Hydrothermally extracted nanohydroxyapatite from bovine bone as bioceramic and biofiller in bionanocomposite

Bones have an extraordinary capacity to restore and regenerate in case of minor injury. However, major injuries need orthopedic surgeries that required bone implant biomaterials. In this study, n-HAP powder was extracted from bovine bone by hydrothermal and calcined at different calcination temperat...

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Main Author:	Bano, Nazia
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	RD Surgery
Online Access:	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/612/1/NAZIA%20BANO%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/612/2/NAZIA%20BANO%20WATERMARK.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/612/3/24p%20NADIA%20BANO.pdf
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spelling	my-uthm-ep.6122021-08-11T04:14:43Z Hydrothermally extracted nanohydroxyapatite from bovine bone as bioceramic and biofiller in bionanocomposite 2019-04 Bano, Nazia RD Surgery Bones have an extraordinary capacity to restore and regenerate in case of minor injury. However, major injuries need orthopedic surgeries that required bone implant biomaterials. In this study, n-HAP powder was extracted from bovine bone by hydrothermal and calcined at different calcination temperatures (600-1100°C) without the use of solvents. The n-HAP powders produced were used to fabricate two types of biomaterials (HAP bioceramics and PLA/n-HAP bionanocomposite). The raw-HAP and calcined n-HAP powder samples were compacted into green bodies and were sintered at various temperatures (1000-1400°C) to produce HAP bioceramics. The best calcined n-HAP was mixed with PLA by melt mixing and injection moulding to fabricate PLA/n-HAP bionanocomposite. Characterizations of the n-HAP powder, n-HAP bioceramics and PLA/n-HAP bionanocomposite samples were done by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, universal testing machine (UTM) and melt flow index (MFI) analyses. TGA data revealed that n-HAP was thermally stable at 1300ºC. The extracted n-HAP powder was highly crystalline and crystallite size was in the range of 10-83 nm as confirmed by XRD. Density and hardness of the n-HAP bioceramics increased as sintering temperature increased and showing maximum values at a temperature of 1400°C. The results of PLA/n-HAP bionanocomposite revealed that the higher n-HAP loaded (at 5wt%), the lower the tensile strength of bionanocomposite due to poor interfacial adhesion. The interfacial adhesion was improved by loading of 1.0 wt% maleic anhydride (MAH) as a compatibilizer. The biocompatibility of bionanocomposite was evaluated in simulated body fluids (SBF). The results showed that apatite layers were grown on the surfaces of both biomaterials. Therefore, both biomaterials formulated shall be promising medical biomaterials for orthopedic applications. 2019-04 Thesis http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/612/ http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/612/1/NAZIA%20BANO%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf text en staffonly http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/612/2/NAZIA%20BANO%20WATERMARK.pdf text en validuser http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/612/3/24p%20NADIA%20BANO.pdf text en public mphil masters Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Fakulti Sains Gunaan dan Teknologi
institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
collection	UTHM Institutional Repository
language	English English English
topic	RD Surgery
spellingShingle	RD Surgery Bano, Nazia Hydrothermally extracted nanohydroxyapatite from bovine bone as bioceramic and biofiller in bionanocomposite
description	Bones have an extraordinary capacity to restore and regenerate in case of minor injury. However, major injuries need orthopedic surgeries that required bone implant biomaterials. In this study, n-HAP powder was extracted from bovine bone by hydrothermal and calcined at different calcination temperatures (600-1100°C) without the use of solvents. The n-HAP powders produced were used to fabricate two types of biomaterials (HAP bioceramics and PLA/n-HAP bionanocomposite). The raw-HAP and calcined n-HAP powder samples were compacted into green bodies and were sintered at various temperatures (1000-1400°C) to produce HAP bioceramics. The best calcined n-HAP was mixed with PLA by melt mixing and injection moulding to fabricate PLA/n-HAP bionanocomposite. Characterizations of the n-HAP powder, n-HAP bioceramics and PLA/n-HAP bionanocomposite samples were done by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, universal testing machine (UTM) and melt flow index (MFI) analyses. TGA data revealed that n-HAP was thermally stable at 1300ºC. The extracted n-HAP powder was highly crystalline and crystallite size was in the range of 10-83 nm as confirmed by XRD. Density and hardness of the n-HAP bioceramics increased as sintering temperature increased and showing maximum values at a temperature of 1400°C. The results of PLA/n-HAP bionanocomposite revealed that the higher n-HAP loaded (at 5wt%), the lower the tensile strength of bionanocomposite due to poor interfacial adhesion. The interfacial adhesion was improved by loading of 1.0 wt% maleic anhydride (MAH) as a compatibilizer. The biocompatibility of bionanocomposite was evaluated in simulated body fluids (SBF). The results showed that apatite layers were grown on the surfaces of both biomaterials. Therefore, both biomaterials formulated shall be promising medical biomaterials for orthopedic applications.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.)
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Bano, Nazia
author_facet	Bano, Nazia
author_sort	Bano, Nazia
title	Hydrothermally extracted nanohydroxyapatite from bovine bone as bioceramic and biofiller in bionanocomposite
title_short	Hydrothermally extracted nanohydroxyapatite from bovine bone as bioceramic and biofiller in bionanocomposite
title_full	Hydrothermally extracted nanohydroxyapatite from bovine bone as bioceramic and biofiller in bionanocomposite
title_fullStr	Hydrothermally extracted nanohydroxyapatite from bovine bone as bioceramic and biofiller in bionanocomposite
title_full_unstemmed	Hydrothermally extracted nanohydroxyapatite from bovine bone as bioceramic and biofiller in bionanocomposite
title_sort	hydrothermally extracted nanohydroxyapatite from bovine bone as bioceramic and biofiller in bionanocomposite
granting_institution	Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
granting_department	Fakulti Sains Gunaan dan Teknologi
publishDate	2019
url	http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/612/1/NAZIA%20BANO%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/612/2/NAZIA%20BANO%20WATERMARK.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/612/3/24p%20NADIA%20BANO.pdf
_version_	1747830645881569280

Hydrothermally extracted nanohydroxyapatite from bovine bone as bioceramic and biofiller in bionanocomposite

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