Properties and environmental impact of recycling cigarette butts (CBs) in fired clay brick

Brick is one of the man-made building materials that have been used since the early human civilization. Due to the attractive appearance, strength and durability, it often used for construction, civil engineering works and landscape design. This study is focused on the effects of incorporating ci...

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Main Author:	Sarani, Noor Amira
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English English
Published:	2014
Subjects:	TA401-492 Materials of engineering and construction Mechanics of materials
Online Access:	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1601/1/24p%20NOOR%20AMIRA%20SARANI.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1601/2/NOOR%20AMIRA%20SARANI%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1601/3/NOOR%20AMIRA%20SARANI%20WATERMARK.pdf
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id	my-uthm-ep.1601
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-uthm-ep.16012021-10-03T08:08:44Z Properties and environmental impact of recycling cigarette butts (CBs) in fired clay brick 2014-09 Sarani, Noor Amira TA401-492 Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials Brick is one of the man-made building materials that have been used since the early human civilization. Due to the attractive appearance, strength and durability, it often used for construction, civil engineering works and landscape design. This study is focused on the effects of incorporating cigarette butts (CBs) into fired clay brick. The investigation includes characterization, optimum percentage of CBs incorporated, physical and mechanical properties, leachability and indoor air quality. Therefore, clay soil samples obtained from Hoe Guan Brick Sdn Bhd were used as control in this research while 2.5% and 5.0% by weight of CBs were incorporated into the clay bricks for subsequent experiments. Different heating rates were used during the firing processes which are 1 C/min respectively. All samples were fired at 1050 o o C/min, 3 o C/min and 5 C. The results suggested that the heating rates of 1 o o C/min with 2.5% CBs are adequate to achieve optimum properties. The results also indicated that the maximum compressive strength of fired clay brick was obtained with 2.5% CBs of fired clay brick at 1 C/min heating rate compared to others. The density becomes lightweight by 16% to 21% compared to conventional bricks as the percentage of CBs increased. The thermal conductivity of the bricks also improved from 24.6% to 46.1% with the increasing of CBs. In addition, leachability results indicated that the leaching of heavy metals were below the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and Environmental Protection Agency Victoria (EPAV) regulations. Finally, laboratory testing for Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) revealed that CB Brick complied with the Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality (ICOP-IAQ). 2014-09 Thesis http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1601/ http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1601/1/24p%20NOOR%20AMIRA%20SARANI.pdf text en public http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1601/2/NOOR%20AMIRA%20SARANI%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf text en staffonly http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1601/3/NOOR%20AMIRA%20SARANI%20WATERMARK.pdf text en validuser mphil masters Universiti Tun Hussein Malaysia Fakulti Kejuruteraan Awam dan Alam Bina
institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
collection	UTHM Institutional Repository
language	English English English
topic	TA401-492 Materials of engineering and construction Mechanics of materials
spellingShingle	TA401-492 Materials of engineering and construction Mechanics of materials Sarani, Noor Amira Properties and environmental impact of recycling cigarette butts (CBs) in fired clay brick
description	Brick is one of the man-made building materials that have been used since the early human civilization. Due to the attractive appearance, strength and durability, it often used for construction, civil engineering works and landscape design. This study is focused on the effects of incorporating cigarette butts (CBs) into fired clay brick. The investigation includes characterization, optimum percentage of CBs incorporated, physical and mechanical properties, leachability and indoor air quality. Therefore, clay soil samples obtained from Hoe Guan Brick Sdn Bhd were used as control in this research while 2.5% and 5.0% by weight of CBs were incorporated into the clay bricks for subsequent experiments. Different heating rates were used during the firing processes which are 1 C/min respectively. All samples were fired at 1050 o o C/min, 3 o C/min and 5 C. The results suggested that the heating rates of 1 o o C/min with 2.5% CBs are adequate to achieve optimum properties. The results also indicated that the maximum compressive strength of fired clay brick was obtained with 2.5% CBs of fired clay brick at 1 C/min heating rate compared to others. The density becomes lightweight by 16% to 21% compared to conventional bricks as the percentage of CBs increased. The thermal conductivity of the bricks also improved from 24.6% to 46.1% with the increasing of CBs. In addition, leachability results indicated that the leaching of heavy metals were below the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and Environmental Protection Agency Victoria (EPAV) regulations. Finally, laboratory testing for Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) revealed that CB Brick complied with the Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality (ICOP-IAQ).
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.)
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Sarani, Noor Amira
author_facet	Sarani, Noor Amira
author_sort	Sarani, Noor Amira
title	Properties and environmental impact of recycling cigarette butts (CBs) in fired clay brick
title_short	Properties and environmental impact of recycling cigarette butts (CBs) in fired clay brick
title_full	Properties and environmental impact of recycling cigarette butts (CBs) in fired clay brick
title_fullStr	Properties and environmental impact of recycling cigarette butts (CBs) in fired clay brick
title_full_unstemmed	Properties and environmental impact of recycling cigarette butts (CBs) in fired clay brick
title_sort	properties and environmental impact of recycling cigarette butts (cbs) in fired clay brick
granting_institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Malaysia
granting_department	Fakulti Kejuruteraan Awam dan Alam Bina
publishDate	2014
url	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1601/1/24p%20NOOR%20AMIRA%20SARANI.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1601/2/NOOR%20AMIRA%20SARANI%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/1601/3/NOOR%20AMIRA%20SARANI%20WATERMARK.pdf
_version_	1747830826535485440

Properties and environmental impact of recycling cigarette butts (CBs) in fired clay brick

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