Titanium carbide and titanium aluminium carbide saturable absorbers fpr pulse generation in erbium-doped fiber lser

The nonlinear optical properties of various materials have been widely investigated to develop an all-fiberized laser cavity. The existing saturable absorber (SA) materials own a few limitations such as band gap-dependent wavelength, narrow lasing bandwidth, low optical damage tolerance, and weak no...

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Main Author:	Jafry, Afiq Arif Aminuddin
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2022
Subjects:	QC Physics
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/102298/1/AfiqArifAminuddinPFS2022.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.1022982023-08-17T00:47:30Z Titanium carbide and titanium aluminium carbide saturable absorbers fpr pulse generation in erbium-doped fiber lser 2022 Jafry, Afiq Arif Aminuddin QC Physics The nonlinear optical properties of various materials have been widely investigated to develop an all-fiberized laser cavity. The existing saturable absorber (SA) materials own a few limitations such as band gap-dependent wavelength, narrow lasing bandwidth, low optical damage tolerance, and weak nonlinear absorption. Hence, this study has developed MXene Ti3C2Tx and MAX phase Ti3AlC2 as SA in a fiber laser cavity. The SA materials were prepared by a solution casting method and the D-shaped fiber was fabricated by using a mechanical wheel technique. The SA materials were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometer, and Raman spectroscopy to confirm their elemental constituent. A twin-balanced detector technique examined the nonlinear absorption of SA devices, while linear absorption measurement confirmed the operating wavelength of the SAs. Linear and nonlinear absorption of the prepared SA devices exposed strong saturable absorption properties in the 1.55-μm region. An erbium-doped fiber laser cavity was developed and optimized to generate a continuous-wave laser. The Q-switched and mode-locked lasers were successfully generated using the SAs developed based on D-shaped fiber and thin film structure in the erbium-doped fiber laser cavity, indicating the compatibility of such SA devices in the all fiber-based cavity. The SA device with the highest nonlinear absorption of 3% was realized with MXene Ti3C2Tx coated on D-shaped fiber. All SA devices own strong optical properties, thus generating powerful Q-switched and mode-locked lasers. An improvement in the pulsed laser's parameters and nonlinear absorption properties of the material was achieved with D-shaped fiber as SA in the laser cavity. The MAX phase Ti3AlC2 deposited onto D-shaped fiber generated a mode-locked laser with a pulse width of 2.21 ps compared to its thin film counterparts, which initiated a mode-locked laser with a 3.68 ps pulse width. The use of ternary metal carbides, which are MXene Ti3C2Tx and MAX phase Ti3AlC2, proved the development of a SA with strong nonlinear absorption, high optical damage threshold, band gap-independent wavelength, and broad operational bandwidth. The short-pulsed lasers in the 1.55-μm regime are essential for various applications such as optical fiber communications, remote sensing, material processing, and laser cutting technology. 2022 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/102298/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/102298/1/AfiqArifAminuddinPFS2022.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:147903 phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Science Faculty of Science
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QC Physics
spellingShingle	QC Physics Jafry, Afiq Arif Aminuddin Titanium carbide and titanium aluminium carbide saturable absorbers fpr pulse generation in erbium-doped fiber lser
description	The nonlinear optical properties of various materials have been widely investigated to develop an all-fiberized laser cavity. The existing saturable absorber (SA) materials own a few limitations such as band gap-dependent wavelength, narrow lasing bandwidth, low optical damage tolerance, and weak nonlinear absorption. Hence, this study has developed MXene Ti3C2Tx and MAX phase Ti3AlC2 as SA in a fiber laser cavity. The SA materials were prepared by a solution casting method and the D-shaped fiber was fabricated by using a mechanical wheel technique. The SA materials were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometer, and Raman spectroscopy to confirm their elemental constituent. A twin-balanced detector technique examined the nonlinear absorption of SA devices, while linear absorption measurement confirmed the operating wavelength of the SAs. Linear and nonlinear absorption of the prepared SA devices exposed strong saturable absorption properties in the 1.55-μm region. An erbium-doped fiber laser cavity was developed and optimized to generate a continuous-wave laser. The Q-switched and mode-locked lasers were successfully generated using the SAs developed based on D-shaped fiber and thin film structure in the erbium-doped fiber laser cavity, indicating the compatibility of such SA devices in the all fiber-based cavity. The SA device with the highest nonlinear absorption of 3% was realized with MXene Ti3C2Tx coated on D-shaped fiber. All SA devices own strong optical properties, thus generating powerful Q-switched and mode-locked lasers. An improvement in the pulsed laser's parameters and nonlinear absorption properties of the material was achieved with D-shaped fiber as SA in the laser cavity. The MAX phase Ti3AlC2 deposited onto D-shaped fiber generated a mode-locked laser with a pulse width of 2.21 ps compared to its thin film counterparts, which initiated a mode-locked laser with a 3.68 ps pulse width. The use of ternary metal carbides, which are MXene Ti3C2Tx and MAX phase Ti3AlC2, proved the development of a SA with strong nonlinear absorption, high optical damage threshold, band gap-independent wavelength, and broad operational bandwidth. The short-pulsed lasers in the 1.55-μm regime are essential for various applications such as optical fiber communications, remote sensing, material processing, and laser cutting technology.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Jafry, Afiq Arif Aminuddin
author_facet	Jafry, Afiq Arif Aminuddin
author_sort	Jafry, Afiq Arif Aminuddin
title	Titanium carbide and titanium aluminium carbide saturable absorbers fpr pulse generation in erbium-doped fiber lser
title_short	Titanium carbide and titanium aluminium carbide saturable absorbers fpr pulse generation in erbium-doped fiber lser
title_full	Titanium carbide and titanium aluminium carbide saturable absorbers fpr pulse generation in erbium-doped fiber lser
title_fullStr	Titanium carbide and titanium aluminium carbide saturable absorbers fpr pulse generation in erbium-doped fiber lser
title_full_unstemmed	Titanium carbide and titanium aluminium carbide saturable absorbers fpr pulse generation in erbium-doped fiber lser
title_sort	titanium carbide and titanium aluminium carbide saturable absorbers fpr pulse generation in erbium-doped fiber lser
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Science
granting_department	Faculty of Science
publishDate	2022
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/102298/1/AfiqArifAminuddinPFS2022.pdf
_version_	1776100890516652032

Titanium carbide and titanium aluminium carbide saturable absorbers fpr pulse generation in erbium-doped fiber lser

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