Ram air turbine enhancement for auxiliary power unit replacement

Fossil fuels are currently the primary energy source of aircraft and cause harm to the environment. This study highlights the use of clean energy instead of fossil fuels in aircraft. This work aimed to study the possibility of dispensing auxiliary power unit (APU) in aircraft powered by fossil fuels...

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Main Author:	M. Saad, Magedi Moh
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English English
Published:	2017
Subjects:	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery TA174 Engineering design
Online Access:	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/338/1/24p%20MAGEDI%20MOH%20M.%20SAAD.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/338/2/MAGEDI%20MOH%20M.%20SAAD%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/338/3/MAGEDI%20MOH%20M.%20SAAD%20WATERMARK.pdf
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id	my-uthm-ep.338
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-uthm-ep.3382021-07-22T07:18:27Z Ram air turbine enhancement for auxiliary power unit replacement 2017-10 M. Saad, Magedi Moh TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery TA174 Engineering design TJ266-267.5 Turbines. Turbomachines (General) Fossil fuels are currently the primary energy source of aircraft and cause harm to the environment. This study highlights the use of clean energy instead of fossil fuels in aircraft. This work aimed to study the possibility of dispensing auxiliary power unit (APU) in aircraft powered by fossil fuels to reduce air pollution and the total fuel cost used in aircraft. Multiple drawbacks were recorded from APU usage, such as relatively high operating cost, undesired emissions, and noise. In this project, ram air turbine (RAT), which are already equipped in aircraft, was enhanced to generate the amount of energy produced by APU. Two approaches were adopted in order to achieve the goal. The number of RAT units in the aircraft body were increased, and the classical RAT design was improved by adding a counter-rotating system (counter-rotating RAT - CRRAT). The design of RAT blades was based on blade element momentum (BEM) theory. The performance of RAT and CRRAT was analyzed using FLUENT software. The adopted numerical scheme was the Navier–Stokes equation with k–ω (SST) turbulence modeling. In order to numerically simulate the actual turbine operation, the dynamic mesh and user define function (UDF) were used to revolve the rotor turbine via wind. This study was performed in two stages. The first stage was conducted to evaluate the power produced from a single-rotor RAT. Three RATs were required to fulfill the APU power output, and the best location for RAT placement was under the wings and the belly of the aircraft. The second stage aimed to evaluate the amount of power generated from CRRAT and select the optimum axial distance of CRRAT. Results indicated that the optimum axial distance was 0.087 of rotor diameter, and the efficiency increased to 81.63% compared to that of the single-rotor RAT (conventional RAT). The power output of CRRAT placed at the optimum axial distance was assessed. The power produced by CRRAT was in positive agreement with simulation results. Thus, CRRAT could be used for all aircraft equipped with traditional RAT. 2017-10 Thesis http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/338/ http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/338/1/24p%20MAGEDI%20MOH%20M.%20SAAD.pdf text en public http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/338/2/MAGEDI%20MOH%20M.%20SAAD%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf text en staffonly http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/338/3/MAGEDI%20MOH%20M.%20SAAD%20WATERMARK.pdf text en validuser phd doctoral Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan
institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
collection	UTHM Institutional Repository
language	English English English
topic	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery TA174 Engineering design TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
spellingShingle	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery TA174 Engineering design TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery M. Saad, Magedi Moh Ram air turbine enhancement for auxiliary power unit replacement
description	Fossil fuels are currently the primary energy source of aircraft and cause harm to the environment. This study highlights the use of clean energy instead of fossil fuels in aircraft. This work aimed to study the possibility of dispensing auxiliary power unit (APU) in aircraft powered by fossil fuels to reduce air pollution and the total fuel cost used in aircraft. Multiple drawbacks were recorded from APU usage, such as relatively high operating cost, undesired emissions, and noise. In this project, ram air turbine (RAT), which are already equipped in aircraft, was enhanced to generate the amount of energy produced by APU. Two approaches were adopted in order to achieve the goal. The number of RAT units in the aircraft body were increased, and the classical RAT design was improved by adding a counter-rotating system (counter-rotating RAT - CRRAT). The design of RAT blades was based on blade element momentum (BEM) theory. The performance of RAT and CRRAT was analyzed using FLUENT software. The adopted numerical scheme was the Navier–Stokes equation with k–ω (SST) turbulence modeling. In order to numerically simulate the actual turbine operation, the dynamic mesh and user define function (UDF) were used to revolve the rotor turbine via wind. This study was performed in two stages. The first stage was conducted to evaluate the power produced from a single-rotor RAT. Three RATs were required to fulfill the APU power output, and the best location for RAT placement was under the wings and the belly of the aircraft. The second stage aimed to evaluate the amount of power generated from CRRAT and select the optimum axial distance of CRRAT. Results indicated that the optimum axial distance was 0.087 of rotor diameter, and the efficiency increased to 81.63% compared to that of the single-rotor RAT (conventional RAT). The power output of CRRAT placed at the optimum axial distance was assessed. The power produced by CRRAT was in positive agreement with simulation results. Thus, CRRAT could be used for all aircraft equipped with traditional RAT.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	M. Saad, Magedi Moh
author_facet	M. Saad, Magedi Moh
author_sort	M. Saad, Magedi Moh
title	Ram air turbine enhancement for auxiliary power unit replacement
title_short	Ram air turbine enhancement for auxiliary power unit replacement
title_full	Ram air turbine enhancement for auxiliary power unit replacement
title_fullStr	Ram air turbine enhancement for auxiliary power unit replacement
title_full_unstemmed	Ram air turbine enhancement for auxiliary power unit replacement
title_sort	ram air turbine enhancement for auxiliary power unit replacement
granting_institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
granting_department	Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan
publishDate	2017
url	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/338/1/24p%20MAGEDI%20MOH%20M.%20SAAD.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/338/2/MAGEDI%20MOH%20M.%20SAAD%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/338/3/MAGEDI%20MOH%20M.%20SAAD%20WATERMARK.pdf
_version_	1747830586012073984

Ram air turbine enhancement for auxiliary power unit replacement

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