Physical and mechanical properties of non-treated and NaOH-treated recycled polypropylene filled dried banana leaves composites

Disposal of after-used plastic-based products has created worldwide problems on environmental pollution. This scenario has initiated the efforts to develop eco-friendly bio-composites products from the plastic wastes. In this research, recycled waste polypropylene (r-PP) was loaded with dried banana...

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Main Author:	Narayanan, Thinakaran
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2021
Subjects:	T Technology (General) TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/26048/1/Physical%20and%20mechanical%20properties%20of%20non-treated%20and%20NaOH-treated%20recycled%20polypropylene%20filled%20dried%20banana%20leaves%20composites.pdf http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/26048/2/Physical%20and%20mechanical%20properties%20of%20non-treated%20and%20NaOH-treated%20recycled%20polypropylene%20filled%20dried%20banana%20leaves%20composites.pdf
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id	my-utem-ep.26048
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
collection	UTeM Repository
language	English English
advisor	Abd Razak, Jeefferie
topic	T Technology (General) TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	T Technology (General) TP Chemical technology Narayanan, Thinakaran Physical and mechanical properties of non-treated and NaOH-treated recycled polypropylene filled dried banana leaves composites
description	Disposal of after-used plastic-based products has created worldwide problems on environmental pollution. This scenario has initiated the efforts to develop eco-friendly bio-composites products from the plastic wastes. In this research, recycled waste polypropylene (r-PP) was loaded with dried banana leaves (DBL) fibre, for r-PP/DBL green composites fabrication. The effects of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment on DBL, effects of DBL fibre size and the effects of DBL fibre loading were studied based on the resulted mechanical, physical, thermal and their fracture morphological properties of produced r-PP/DBL composites. Due to the flexibility of plastic characteristic, the utilization of petroleum-based non-biodegradable plastic is turn out to be endless. This scenario has cultivated the important of post-production on waste plastic, combined with natural fibres, which are abundantly available and feasibly being consumed as a secondary phase of the polymer matrix composites (PMC). Dried banana leaves fibre has been utilized as a secondary phase for r-PP matrix. The r-PP was taken from an injection moulding post-operation and later was ground into fine particles by using an industrial crusher, while DBL is collected from the IKTBN Sepang reserved area and was ground into 10 μm and 30 μm of DBL fibre filler sizes. The particle size for DBL fibre has successfully confirmed by the characterization of Particle Size Analyser (PSA) and the DBL filler treatment was performed with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 80°C for 30 minutes of immersion period. The characterization for surface treatment on fibre has been confirmed via Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Both r-PP matrix and DBL filler are blended with a melting device at the temperature of between 165°C to 185°C. The specimen for testing and analysis produced via an injection moulding process. For mechanical testing, that consists of the tensile, flexural and impact test as well as fractured surfaces morphological scanning, it was found that the treated DBL with 10 μm of DBL fibre size have increased tremendously the mechanical properties recorded at 45.2 MPa as compared than unfilled r-PP logged at 16.8 MPa. It was also proven by the thermal testing, that the treated and 10 μm of DBL fibre and 30 wt.% of DBL loading logged maximum at 178.29°C as compared than plain r-PP recorded at 160.25°C, has improved the thermal stability of this r-PP/DBL green composites. While stability in water absorption was also achieved by r-PP/DBL sample of this formulation. In overall, r-PP/DBL based composites have provided an absolute significant improvement as compared than the unfilled r-PP, which has dominated the best performances for almost of the entire performed tests. These findings underlined the potential of r-PP/DBL composite over the other leaf types fibre fillers, to establish improved filler-matrix interaction in composite, due to their better adhesion between the matrix and filler phases, which are beneficial for packaging application. In overall, r-PP/DBL green composite that was prepared through the blending process was able to offer remarkable mechanical and thermal characteristic effects between both matrix and filler.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.)
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Narayanan, Thinakaran
author_facet	Narayanan, Thinakaran
author_sort	Narayanan, Thinakaran
title	Physical and mechanical properties of non-treated and NaOH-treated recycled polypropylene filled dried banana leaves composites
title_short	Physical and mechanical properties of non-treated and NaOH-treated recycled polypropylene filled dried banana leaves composites
title_full	Physical and mechanical properties of non-treated and NaOH-treated recycled polypropylene filled dried banana leaves composites
title_fullStr	Physical and mechanical properties of non-treated and NaOH-treated recycled polypropylene filled dried banana leaves composites
title_full_unstemmed	Physical and mechanical properties of non-treated and NaOH-treated recycled polypropylene filled dried banana leaves composites
title_sort	physical and mechanical properties of non-treated and naoh-treated recycled polypropylene filled dried banana leaves composites
granting_institution	Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
granting_department	Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering
publishDate	2021
url	http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/26048/1/Physical%20and%20mechanical%20properties%20of%20non-treated%20and%20NaOH-treated%20recycled%20polypropylene%20filled%20dried%20banana%20leaves%20composites.pdf http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/26048/2/Physical%20and%20mechanical%20properties%20of%20non-treated%20and%20NaOH-treated%20recycled%20polypropylene%20filled%20dried%20banana%20leaves%20composites.pdf
_version_	1776103129604947968
spelling	my-utem-ep.260482022-10-03T11:26:30Z Physical and mechanical properties of non-treated and NaOH-treated recycled polypropylene filled dried banana leaves composites 2021 Narayanan, Thinakaran T Technology (General) TP Chemical technology Disposal of after-used plastic-based products has created worldwide problems on environmental pollution. This scenario has initiated the efforts to develop eco-friendly bio-composites products from the plastic wastes. In this research, recycled waste polypropylene (r-PP) was loaded with dried banana leaves (DBL) fibre, for r-PP/DBL green composites fabrication. The effects of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment on DBL, effects of DBL fibre size and the effects of DBL fibre loading were studied based on the resulted mechanical, physical, thermal and their fracture morphological properties of produced r-PP/DBL composites. Due to the flexibility of plastic characteristic, the utilization of petroleum-based non-biodegradable plastic is turn out to be endless. This scenario has cultivated the important of post-production on waste plastic, combined with natural fibres, which are abundantly available and feasibly being consumed as a secondary phase of the polymer matrix composites (PMC). Dried banana leaves fibre has been utilized as a secondary phase for r-PP matrix. The r-PP was taken from an injection moulding post-operation and later was ground into fine particles by using an industrial crusher, while DBL is collected from the IKTBN Sepang reserved area and was ground into 10 μm and 30 μm of DBL fibre filler sizes. The particle size for DBL fibre has successfully confirmed by the characterization of Particle Size Analyser (PSA) and the DBL filler treatment was performed with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 80°C for 30 minutes of immersion period. The characterization for surface treatment on fibre has been confirmed via Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Both r-PP matrix and DBL filler are blended with a melting device at the temperature of between 165°C to 185°C. The specimen for testing and analysis produced via an injection moulding process. For mechanical testing, that consists of the tensile, flexural and impact test as well as fractured surfaces morphological scanning, it was found that the treated DBL with 10 μm of DBL fibre size have increased tremendously the mechanical properties recorded at 45.2 MPa as compared than unfilled r-PP logged at 16.8 MPa. It was also proven by the thermal testing, that the treated and 10 μm of DBL fibre and 30 wt.% of DBL loading logged maximum at 178.29°C as compared than plain r-PP recorded at 160.25°C, has improved the thermal stability of this r-PP/DBL green composites. While stability in water absorption was also achieved by r-PP/DBL sample of this formulation. In overall, r-PP/DBL based composites have provided an absolute significant improvement as compared than the unfilled r-PP, which has dominated the best performances for almost of the entire performed tests. These findings underlined the potential of r-PP/DBL composite over the other leaf types fibre fillers, to establish improved filler-matrix interaction in composite, due to their better adhesion between the matrix and filler phases, which are beneficial for packaging application. In overall, r-PP/DBL green composite that was prepared through the blending process was able to offer remarkable mechanical and thermal characteristic effects between both matrix and filler. 2021 Thesis http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/26048/ http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/26048/1/Physical%20and%20mechanical%20properties%20of%20non-treated%20and%20NaOH-treated%20recycled%20polypropylene%20filled%20dried%20banana%20leaves%20composites.pdf text en public http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/26048/2/Physical%20and%20mechanical%20properties%20of%20non-treated%20and%20NaOH-treated%20recycled%20polypropylene%20filled%20dried%20banana%20leaves%20composites.pdf text en validuser https://plh.utem.edu.my/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=121233 mphil masters Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering Abd Razak, Jeefferie

Physical and mechanical properties of non-treated and NaOH-treated recycled polypropylene filled dried banana leaves composites

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