Evaluation on performance and environmental impacts of the revived industrial lead-acid batteries

In Malaysia, various types of batteries have evolved, as the energy revolution from internal combustion engines to electric motors continues to progress due to increased environmental awareness. The lead-acid battery is one of the preferred choices to run the electric motor for industrial applica...

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Main Author: Ibrahim, Noor Saidatul Maya
Format: Thesis
Language:English
English
English
Published: 2022
Subjects:
Online Access:http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/8291/1/24p%20NOOR%20SAIDATUL%20MAYA%20IBRAHIM.pdf
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http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/8291/3/NOOR%20SAIDATUL%20MAYA%20IBRAHIM%20WATERMARK.pdf
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spelling my-uthm-ep.82912023-02-07T03:44:52Z Evaluation on performance and environmental impacts of the revived industrial lead-acid batteries 2022-07 Ibrahim, Noor Saidatul Maya T Technology (General) In Malaysia, various types of batteries have evolved, as the energy revolution from internal combustion engines to electric motors continues to progress due to increased environmental awareness. The lead-acid battery is one of the preferred choices to run the electric motor for industrial applications, such as electric forklifts and golf carts. However, the problem with lead-acid batteries is that their performance degrades over time, as the internal resistance of the battery increases due to the presence of lead sulphates (PbSO4) . Low-capacity batteries are recycled through the pyrometallurgical method contributing to carbon emissions (kgCO2e). As an alternative, regeneration technology has been introduced to revive low-capacity batteries using high-current pulses of up to 450 A to dissolve lead sulphates on the plates. The results from the experimental work that has been conducted, this technology can enhance battery capacity up to 96% and can also improve battery longevity. Using the life-cycle assessment (LCA) method, this study evaluated the carbon footprints (kgCO2e) of recycling and reviving lead-acid batteries. The carbon footprints (kgCO2e) were evaluated gate-to-gate with a functional unit of 1,315 kg lead-acid batteries. The findings from SimaPro simulator software show that recycling a lead-acid battery generated 131% more carbon footprints (kgCO2e) than from reviving it. Besides that, the process and environmental costs of both methods were compared using the environmental life-cycle costing (E-LCC) approach. The comparative results from the SimaPro simulator software show that reviving lead-acid batteries was 79% more economical than recycling them. Lastly, in response to environmental awareness, this study proposed a policy framework for lead-acid battery distribution and waste management to assist in handling the batteries. 2022-07 Thesis http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/8291/ http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/8291/1/24p%20NOOR%20SAIDATUL%20MAYA%20IBRAHIM.pdf text en public http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/8291/2/NOOR%20SAIDATUL%20MAYA%20IBRAHIM%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf text en staffonly http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/8291/3/NOOR%20SAIDATUL%20MAYA%20IBRAHIM%20WATERMARK.pdf text en validuser mphil masters Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektrik dan Elektronik
institution Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
collection UTHM Institutional Repository
language English
English
English
topic T Technology (General)
spellingShingle T Technology (General)
Ibrahim, Noor Saidatul Maya
Evaluation on performance and environmental impacts of the revived industrial lead-acid batteries
description In Malaysia, various types of batteries have evolved, as the energy revolution from internal combustion engines to electric motors continues to progress due to increased environmental awareness. The lead-acid battery is one of the preferred choices to run the electric motor for industrial applications, such as electric forklifts and golf carts. However, the problem with lead-acid batteries is that their performance degrades over time, as the internal resistance of the battery increases due to the presence of lead sulphates (PbSO4) . Low-capacity batteries are recycled through the pyrometallurgical method contributing to carbon emissions (kgCO2e). As an alternative, regeneration technology has been introduced to revive low-capacity batteries using high-current pulses of up to 450 A to dissolve lead sulphates on the plates. The results from the experimental work that has been conducted, this technology can enhance battery capacity up to 96% and can also improve battery longevity. Using the life-cycle assessment (LCA) method, this study evaluated the carbon footprints (kgCO2e) of recycling and reviving lead-acid batteries. The carbon footprints (kgCO2e) were evaluated gate-to-gate with a functional unit of 1,315 kg lead-acid batteries. The findings from SimaPro simulator software show that recycling a lead-acid battery generated 131% more carbon footprints (kgCO2e) than from reviving it. Besides that, the process and environmental costs of both methods were compared using the environmental life-cycle costing (E-LCC) approach. The comparative results from the SimaPro simulator software show that reviving lead-acid batteries was 79% more economical than recycling them. Lastly, in response to environmental awareness, this study proposed a policy framework for lead-acid battery distribution and waste management to assist in handling the batteries.
format Thesis
qualification_name Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.)
qualification_level Master's degree
author Ibrahim, Noor Saidatul Maya
author_facet Ibrahim, Noor Saidatul Maya
author_sort Ibrahim, Noor Saidatul Maya
title Evaluation on performance and environmental impacts of the revived industrial lead-acid batteries
title_short Evaluation on performance and environmental impacts of the revived industrial lead-acid batteries
title_full Evaluation on performance and environmental impacts of the revived industrial lead-acid batteries
title_fullStr Evaluation on performance and environmental impacts of the revived industrial lead-acid batteries
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation on performance and environmental impacts of the revived industrial lead-acid batteries
title_sort evaluation on performance and environmental impacts of the revived industrial lead-acid batteries
granting_institution Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
granting_department Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektrik dan Elektronik
publishDate 2022
url http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/8291/1/24p%20NOOR%20SAIDATUL%20MAYA%20IBRAHIM.pdf
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/8291/2/NOOR%20SAIDATUL%20MAYA%20IBRAHIM%20COPYRIGHT%20DECLARATION.pdf
http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/8291/3/NOOR%20SAIDATUL%20MAYA%20IBRAHIM%20WATERMARK.pdf
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