Antituberculosis, drug-fraction interaction and cytotoxicity activities of tetracera macrophylla stem extract
Tetracera macrophylla is a climbing woody vine that has been used by several ethnics of indigenous people around Malaysia for various ethnomedicinal purposes. With the emergence of resistance strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, T. macrophylla could be a potential reservoir in quest of novel an...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English English |
| Published: |
2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/6434/1/24p%20MUHAMAD%20HARITH%20MAZLUN.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/6434/2/MUHAMAD%20HARITH%20MAZLUN%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/6434/3/MUHAMAD%20HARITH%20MAZLUN%20WATERMARK.pdf |
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| Summary: | Tetracera macrophylla is a climbing woody vine that has been used by several ethnics of
indigenous people around Malaysia for various ethnomedicinal purposes. With the
emergence of resistance strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, T. macrophylla could be
a potential reservoir in quest of novel anti-TB compounds. This research hence embarks
on achieving three objectives which are to assess the anti-TB activities of T. macrophylla
stem fractions against M. tuberculosis H37Ra, to evaluate the synergistic interactions of
T. macrophylla stem fractions with anti-TB drugs (Rifampicin and Isoniazid) and to assess
cytotoxicity of stem fractions of T. macrophylla to Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK-293)
cell line. Fractionation via column and thin-layer chromatography of the plant ethyl
acetate extract has led to the elution of 29 fractions. Anti-TB activities assessment of all
T. macrophylla fractions via Tetrazolum Microplate Assay (TEMA) has revealed that
seven of the fractions (S2, S3, S5, S6, S11, S12 & S15) inhibited the growth of
mycobacteria at Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) ranges from 400 to 800 µg/ml
though with Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) that were more than 800 µg/ml.
Furthermore, the evaluation of synergistic interactions of selected bioactive fractions (S5,
S6 & S12) with selected anti-TB drugs (Rifampicin and Isoniazid) via checkerboard assay
has showed that the fractions exhibited additive effects with Fractional Inhibition
Concentration Index (FICI) ranges from 0.625 to 1.125, suggesting that the fractions may
possess a mechanism-of-action and drug target which resemble that of the anti-TB drugs.
On the other hand, the selectivity index (SI) as calculated from the cytotoxicity assay via
tetrazolium colorimetric-based method has displayed that all of the test fractions were
more selective towards the mammalian cells than the mycobacterial cells. Conclusively,
present study has provided insight into anti-TB potential of T. macrophylla and further
scientifically consolidate the species as an anti-TB ethnomedicinal importance. |
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