Single-sided magnetic nanoparticles imaging scanner for early detection of breast cancer

Electromagnetic coils form the basis of magnetic particle imaging (MPI) scanners. Previous scanner designs employ Helmholtz coil arrangement which has low sensitivity and high cost of fabrication. Furthermore, the scanners have long signal acquisition time and high memory requirement. This research...

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Main Author:	Abubakar Sadiq, Abdulkadir
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	QC Physics
Online Access:	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/144/1/24p%20ABDULKADIR%20ABUBAKAR%20SADIQ.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/144/2/ABDULKADIR%20ABUBAKAR%20SADIQ%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/144/3/ABDULKADIR%20ABUBAKAR%20SADIQ%20WATERMARK.pdf
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spelling	my-uthm-ep.1442021-07-06T06:34:47Z Single-sided magnetic nanoparticles imaging scanner for early detection of breast cancer 2018-09 Abubakar Sadiq, Abdulkadir QC Physics Electromagnetic coils form the basis of magnetic particle imaging (MPI) scanners. Previous scanner designs employ Helmholtz coil arrangement which has low sensitivity and high cost of fabrication. Furthermore, the scanners have long signal acquisition time and high memory requirement. This research focuses on developing a simple, low-cost and low memory demanding one-dimensional MPI scanner capable of imaging the position and concentration of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), using electromagnetic coils in the form of solenoids. The scanner produces an oscillatory magnetic field to excite the MNPs and a static magnetic field to confine the region of interest. The MNPs reacted with a nonlinear magnetisation response, inducing a voltage signal that was measured with an appropriate gradiometer pickup coil. In Fourier space, the received voltage signal consists of the fundamental excitation frequency and harmonics. This research utilises the second harmonic response of the MNPs to determine their position and concentration. Analogue Bandpass and Bandstop filters were designed for signal excitation and reception. Resovist and Perimag MNPs in liquid and immobilised form were used as tracer materials, which were moved to different spatial positions through the field of view (FOV), to record the induced voltages. The magnitude response of the Bandpass filter with 22.8 kHz fundamental frequency shows a flat amplitude in the passband with a smooth roll-off rate of ±80 dB/pole, while the Bandstop filter efficiently attenuates the fundamental frequency and passed the 45.6 kHz second harmonic frequency. Results of the excitation coil design revealed that a magnetic field within the range of 0.8 mT to 4.4 mT was obtained, while a voltage in microvolts range was induced in the gradiometer pickup coil. The contour maps derived from imaging one and two samples of the MNPs in the XY-plane revealed their position and shape. Additionally, the average threshold of the peak signal amplitude was obtained as 10.63 μV that would indicate the presence of MNPs concentration sufficient for cancer detection. The developed single-sided MPI scanner has a spatial resolution of less than 1 mm, a pixel resolution of 51.5 megapixels and 42.1 ms image acquisition time. Thus, the outcome of this research showed that the developed single-side MPI scanner has a potential in the detection of MNPs, which could help in sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer diagnosis. 2018-09 Thesis http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/144/ http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/144/1/24p%20ABDULKADIR%20ABUBAKAR%20SADIQ.pdf text en public http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/144/2/ABDULKADIR%20ABUBAKAR%20SADIQ%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf text en staffonly http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/144/3/ABDULKADIR%20ABUBAKAR%20SADIQ%20WATERMARK.pdf text en validuser phd doctoral Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektrik dan Elektronik
institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
collection	UTHM Institutional Repository
language	English English English
topic	QC Physics
spellingShingle	QC Physics Abubakar Sadiq, Abdulkadir Single-sided magnetic nanoparticles imaging scanner for early detection of breast cancer
description	Electromagnetic coils form the basis of magnetic particle imaging (MPI) scanners. Previous scanner designs employ Helmholtz coil arrangement which has low sensitivity and high cost of fabrication. Furthermore, the scanners have long signal acquisition time and high memory requirement. This research focuses on developing a simple, low-cost and low memory demanding one-dimensional MPI scanner capable of imaging the position and concentration of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), using electromagnetic coils in the form of solenoids. The scanner produces an oscillatory magnetic field to excite the MNPs and a static magnetic field to confine the region of interest. The MNPs reacted with a nonlinear magnetisation response, inducing a voltage signal that was measured with an appropriate gradiometer pickup coil. In Fourier space, the received voltage signal consists of the fundamental excitation frequency and harmonics. This research utilises the second harmonic response of the MNPs to determine their position and concentration. Analogue Bandpass and Bandstop filters were designed for signal excitation and reception. Resovist and Perimag MNPs in liquid and immobilised form were used as tracer materials, which were moved to different spatial positions through the field of view (FOV), to record the induced voltages. The magnitude response of the Bandpass filter with 22.8 kHz fundamental frequency shows a flat amplitude in the passband with a smooth roll-off rate of ±80 dB/pole, while the Bandstop filter efficiently attenuates the fundamental frequency and passed the 45.6 kHz second harmonic frequency. Results of the excitation coil design revealed that a magnetic field within the range of 0.8 mT to 4.4 mT was obtained, while a voltage in microvolts range was induced in the gradiometer pickup coil. The contour maps derived from imaging one and two samples of the MNPs in the XY-plane revealed their position and shape. Additionally, the average threshold of the peak signal amplitude was obtained as 10.63 μV that would indicate the presence of MNPs concentration sufficient for cancer detection. The developed single-sided MPI scanner has a spatial resolution of less than 1 mm, a pixel resolution of 51.5 megapixels and 42.1 ms image acquisition time. Thus, the outcome of this research showed that the developed single-side MPI scanner has a potential in the detection of MNPs, which could help in sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer diagnosis.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Abubakar Sadiq, Abdulkadir
author_facet	Abubakar Sadiq, Abdulkadir
author_sort	Abubakar Sadiq, Abdulkadir
title	Single-sided magnetic nanoparticles imaging scanner for early detection of breast cancer
title_short	Single-sided magnetic nanoparticles imaging scanner for early detection of breast cancer
title_full	Single-sided magnetic nanoparticles imaging scanner for early detection of breast cancer
title_fullStr	Single-sided magnetic nanoparticles imaging scanner for early detection of breast cancer
title_full_unstemmed	Single-sided magnetic nanoparticles imaging scanner for early detection of breast cancer
title_sort	single-sided magnetic nanoparticles imaging scanner for early detection of breast cancer
granting_institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
granting_department	Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektrik dan Elektronik
publishDate	2018
url	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/144/1/24p%20ABDULKADIR%20ABUBAKAR%20SADIQ.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/144/2/ABDULKADIR%20ABUBAKAR%20SADIQ%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/144/3/ABDULKADIR%20ABUBAKAR%20SADIQ%20WATERMARK.pdf
_version_	1747830539593711616

Single-sided magnetic nanoparticles imaging scanner for early detection of breast cancer

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