Green magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer for selective removal of parabens from cosmetic samples
Parabens are chemicals that are frequently utilized as preservatives in cosmetic samples. In recent years, the safety concern over these compounds has grown due to their endocrine-disrupting activity. In this research, a green magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (GMMIP) was synthesized and applie...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English English |
| Published: |
2023
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/10991/1/24p%20NURSYAHERA%20AZREEN%20RAMIN.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/10991/2/NURSYAHERA%20AZREEN%20RAMIN%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/10991/3/NURSYAHERA%20AZREEN%20RAMIN%20WATERMARK.pdf |
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| Summary: | Parabens are chemicals that are frequently utilized as preservatives in cosmetic samples. In recent years, the safety concern over these compounds has grown due to their endocrine-disrupting activity. In this research, a green magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (GMMIP) was synthesized and applied as an adsorbent to selectively recognize and remove parabens from cosmetic samples by using propylparaben as a template. The green strategies of GMMIP were introduced by the utilization of Kesum leaves extract as a reducing agent in the synthesis of green magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) as a magnetic core and by designing deep eutectic solvent (DES) as an environmentally friendly functional monomer in the preparation of the GMMIP. As a reference, a green magnetic non-imprinted polymer (GMNIP) was also synthesized without propylparaben. This study was focused on the characterization, adsorption, and application of GMMIP. The obtained GMMIP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The characterization results proved that the GMMIP exhibited an irregular spherical shape, mesoporous characteristics with a pore size of 17.74 nm, and magnetic characteristics. The selective adsorption experiments indicated that GMMIP showed significant selectivity for propylparaben than methylparaben and ethylparaben. The GMMIP exhibited the highest adsorption capacity (2.7608 mg/g) and a good imprinting factor (2.63) on propylparaben than GMNIP. The adsorption processes appeared to best fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm models at an optimum pH of 12. The thermodynamic results also indicated that the adsorption process was exothermic, spontaneous, and more favorable at 298 K. The optimized GMMIP was applied as an adsorbent in the selective extraction of parabens from real cosmetic samples. The results demonstrated good recoveries ranging from 43.3-113.3 %. It was found that the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were between 0.03 and 0.05 mg/L and 0.11 and 0.16 mg/L, respectively. The developed GMMIP was discovered to be a convenient and effective adsorbent for the extraction of parabens from cosmetic products |
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