Comparison of bacterial diversity from goat farm and sewage treatment plant effluent using metagenomic analysis

The need for clean water is challenging when the effectiveness of monitoring the source of pollution is still in question. Water pollution due to fecal contamination has been linked with the entry of sewage from animal husbandry through non-point sources. Due to the inherent limitations of conventio...

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Main Author:	Santhanasamy, Kayverne
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2022
Subjects:	QD Chemistry
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101995/1/KayverneSanthanasamyMFS2022.pdf.pdf
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id	my-utm-ep.101995
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spelling	my-utm-ep.1019952023-07-31T06:22:55Z Comparison of bacterial diversity from goat farm and sewage treatment plant effluent using metagenomic analysis 2022 Santhanasamy, Kayverne QD Chemistry The need for clean water is challenging when the effectiveness of monitoring the source of pollution is still in question. Water pollution due to fecal contamination has been linked with the entry of sewage from animal husbandry through non-point sources. Due to the inherent limitations of conventional fecal indicator bacteria, microbial source tracking is more appropriate to resolve fecal pollution from non-point sources. Microbial community analysis is the current interest of microbial source tracking. Thus, this project aimed to study the metagenomic microbial community of goat farm effluent to determine its unique microbe for source tracking of goat fecal pollution. Effluents from Osman Goat Farm and sewage treatment plant (STP) in UTM were collected. The STP sample functioned as a reference for comparison. Total DNA from both samples was extracted using the phenol-chloroform method. 16 S rDNA sequencing analysis was done to determine their microbial community. Sequencing results showed 316 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU) represented the goat farm effluent sample, yielding 93 bacterial genera whereas 523 OTUs were in the STP and assigned to 295 bacterial genera. Twenty four genera from the STP effluent sample were associated with human microbes. Proteobacteria such as Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were observed as dominant in the STP (44.3%) and associated with the human gut. In the goat farm effluent sample, Bacteroidetes (28.6%) and Firmicutes (49.5%) phyla were dominant. Comparing both samples at the genus level found Saccharofermentans uncultured rumen bacterium and Bacteroidales RF16 uncultured bacterium were genera specific to and differentiate goat farm effluent from the human STP effluent, although both genera were common in other ruminants. In conclusion, 16S rDNA metagenomic sequencing successfully distinguished goat farm effluent from human STP effluent. Suggestions were proposed that the genera be best identified to species level for better association with the goat farm. Their persistence in withstanding artificial external environments must be confirmed before they can be used as goat farm-specific microbial community markers. 2022 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101995/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101995/1/KayverneSanthanasamyMFS2022.pdf.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:149317 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Faculty of Science
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QD Chemistry
spellingShingle	QD Chemistry Santhanasamy, Kayverne Comparison of bacterial diversity from goat farm and sewage treatment plant effluent using metagenomic analysis
description	The need for clean water is challenging when the effectiveness of monitoring the source of pollution is still in question. Water pollution due to fecal contamination has been linked with the entry of sewage from animal husbandry through non-point sources. Due to the inherent limitations of conventional fecal indicator bacteria, microbial source tracking is more appropriate to resolve fecal pollution from non-point sources. Microbial community analysis is the current interest of microbial source tracking. Thus, this project aimed to study the metagenomic microbial community of goat farm effluent to determine its unique microbe for source tracking of goat fecal pollution. Effluents from Osman Goat Farm and sewage treatment plant (STP) in UTM were collected. The STP sample functioned as a reference for comparison. Total DNA from both samples was extracted using the phenol-chloroform method. 16 S rDNA sequencing analysis was done to determine their microbial community. Sequencing results showed 316 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU) represented the goat farm effluent sample, yielding 93 bacterial genera whereas 523 OTUs were in the STP and assigned to 295 bacterial genera. Twenty four genera from the STP effluent sample were associated with human microbes. Proteobacteria such as Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were observed as dominant in the STP (44.3%) and associated with the human gut. In the goat farm effluent sample, Bacteroidetes (28.6%) and Firmicutes (49.5%) phyla were dominant. Comparing both samples at the genus level found Saccharofermentans uncultured rumen bacterium and Bacteroidales RF16 uncultured bacterium were genera specific to and differentiate goat farm effluent from the human STP effluent, although both genera were common in other ruminants. In conclusion, 16S rDNA metagenomic sequencing successfully distinguished goat farm effluent from human STP effluent. Suggestions were proposed that the genera be best identified to species level for better association with the goat farm. Their persistence in withstanding artificial external environments must be confirmed before they can be used as goat farm-specific microbial community markers.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Santhanasamy, Kayverne
author_facet	Santhanasamy, Kayverne
author_sort	Santhanasamy, Kayverne
title	Comparison of bacterial diversity from goat farm and sewage treatment plant effluent using metagenomic analysis
title_short	Comparison of bacterial diversity from goat farm and sewage treatment plant effluent using metagenomic analysis
title_full	Comparison of bacterial diversity from goat farm and sewage treatment plant effluent using metagenomic analysis
title_fullStr	Comparison of bacterial diversity from goat farm and sewage treatment plant effluent using metagenomic analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Comparison of bacterial diversity from goat farm and sewage treatment plant effluent using metagenomic analysis
title_sort	comparison of bacterial diversity from goat farm and sewage treatment plant effluent using metagenomic analysis
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Science
publishDate	2022
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/101995/1/KayverneSanthanasamyMFS2022.pdf.pdf
_version_	1776100820915322880

Comparison of bacterial diversity from goat farm and sewage treatment plant effluent using metagenomic analysis

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