circuit For RF Energy Harvesting

Power management is one of critical issues in most of integrated circuit (IC) applications as it determines the ability of a device to maintain its operating time. Power management system can be divided into two parts, energy harvesting and low dropout (LDO) voltage regulator circuits. Due to the in...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Asli, Astrie Nurasyeila Fifie
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2020
Subjects:	T Technology (General)
Online Access:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25421/1/Improvement%20On%20Rectification%20And%20Regulation%20Of%20Power%20Conditioning%20Circuit%20For%20RF%20Energy%20Harvesting.pdf http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25421/2/Improvement%20On%20Rectification%20And%20Regulation%20Of%20Power%20Conditioning%20Circuit%20For%20RF%20Energy%20Harvesting.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-utem-ep.25421
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
collection	UTeM Repository
language	English English
advisor	Wong, Yan Chiew
topic	T Technology (General) T Technology (General)
spellingShingle	T Technology (General) T Technology (General) Asli, Astrie Nurasyeila Fifie Improvement On Rectification And Regulation Of Power Conditioning Circuit For RF Energy Harvesting
description	Power management is one of critical issues in most of integrated circuit (IC) applications as it determines the ability of a device to maintain its operating time. Power management system can be divided into two parts, energy harvesting and low dropout (LDO) voltage regulator circuits. Due to the increase of radio frequency (RF) sources around the globe, RF energy harvesting system which mainly composes of a rectifier becomes promising solution to power the low-powered electronic devices as it offers low power density and smaller size of energy converter make it easily to be integrated into a chip. The sensitivity, efficiency, and output voltage play an important role in the design of rectifier for energy harvesting. High efficiency conventional rectifiers typically provide either high sensitivity or high output voltage characteristics. Due to the limitation in rectifier architectures and the physical structure of transistor that causing large voltage drop across the rectifier over a wide range of sensitivity and output voltage, improving one of the characteristics trades off the other. The objective of this research is to design a high efficiency rectifier that operates at high sensitivity, targeting urban and rural areas and producing large output voltage that is sufficient to supply low-power electronic devices. The proposed rectifier comprises bulk-to-source BTMOS differential-drive based rectifier to produce a high efficiency RF energy harvesting system. Low-pass upward matching network is applied at the rectifier input to minimize the power loss between antenna and the rectifier hence increasing the sensitivity and output voltage. Dual-oxide-thickness transistors are used in the rectifier circuit to optimize the power efficiency at each of the rectifier’s stage over a wide range of output voltage and sensitivity. The system is designed using 0.18μm Silterra RF in deep n-well process technology and produces 3.997V output at -15dBm sensitivity without the need of complex auxiliary control circuit and DC – DC charge-pump circuit. Meanwhile, technology scaling in modern IC industries causing the ripple noise from power supply become dominant for analogue and RF circuits. RF circuit demands for voltage regulator that has high power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) and low temperature coefficient as this circuit is very sensitive to noise. Small changes in its supply voltage may cause the circuit not functioning properly. Conventional regulators provide high PSRR, but it typically focuses on low frequency application. Due to this reason, LDO with high PSRR at high frequency and low temperature coefficient over a wide range of temperature is proposed. The proposed LDO uses rail-to-rail folded cascode amplifier to achieve high PSRR while obtaining good open-loop gain and stability. Large 1μF off-chip load capacitor is used to further increase the PSRR. The LDO uses transistors operating in weak and strong inversions at the voltage reference circuit to achieve 2nd order voltage-temperature characteristic hence reducing the temperature coefficient. The LDO is designed using 0.18μm Silterra thick-oxide technology and produces a constant 1.8V output voltage for input voltage between 3.2V to 5V and load current up to a 128mA at temperature between -40°C to 125°C. The LDO achieves more than 100dB PSRR for frequency greater than 900MHz and obtained temperature coefficient of lower than 5ppm/°C within the desired temperature range.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.)
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Asli, Astrie Nurasyeila Fifie
author_facet	Asli, Astrie Nurasyeila Fifie
author_sort	Asli, Astrie Nurasyeila Fifie
title	Improvement On Rectification And Regulation Of Power Conditioning Circuit For RF Energy Harvesting
title_short	Improvement On Rectification And Regulation Of Power Conditioning Circuit For RF Energy Harvesting
title_full	Improvement On Rectification And Regulation Of Power Conditioning Circuit For RF Energy Harvesting
title_fullStr	Improvement On Rectification And Regulation Of Power Conditioning Circuit For RF Energy Harvesting
title_full_unstemmed	Improvement On Rectification And Regulation Of Power Conditioning Circuit For RF Energy Harvesting
title_sort	improvement on rectification and regulation of power conditioning circuit for rf energy harvesting
granting_institution	Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
granting_department	Faculty of Electronics and Computer Engineering
publishDate	2020
url	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25421/1/Improvement%20On%20Rectification%20And%20Regulation%20Of%20Power%20Conditioning%20Circuit%20For%20RF%20Energy%20Harvesting.pdf http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25421/2/Improvement%20On%20Rectification%20And%20Regulation%20Of%20Power%20Conditioning%20Circuit%20For%20RF%20Energy%20Harvesting.pdf
_version_	1747834124422348800
spelling	my-utem-ep.254212021-12-12T22:57:12Z Improvement On Rectification And Regulation Of Power Conditioning Circuit For RF Energy Harvesting 2020 Asli, Astrie Nurasyeila Fifie T Technology (General) TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering Power management is one of critical issues in most of integrated circuit (IC) applications as it determines the ability of a device to maintain its operating time. Power management system can be divided into two parts, energy harvesting and low dropout (LDO) voltage regulator circuits. Due to the increase of radio frequency (RF) sources around the globe, RF energy harvesting system which mainly composes of a rectifier becomes promising solution to power the low-powered electronic devices as it offers low power density and smaller size of energy converter make it easily to be integrated into a chip. The sensitivity, efficiency, and output voltage play an important role in the design of rectifier for energy harvesting. High efficiency conventional rectifiers typically provide either high sensitivity or high output voltage characteristics. Due to the limitation in rectifier architectures and the physical structure of transistor that causing large voltage drop across the rectifier over a wide range of sensitivity and output voltage, improving one of the characteristics trades off the other. The objective of this research is to design a high efficiency rectifier that operates at high sensitivity, targeting urban and rural areas and producing large output voltage that is sufficient to supply low-power electronic devices. The proposed rectifier comprises bulk-to-source BTMOS differential-drive based rectifier to produce a high efficiency RF energy harvesting system. Low-pass upward matching network is applied at the rectifier input to minimize the power loss between antenna and the rectifier hence increasing the sensitivity and output voltage. Dual-oxide-thickness transistors are used in the rectifier circuit to optimize the power efficiency at each of the rectifier’s stage over a wide range of output voltage and sensitivity. The system is designed using 0.18μm Silterra RF in deep n-well process technology and produces 3.997V output at -15dBm sensitivity without the need of complex auxiliary control circuit and DC – DC charge-pump circuit. Meanwhile, technology scaling in modern IC industries causing the ripple noise from power supply become dominant for analogue and RF circuits. RF circuit demands for voltage regulator that has high power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) and low temperature coefficient as this circuit is very sensitive to noise. Small changes in its supply voltage may cause the circuit not functioning properly. Conventional regulators provide high PSRR, but it typically focuses on low frequency application. Due to this reason, LDO with high PSRR at high frequency and low temperature coefficient over a wide range of temperature is proposed. The proposed LDO uses rail-to-rail folded cascode amplifier to achieve high PSRR while obtaining good open-loop gain and stability. Large 1μF off-chip load capacitor is used to further increase the PSRR. The LDO uses transistors operating in weak and strong inversions at the voltage reference circuit to achieve 2nd order voltage-temperature characteristic hence reducing the temperature coefficient. The LDO is designed using 0.18μm Silterra thick-oxide technology and produces a constant 1.8V output voltage for input voltage between 3.2V to 5V and load current up to a 128mA at temperature between -40°C to 125°C. The LDO achieves more than 100dB PSRR for frequency greater than 900MHz and obtained temperature coefficient of lower than 5ppm/°C within the desired temperature range. 2020 Thesis http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25421/ http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25421/1/Improvement%20On%20Rectification%20And%20Regulation%20Of%20Power%20Conditioning%20Circuit%20For%20RF%20Energy%20Harvesting.pdf text en public http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/25421/2/Improvement%20On%20Rectification%20And%20Regulation%20Of%20Power%20Conditioning%20Circuit%20For%20RF%20Energy%20Harvesting.pdf text en validuser https://plh.utem.edu.my/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=119751 mphil masters Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Faculty of Electronics and Computer Engineering Wong, Yan Chiew 1. Ahmed, N., and Chhabda, Y., 2014. Design of a Low Drop-Out Voltage Regulator using VLSI, International Journal of Industrial Electronics and Electrical Engineering, 2(1), pp. 62–66. 2. Ahmed, S., Baokar, I., and Sakthivel, R., 2017. Design of a Capacitor-less Low Dropout Voltage Regulator, International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT), 45(10), pp. 493–497. 3. Alhassan, N., 2016. Low Power, High PSR CMOS Voltage Reference. MSc. Thesis, Texas A&M University, Texas. 4. Alhawari, M., Mohammad, B., Saleh, H., and Ismail, M., 2013. A Survey of Thermal Energy Harvesting Techniques and Interface Circuitry, in 2013 IEEE 20th International Conference of Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS), pp. 381–384. 5. Assaderaghi, F., Sinitsky, D., Parke, S.A., Bokor, J., Ko, P.K., and Hu, C., 1997. Dynamic Threshold-Voltage MOSFET (DTMOS) for Ultra-Low Voltage VLSI, in IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, pp. 414–422. 6. Cabral, D.S., Moreno, R.L., Pimenta, T.C., Zoccal, L.B., and Crepaldi, P.C., 2012. Implementation of Schottky Barrier Diodes (SBD) in Standard CMOS Process for Biomedical Applications, in Hudak, R., Penhaker, M., and Majernik, J. (eds) Biomedical Engineering - Technical Applications in Medicine. InTech, pp. 139–156. 7. Cansiz, M., Altinel, D., and Karabulut, G., 2019. Efficiency in RF Energy Harvesting Systems: A Comprehensive Review, Energy. Elsevier Ltd, 174(March), pp. 292–309. 8. Čermák, M., 2016. Design of Low-Dropout Voltage Regulator. MSc. Thesis, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague. 9. Cha, H., Park, W., and Je, M., 2012. A CMOS Rectifier with a Cross-Coupled Latched Comparator for Wireless Power Transfer in Biomedical Applications, IEEE Transactions on Circuit and Systems, 59(7), pp. 409–413. 10. Chen, J., and Liou, J.J., 2004. On-Chip Spiral Inductors for RF Applications: An Overview, Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science, 4(3), pp. 149–167. 11. Chouhan, S.S., 2015. CMOS Integrated Circuits for RF-Powered Wireless Temperature Sensor. PhD Dissertation, Aalto University, Espoo. 12. Chouhan, S.S., and Halonen, K., 2013. A Modified Cross Coupled Rectifier Based Charge Pump for Energy Harvesting using RF to DC Conversion, in Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD), 2013 European Conference on IEEE 2013, pp. 1–4. 13. Colombo, D.M., 2009. Bandgap Voltage References in Submicrometer CMOS technology. MSc. Thesis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre. 14. De Gannes, K.G.A., 2014. Design of Analog CMOS Circuits for Batteryless Implantable Telemetry Systems. MSc. Thesis, The University of Western Ontario, Ontario. 15. Dye, N., and Granberg, H., 2001. RF Transistor Fundamentals, in Radio Frequency Transistors: Principles and Practical Applications. 2nd edn. Elsevier, pp. 31–41. 16. Falin, J., 2002. ESR, Stability, and the LDO Regulator, Texas Instruments. 17. Gil, J., and Shin, H., 2003. A Simple Wide-Band On-Chip Inductor Model for Silicon-Based RF ICs, in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, pp. 2023–2028. 18. Gomez, R., 2019. Design of Two-Stage Operational Amplifier using Indirect Feedback Frequency Compensation. Undergraduate Honors Thesis, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. 19. Goyal, M., and Saproo, D., 2013. Impact of Tantalum Capacitor on Performance of Low Drop-Out Voltage Regulator, International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, 1(9), pp. 2019–2024. 20. Hande, V., and Baghini, M.S., 2015. An Inherent Curvature-Compensated Voltage Reference using Non-Linearity of Gate, Journal of Semiconductors, 36(8), pp. 1–11. 21. Jainapur, P., and Sharma, C., 2013. Modeling and Design of a CMOS Low Drop-Out (LDO) Voltage Regulator, International Journal of VLSI and Embedded Systems, 4(6), pp. 468–474. 22. Karolak, D., Taris, T., Deval, Y., and Mariano, A., 2013. Bulk Biased RF Energy Harvesting Dedicated to 900MHz / 2.4GHz ISM Bands, in Workshop on Circuits and Systems Design (WCAS), 2013 3rd Symposium, pp. 173–179. 23. Ker, M.D., Lin, C.Y., and Hsiao, Y.W., 2011. Overview on ESD Protection Designs of Low-Parasitic Capacitance for RF ICs in CMOS Technologies, in IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability, pp. 207–218. 24. Khalifa, A.A., 2010. Study of CMOS Rectifiers for Wireless Energy Scavenging. MSc. Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping. 25. Kim, J., Jung, E., Go, G., Park, W., and Cho, S., 2013. Design of Low-Voltage CMOS Bandgap Voltage Reference, in Recent Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering 2013, pp. 182–185. 26. Kotani, K., and Ito, T., 2009. Self-Vth-Cancellation High-Efficiency CMOS Rectifier Circuit for UHF RFIDs, in The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, pp. 153–160. 27. Lakshmi, R.S., 2015. RF Energy Harvesting for Wireless Devices, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 11(4), pp. 39–52. 28. Lam, S., 2013. Impact of Parasitic Elements on RF Performance of Nanometre-Scale MOSFET Structures, in 2013 IEEE International Conference of Electron Devices and Solid-state Circuits, pp. 6–8. 29. Lee, B.S., 1999. Application Report Understanding the Terms and Definitions of LDO Voltage Regulators, Texas Instruments. 30. Lee, E.H., Perez, V.B., Cayanes, M.L., and Salaber, M.G., 2005. CMOS Transistor Layout KungFu, www.eda-utilities.com. 31. Lee, M., Hsieh, M., and Hu, C., 2012. Implementation and Design of High PSRR Low Dropout Regulator, in 2012 International Conference on Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development. 32. Li, Q., Wang, J., Niu, D., and Inoue, Y., 2014. A Two-Stage CMOS Integrated Highly Efficient Rectifier for Vibration Energy Harvesting Applications, Journal of International Council on Electrical Engineering, 4(4), pp. 336–340. 33. Liou, J.J., and Schwierz, F., 2004. Evolution and Recent Advances in RF/Microwave Transistors, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 4, pp. 99–105. 34. Louzada, J.R. C., Zoccal, L.B., Moreno, R.L., and Pimenta, T.C., 2017. A High Efficiency 0.13μm CMOS Full Wave Active Rectifier with Comparators for Implanted Medical Devices Active Rectifier, Advances in Science, Technology and Engneering Engineering System Journal, 2(3), pp. 1019–1025. 35. Luo, H. Han, Y., Cheung, R.C., Liang, G., and Zhu, D., 2012. Subthreshold CMOS Voltage Reference Circuit with Body Bias Compensation for Process Variation, in IET Circuits, Devices and System, pp. 198–203. 36. Maadi, M., 2014. A Linear CMOS Low Drop-Out Voltage Regulator in a 0.6μm CMOS Technology, International Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, 3(3), pp. 191–196. 37. Mahalingam, S.A.P., Mamun, Md., Rahman, L.F., and Wan Zaki, W.M.D., 2012. Design and Analysis of a Two Stage Operational Amplifier for High Gain and High Bandwidth, Australian Journal o Basic and Applied Science, 6(7), pp. 247–254. 38. Mahmoud, M., Abdel-Rahman, A., Abbas, M., Ilham, A., Jia, H., and Pokharel, R.K., 2016. Efficiency Improvement of Differential Drive Rectifier for Wireless Power Transfer Applications, in 7th International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation, ISMS, pp. 435–439. 39. Mazzilli, F., Thoppay, P.E., Jöhl, N., and Dehollain, C., 2010. Design Methodology and Comparison of Rectifiers for UHF-band RFIDs, in IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium, pp. 505–508. 40. Mishra, A.K., and Pandey, R., 2013. A New CMOS Low Drop-Out Regulator with Improved PSRR, Advance in Electronic and Electric Engineering, 3(8), pp. 951–958. 41. Moghaddam, A.K., Chuah, J.H., Ramiah, H., Ahmadian, J., Mak, P.I., and Martins, R.P., 2017. A 73.9% Efficiency CMOS Rectifier using a Lower DC Feeding ( LDCF ) Self-Body-Biasing Technique, in IEEE Transaction on Circuits and Systems, pp. 992–1002. 42. Mohammadi, A., Redoute, J., and Yuce, M.R., 2015. Low-Threshold CMOS Rectifier Design for Energy Harvesting in Biomedical Sensors, in BodyNets '15 Proceedings of the 10th EAI International Conference on Body Area Networks, pp. 261–264. 43. Mohan, S.S., 1999 The Design, Modelling and Optimization of On-Chip Inductor and Transformer Circuits. PhD Dissertation, Stanford University, Stanford. 44. Mustafa, N., Amin, M.S., Mamun, I.R., Hashim, F.H., and Kamal, N., 2015. Evolution of Low Drop Out Voltage Regulator in CMOS Technologies, Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, 1(12), pp. 28–35. 45. Niranjan, V., Singh, A., and Kumar, A., 2014. Dynamic Threshold MOS Transistor for Low Voltage Analog Circuits, International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), pp. 26–31. 46. Oh, S., and Wentzloff, D.D., 2012 A -32 dBm sensitivity RF Power Harvester in 130 nm CMOS, in IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC), pp. 483–486. 47. Pandiev, I., 2015. Design and Stability Analysis of CFOA-Based Amplifier Circuits using Bode criterion, Systems Science & Control Engineering:, 3(1), pp. 367–380. 48. Pirouznia, P., and Ganji, B.A., 2014. Analytical Optimization of High Performance and High Quality Factor MEMS Spiral Inductor, Progress in Electromagnetics Research M (PIERM), 34(February), pp. 171–179. 49. Pournima, P.R., 2014. Design of Rail-to-Rail Op-Amp in 90nm Technology, International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering, 1(2), pp. 38–44. 50. Prauzek, M., Konecny, J., Borova, M., Janosova, K., Hlavica, J., and Musilek, P., 2018. Energy Harvesting Sources, Storage Devices and System Topologies for Environmental Wireless Sensor Networks : A Review, Sensors, 18(2446), pp. 1–22. 51. Ramakrishna, R.M., 2014. Design Techniques For Ultra-Low Noise And Low Power Low Dropout (LDO) Regulators. MSc. Thesis, Arizona State University, Arizona. 52. Rincon-Mora, G.A., 1996. Study and Design of Low Drop-Out Regulators. Ph.D Dissertation, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta. 53. Rincón, F.Z., 2016. Study of the MOS Transistor for Applications in RF Circuits. DSc. Dissertation, National Institute for Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics, Tonantzintla. 54. Saifullah, Z.M., 2015. Charge Pump NMOS LDO Using Split-Transistor Compensation. MSc. Thesis, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces. 55. Sampe, J., Afidatul, N., Zulkifli, F.F., Islam, M.S., 2017. Hybrid Energy Harvester Based on Radio Frequency, Thermal, and Vibration Inputs for Biomedical Devices, Asian Journal of Scientific Research, 10(2), pp. 79-87. 56. Shao, Y., and He, L., 2010. A 300mA 0.18μm CMOS Low-Dropout Regulator with High Power-Supply Rejection, in Proceedings of the International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists 2010. 57. Shokrani, M.R., Khoddam, M., Hamidon, M.N., Kamsani, N.A., Rokhani, F.Z., and Shafie, S., 2014. An RF Energy Harvester System using UHF Micropower CMOS Rectifier Based on a Diode Connected CMOS Transistor, The Scientific World Journal, 2014, pp. 1–11. 58. Sidhu, R.K., Ubhi, J.S., and Aggarwal, A., 2019. A Survey Study of Different RF Energy Sources for RF Energy Harvesting, in 2019 International Conference on Automation, Computational and Technology Management (ICACTM), pp. 530–533. 59. Singh, R., Singhal, S., and Singh, A.K., 2014. Design and Optimization of a Low Power Voltage Reference Generator Circuit in 45nm CMOS Technology, International Journal of Innovative Research and Development (IJIRD), 3(1), pp. 298–304. 60. Teel, J.C., 2005. Understanding Power Supply Ripple Rejection in Linear Regulators, Texas Instruments Incorporated. 61. Tiikkainen, M., 2014. LDO Voltage Regulator for On-Chip Power Management. MSc. Thesis, University of Oulu, Oulu. 62. Tran, L.G., Cha, H.K., and Park, W.T., 2017. RF Power Harvesting : A Review on Designing Methodologies and Applications, Micro and Nano Systems Letters. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 5(14), pp. 1–16. 63. Vijh, A., and Sinha, S.R.P., 2018. Design of a CMOS Bandgap Voltage Reference Circuit with High PSRR and Low Temperature Coefficient using 180nm Technology, Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), 5(11), pp. 261–270. 64. Wadhera, S., 2016. Design of Low Drop-out Voltage Regulator with Improved PSRR and Low Quiescent Current. M. Tech. Thesis, Thapar University, Patiala. 65. Wang, J., Gao, Q., Yu, Y., Wang, H., and Jin, M., 2012. Radio-Triggered Power Management in Wireless Sensor Networks, in Matin, M. A. (ed.) Wireless Sensor Networks - Technology and Applications. Intech, pp. 51–68. 66. Wang, W.S., Huang, H.Y., Chen, S.C., Ho, K.C., Lin, C.Y., Chou, T.C., Hu, C.H., Wang, W.F., Wu, C.F., and Luo, C.H., 2011. Real-Time Telemetry System for Amperometric and Potentiometric Electrochemical Sensors, Sensors, 11(9), pp. 8593–8610. 67. Wang, Y., Peng, X., Hou, L., and Geng, S., 2016. High-Efficiency Rectifier for Passive RF Energy Harvesting Devices, in 2016 International Conference on Engineering and Advance Technology (ICEAT-16), pp. 364–369. 68. Wong, Y.C., Arslan, T., Erdogan, A.T., Haridas, N., and El-Rayis, A.O., 2012. Speedy Derivative-Corrective Mass Spring Algorithm for Adaptive Impedance Matching Networks, Electronics Letters, 48(11), pp. 653–655. 69. Wong, Y.C., Tan, P.C., Ibrahim, M.M., Syafeeza, A.R., Hamid, N.A., 2016. Dickson Charge Pump Rectifier using Ultra-Low Power ( ULP ) Diode for BAN Applications, Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering, 8(9), pp. 77–82. 70. Xu, H., 2007. Thick-Gate-Oxide MOS Structures with Sub-Design-Rule Channel Lengths for Digital and Radio Frequency Circuit Applications. Ph.D Dissertation, University of Florida, Gainesville. 71. Xu, H., Huang, J., Deng, W., Yuand, F., and Ma, X., 2016. A Novel High-Precision Curvature-Compensated CMOS Bandgap Reference without using an Op-Amp, International Journal of Research in Engineering and Science (IJRES), 4(1), pp. 26–31. 72. Yue, C.P., and Wong, S.S., 1999. Design Strategy of On-Chip Inductors for Highly Integrated RF Systems, in Proceedings 1999 Design Automation Conference, pp. 982–987.

Improvement On Rectification And Regulation Of Power Conditioning Circuit For RF Energy Harvesting

Similar Items