Characterisation of deformation behaviour and damage progression of recycled aluminium alloy AA6061
Fungi have unique characteristics since they have several applications in the environment and industry due to its ability to produce the different enzyme. This study aims to isolate a new fungal strain from Pontian peatland, Johor, Malaysia to be used for dye decolourizing in the synthetic greywa...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English English |
| Published: |
2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/4943/1/24p%20HO%20CHOON%20SIN.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/4943/2/HO%20CHOON%20SIN%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/4943/3/HO%20CHOON%20SIN%20WATERMARK.pdf |
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| Summary: | Fungi have unique characteristics since they have several applications in the environment
and industry due to its ability to produce the different enzyme. This study aims to isolate
a new fungal strain from Pontian peatland, Johor, Malaysia to be used for dye
decolourizing in the synthetic greywater as a function of laccase (LAC), manganese
peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP). The bio-synthesized nanoparticles
(bimetallic Zn/Cu NPs) in the secondary metabolic products generated during the enzyme
production in pumpkin peels medium was evaluated for inactivating Escherichia coli and
Staphylococcus aureus seeded in greywater. The fungal isolates were identified according
to phenotypic characteristics and by molecular characteristic at D1/D2 region and ITS
(ITS1- ITS4) sequences. The decolourization, enzyme production and inactivation process
were optimised using response surface methodology (RSM). The mechanism of
decolourization and inactivation process was investigated based on Field Emission
Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (FESEMEDX),
Fourier
transforms
infrared
spectroscopy
(FTIR),
atomic
force
microscopy
(AFM)
and
Raman
Spectroscopy
analysis.
The
results
revealed
that
Aspergillus
iizukae
EAN605,
Aspergillus
arenarioides
EAN603,
Penicillium
pedernalense
EAN604,
Purpureocillium
lilacinum
EAN601,
Paraconiothyrium
brasiliense
EAN202
and
Parengyodontium
album
EAN602
were new strains and first time recorded in Malaysia. The best dye
decolourization (78.34%) was 57.15 mg 100 mL
of dye, pH 6 and after 8.5 days
(R
-1
2
of
pumpkin peels,
=77.9%). The oxidative enzyme production was recorded with 20 g 100 mL
-1
of inoculum size, at pH 5.5 and after 10 days, where
6.15, 2.58 and 127.99 U mg
1
,
4.6 mL/100 mL
-1
of LAC, MnP and LiP was produced, respectively. The
inactivation of E. coli and S. aureus by Zn/Cu NPs was effective with 0.028 mg mL
-1
of
Zn/Cu NPs, at pH 6 and after 60 mins with 5.6 and 5.2 log reduction respectively. The
decolourization mechanism took place due to the action of oxidative enzymes on the inner
membrane of fungal mycelium and in the surrounded medium. The inactivation process acts by the destruction of the chemical composition of the bacterial cell wall and
membrane. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that peatland has high fungal diversity
to be used in the dye decolourization and synthesis of NPs for inactivating pathogenic
bacteria in the greywater.
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