Oil palm residue biodelignification by bacillus cereus ligninase from coptotermus curvignathus gut for handsheet production

Conventional methods used to delignify lignin using mechanical and chemical process consumed high energy and environmentally unfriendly. Meanwhile, the demand for paper substantially increased with declined wood fibres. In this study, Bacillus cereus isolated from termite species Coptotermes curvign...

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Main Author:	S, Sharfina Mutia Syarifah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English English
Published:	2020
Subjects:	QP501-801 Animal biochemistry
Online Access:	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1071/1/24p%20SHARFINA%20MUTIA%20SYARIFAH.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1071/2/SHARFINA%20MUTIA%20SYARIFAH%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1071/3/SHARFINA%20MUTIA%20SYARIFAH%20WATERMARK.pdf
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spelling	my-uthm-ep.10712021-09-21T05:04:48Z Oil palm residue biodelignification by bacillus cereus ligninase from coptotermus curvignathus gut for handsheet production 2020-11 S, Sharfina Mutia Syarifah QP501-801 Animal biochemistry Conventional methods used to delignify lignin using mechanical and chemical process consumed high energy and environmentally unfriendly. Meanwhile, the demand for paper substantially increased with declined wood fibres. In this study, Bacillus cereus isolated from termite species Coptotermes curvignathus gut’s bacteria was tested for biodelignification capability on palm oil biomasses: oil palm leaves (OPL), oil palm trunk (OPT) and empty fruit bunch (EFB). The biopulp was produced under submerged fermentation (SmF) using Luria Bertani (LB) broth at pH 6.5, 120 rpm and 37 °C for 7 days. The enzyme expression was partially characterized and protein sequenced. There were 11 enzymes responsible for lignin degradation such as 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (GABA), serine hydrolase, amidohydrolase, chemotaxis protein, GMC family protein, glycosyltransferase, heme peroxidase, phosphate binding protein PstS, ABC transporter ATP-binding protein, nitrate reductase, and nitrite reductase. The delignification ability was tested on its chemical composition. Methods used followed technical association pulp and paper industry TAPPI T 222 om-02 (lignin content), Kurscher-Hoffner (holocellulose and hemicellulose content) and Chlorite (cellulose content). The highest lignin reduction was 21.7% for treated EFB followed by OPT (7.0%) and OPL (9.2%). EFB showed highest reduction (76.9%) for scanning electron microscope (SEM) and imageJ analysis and lowest gap average area (0.03 mm2) compared with untreated OPL which were 26.3% and 1.63 mm2, respectively. The treated biopulps were ground using refiner mechanical pulping (RMP) and proceeded handsheet making according to technical association pulp and paper industry (TAPPI) standard methods. Treated EFB performed best in mechanical properties with higher tensile index (7.15 Nm/g), tearing index (1.69 mN.m2/g) and bursting index (0.35 kPa.m2/g) which supports paper strength with fixed grammage and thickness value. This concludes that Bacillus cereus delignification on EFB sample is the finest pair for handsheet production. This research proposed an alternative biopulping process on oil palm residues handsheets. 2020-11 Thesis http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1071/ http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1071/1/24p%20SHARFINA%20MUTIA%20SYARIFAH.pdf text en public http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1071/2/SHARFINA%20MUTIA%20SYARIFAH%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf text en staffonly http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1071/3/SHARFINA%20MUTIA%20SYARIFAH%20WATERMARK.pdf text en validuser mphil masters Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Technology
institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
collection	UTHM Institutional Repository
language	English English English
topic	QP501-801 Animal biochemistry
spellingShingle	QP501-801 Animal biochemistry S, Sharfina Mutia Syarifah Oil palm residue biodelignification by bacillus cereus ligninase from coptotermus curvignathus gut for handsheet production
description	Conventional methods used to delignify lignin using mechanical and chemical process consumed high energy and environmentally unfriendly. Meanwhile, the demand for paper substantially increased with declined wood fibres. In this study, Bacillus cereus isolated from termite species Coptotermes curvignathus gut’s bacteria was tested for biodelignification capability on palm oil biomasses: oil palm leaves (OPL), oil palm trunk (OPT) and empty fruit bunch (EFB). The biopulp was produced under submerged fermentation (SmF) using Luria Bertani (LB) broth at pH 6.5, 120 rpm and 37 °C for 7 days. The enzyme expression was partially characterized and protein sequenced. There were 11 enzymes responsible for lignin degradation such as 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase (GABA), serine hydrolase, amidohydrolase, chemotaxis protein, GMC family protein, glycosyltransferase, heme peroxidase, phosphate binding protein PstS, ABC transporter ATP-binding protein, nitrate reductase, and nitrite reductase. The delignification ability was tested on its chemical composition. Methods used followed technical association pulp and paper industry TAPPI T 222 om-02 (lignin content), Kurscher-Hoffner (holocellulose and hemicellulose content) and Chlorite (cellulose content). The highest lignin reduction was 21.7% for treated EFB followed by OPT (7.0%) and OPL (9.2%). EFB showed highest reduction (76.9%) for scanning electron microscope (SEM) and imageJ analysis and lowest gap average area (0.03 mm2) compared with untreated OPL which were 26.3% and 1.63 mm2, respectively. The treated biopulps were ground using refiner mechanical pulping (RMP) and proceeded handsheet making according to technical association pulp and paper industry (TAPPI) standard methods. Treated EFB performed best in mechanical properties with higher tensile index (7.15 Nm/g), tearing index (1.69 mN.m2/g) and bursting index (0.35 kPa.m2/g) which supports paper strength with fixed grammage and thickness value. This concludes that Bacillus cereus delignification on EFB sample is the finest pair for handsheet production. This research proposed an alternative biopulping process on oil palm residues handsheets.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.)
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	S, Sharfina Mutia Syarifah
author_facet	S, Sharfina Mutia Syarifah
author_sort	S, Sharfina Mutia Syarifah
title	Oil palm residue biodelignification by bacillus cereus ligninase from coptotermus curvignathus gut for handsheet production
title_short	Oil palm residue biodelignification by bacillus cereus ligninase from coptotermus curvignathus gut for handsheet production
title_full	Oil palm residue biodelignification by bacillus cereus ligninase from coptotermus curvignathus gut for handsheet production
title_fullStr	Oil palm residue biodelignification by bacillus cereus ligninase from coptotermus curvignathus gut for handsheet production
title_full_unstemmed	Oil palm residue biodelignification by bacillus cereus ligninase from coptotermus curvignathus gut for handsheet production
title_sort	oil palm residue biodelignification by bacillus cereus ligninase from coptotermus curvignathus gut for handsheet production
granting_institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Engineering Technology
publishDate	2020
url	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1071/1/24p%20SHARFINA%20MUTIA%20SYARIFAH.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1071/2/SHARFINA%20MUTIA%20SYARIFAH%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1071/3/SHARFINA%20MUTIA%20SYARIFAH%20WATERMARK.pdf
_version_	1747830733410402304

Oil palm residue biodelignification by bacillus cereus ligninase from coptotermus curvignathus gut for handsheet production

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