Production of zinc iron phosphate glasses by microwave and conventional processing methods

This thesis describes the production of zinc iron phosphate glasses, xZnO-(40- x)Fe2O3-60P2O5 with x = 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 (mol%) using microwave and conventional processing methods. The work aiming to investigate the potential use of microwave processing method for the production of zinc ir...

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Main Author:	Mohd Farhadi, Nur Hazeeqah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English English
Published:	2020
Subjects:	TA1501-1820 Applied optics Photonics
Online Access:	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1118/1/24p%20NUR%20HAZEEQAH%20MOHD%20FARHADI.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1118/2/NUR%20HAZEEQAH%20MOHD%20FARHADI%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1118/3/NUR%20HAZEEQAH%20MOHD%20FARHADI%20WATERMARK.pdf
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spelling	my-uthm-ep.11182021-09-22T04:56:43Z Production of zinc iron phosphate glasses by microwave and conventional processing methods 2020-06 Mohd Farhadi, Nur Hazeeqah TA1501-1820 Applied optics. Photonics This thesis describes the production of zinc iron phosphate glasses, xZnO-(40- x)Fe2O3-60P2O5 with x = 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 (mol%) using microwave and conventional processing methods. The work aiming to investigate the potential use of microwave processing method for the production of zinc iron phosphate glasses. In microwave glass melting, magnetite powder coupled with microwave radiation within 10 minutes radiation time. Equivalent samples are conventionally prepared by melting the identical batches at 1300 ˚C for 3 hours in electric furnace. The mass loss trends for all samples are increased with the increasing of ZnO and in agreement with the theoretical data calculated from batch compositions. It is found that the mass loss of microwave samples increased about 2 % compared to conventionally made samples and this is due to the contribution of Fe2+ ion. XRD patterns confirmed the amorphous structure and revealed an identical diffuse scattering behaviour of all samples. The homogeneity of chemical compositions are evident from SEM images and the chemical analysis using EDS implied that the percentage amount of Zn, Fe and P in each of the glasses prepared using microwave method decrease compared to the samples formed using conventional method. The Tg data are in range of 459 – 476 ˚C and these agree with the mass loss and EDS analyses. Although the chemical properties of conventionally prepared samples are superior compared to the microwaved samples, the powder density analysis shown that the microwave samples possessed higher powder density values (3.0491, 3.0488 and 3.0343 g/cm3 ) at lower ZnO content (< 5 %). All in all, it is clear from the data that the microwave glass melting are promising and viable method as it retains high density of materials, rapid glass melting and reduce energy consumption compared to conventional glass melting. 2020-06 Thesis http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1118/ http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1118/1/24p%20NUR%20HAZEEQAH%20MOHD%20FARHADI.pdf text en public http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1118/2/NUR%20HAZEEQAH%20MOHD%20FARHADI%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf text en staffonly http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1118/3/NUR%20HAZEEQAH%20MOHD%20FARHADI%20WATERMARK.pdf text en validuser mphil masters Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Fakulti Sains Gunaan dan Teknologi
institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
collection	UTHM Institutional Repository
language	English English English
topic	TA1501-1820 Applied optics Photonics
spellingShingle	TA1501-1820 Applied optics Photonics Mohd Farhadi, Nur Hazeeqah Production of zinc iron phosphate glasses by microwave and conventional processing methods
description	This thesis describes the production of zinc iron phosphate glasses, xZnO-(40- x)Fe2O3-60P2O5 with x = 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 (mol%) using microwave and conventional processing methods. The work aiming to investigate the potential use of microwave processing method for the production of zinc iron phosphate glasses. In microwave glass melting, magnetite powder coupled with microwave radiation within 10 minutes radiation time. Equivalent samples are conventionally prepared by melting the identical batches at 1300 ˚C for 3 hours in electric furnace. The mass loss trends for all samples are increased with the increasing of ZnO and in agreement with the theoretical data calculated from batch compositions. It is found that the mass loss of microwave samples increased about 2 % compared to conventionally made samples and this is due to the contribution of Fe2+ ion. XRD patterns confirmed the amorphous structure and revealed an identical diffuse scattering behaviour of all samples. The homogeneity of chemical compositions are evident from SEM images and the chemical analysis using EDS implied that the percentage amount of Zn, Fe and P in each of the glasses prepared using microwave method decrease compared to the samples formed using conventional method. The Tg data are in range of 459 – 476 ˚C and these agree with the mass loss and EDS analyses. Although the chemical properties of conventionally prepared samples are superior compared to the microwaved samples, the powder density analysis shown that the microwave samples possessed higher powder density values (3.0491, 3.0488 and 3.0343 g/cm3 ) at lower ZnO content (< 5 %). All in all, it is clear from the data that the microwave glass melting are promising and viable method as it retains high density of materials, rapid glass melting and reduce energy consumption compared to conventional glass melting.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.)
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Mohd Farhadi, Nur Hazeeqah
author_facet	Mohd Farhadi, Nur Hazeeqah
author_sort	Mohd Farhadi, Nur Hazeeqah
title	Production of zinc iron phosphate glasses by microwave and conventional processing methods
title_short	Production of zinc iron phosphate glasses by microwave and conventional processing methods
title_full	Production of zinc iron phosphate glasses by microwave and conventional processing methods
title_fullStr	Production of zinc iron phosphate glasses by microwave and conventional processing methods
title_full_unstemmed	Production of zinc iron phosphate glasses by microwave and conventional processing methods
title_sort	production of zinc iron phosphate glasses by microwave and conventional processing methods
granting_institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
granting_department	Fakulti Sains Gunaan dan Teknologi
publishDate	2020
url	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1118/1/24p%20NUR%20HAZEEQAH%20MOHD%20FARHADI.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1118/2/NUR%20HAZEEQAH%20MOHD%20FARHADI%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1118/3/NUR%20HAZEEQAH%20MOHD%20FARHADI%20WATERMARK.pdf
_version_	1747830740522893312

Production of zinc iron phosphate glasses by microwave and conventional processing methods

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