Mechanical, thermal and flammability properties of poly (Lactic acid)/banana fibre/graphene nanocomposites toughened by core shell rubber

A biocomposite consists of Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and Banana Fiber (BF) was prepared responding to high demand of biodegradable product. The mechanical as well as the morphological studies were done to find the optimum BF loading for the biocomposite system. Nevertheless, the optimum BF loading co...

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Main Author:	Basri, Muhamad Hilmi
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2021
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/102307/1/MuhamadHilmiBasriMSChE2021.pdf.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.1023072023-08-17T00:50:26Z Mechanical, thermal and flammability properties of poly (Lactic acid)/banana fibre/graphene nanocomposites toughened by core shell rubber 2021 Basri, Muhamad Hilmi TP Chemical technology A biocomposite consists of Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and Banana Fiber (BF) was prepared responding to high demand of biodegradable product. The mechanical as well as the morphological studies were done to find the optimum BF loading for the biocomposite system. Nevertheless, the optimum BF loading could not determine since most of the mechanical properties exhibit a decremental trends and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses revealed that there was an interfacial gap presence between the PLA/BF due to poor compatibility between those two. An epoxy-based compatibilizer (brand name Joncryl) was then incorporated into the biocomposite system to improve the overall mechanical properties of PLA/BF biocomposite. However, addition of Joncryl only gave a slight improvement on impact strength but adversely affected the tensile and flexural strength. Hence, graphene (Gr) was added to improve the properties of the nanocomposite. Sample of PLA/10% BF with 0.5 phr Gr loading recorded the highest tensile and flexural strength compared to other formulations thus was selected as the optimum loading for the PLA/BF/Gr nanocomposite. Thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry tests (DSC) revealed that increased amount of Gr had enhance the thermal stability of the biocomposite. On the contrary, the increase contents of Gr had decreased the nanocomposite toughness, which was shown by the impact test results. In order to overcome the drawback, a core shell rubber (CSR) was introduced to the system as a toughening agent. Based on the overall mechanical properties, 15 phr CSR content showed the highest impact strength and elongation at break while having an acceptable thermal stability. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) for 15 phr CSR content was at 21 volume%, which exceeded the threshold mark of 20.8 volume%. This indicate that the nanocomposite produced at this formulation can be classified as a safe material. 2021 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/102307/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/102307/1/MuhamadHilmiBasriMSChE2021.pdf.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:145618 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Basri, Muhamad Hilmi Mechanical, thermal and flammability properties of poly (Lactic acid)/banana fibre/graphene nanocomposites toughened by core shell rubber
description	A biocomposite consists of Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and Banana Fiber (BF) was prepared responding to high demand of biodegradable product. The mechanical as well as the morphological studies were done to find the optimum BF loading for the biocomposite system. Nevertheless, the optimum BF loading could not determine since most of the mechanical properties exhibit a decremental trends and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses revealed that there was an interfacial gap presence between the PLA/BF due to poor compatibility between those two. An epoxy-based compatibilizer (brand name Joncryl) was then incorporated into the biocomposite system to improve the overall mechanical properties of PLA/BF biocomposite. However, addition of Joncryl only gave a slight improvement on impact strength but adversely affected the tensile and flexural strength. Hence, graphene (Gr) was added to improve the properties of the nanocomposite. Sample of PLA/10% BF with 0.5 phr Gr loading recorded the highest tensile and flexural strength compared to other formulations thus was selected as the optimum loading for the PLA/BF/Gr nanocomposite. Thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry tests (DSC) revealed that increased amount of Gr had enhance the thermal stability of the biocomposite. On the contrary, the increase contents of Gr had decreased the nanocomposite toughness, which was shown by the impact test results. In order to overcome the drawback, a core shell rubber (CSR) was introduced to the system as a toughening agent. Based on the overall mechanical properties, 15 phr CSR content showed the highest impact strength and elongation at break while having an acceptable thermal stability. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) for 15 phr CSR content was at 21 volume%, which exceeded the threshold mark of 20.8 volume%. This indicate that the nanocomposite produced at this formulation can be classified as a safe material.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Basri, Muhamad Hilmi
author_facet	Basri, Muhamad Hilmi
author_sort	Basri, Muhamad Hilmi
title	Mechanical, thermal and flammability properties of poly (Lactic acid)/banana fibre/graphene nanocomposites toughened by core shell rubber
title_short	Mechanical, thermal and flammability properties of poly (Lactic acid)/banana fibre/graphene nanocomposites toughened by core shell rubber
title_full	Mechanical, thermal and flammability properties of poly (Lactic acid)/banana fibre/graphene nanocomposites toughened by core shell rubber
title_fullStr	Mechanical, thermal and flammability properties of poly (Lactic acid)/banana fibre/graphene nanocomposites toughened by core shell rubber
title_full_unstemmed	Mechanical, thermal and flammability properties of poly (Lactic acid)/banana fibre/graphene nanocomposites toughened by core shell rubber
title_sort	mechanical, thermal and flammability properties of poly (lactic acid)/banana fibre/graphene nanocomposites toughened by core shell rubber
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
publishDate	2021
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/102307/1/MuhamadHilmiBasriMSChE2021.pdf.pdf
_version_	1776100892185985024

Mechanical, thermal and flammability properties of poly (Lactic acid)/banana fibre/graphene nanocomposites toughened by core shell rubber

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