Physical and structural properties of Nd : YAG crystal growth by czocharalski method

Neodymium doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet, Nd:YAG crystal with nominal dopant concentration of 1.4 at. % was successfully grown by Czochralski technique equipped with an Automatic Diameter Control – Crystal Growth System (ADC-CGS). Correlation between dopant concentrations with the length of crystal...

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Main Author:	Mansor, Mohd. Faizal
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	QD Chemistry
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/32615/5/MohdFaizalMansorMFS2012.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.326152018-04-27T01:23:26Z Physical and structural properties of Nd : YAG crystal growth by czocharalski method 2012-08 Mansor, Mohd. Faizal QD Chemistry Neodymium doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet, Nd:YAG crystal with nominal dopant concentration of 1.4 at. % was successfully grown by Czochralski technique equipped with an Automatic Diameter Control – Crystal Growth System (ADC-CGS). Correlation between dopant concentrations with the length of crystal boule in relation with physical and structural properties was studied. It was found that the crystal was partially transparent with some visible macroscopic defects such as cracks, gas pores, and inclusion. Its physical appearance is strongly affected by heat zone design. From EDX analysis, it was found that the doping concentration of Nd3+ ion increased as the crystal boule became longer than its initial pulling point. From the top to the bottom of Nd:YAG crystal boule, the concentration of Nd3+ changed from 0.13 at. % to 0.65 at. %. The density of the samples was determined by Archimedes method which showed an increasing trend of density with the crystal length which was found to be in the range of 4.5344±0.0153 gcm-3 to 4.5628±0.0114 gcm-3. It was also discovered that Vickers hardness increased with increasing dopant concentration which was from 1590 Hv to 1776 Hv. Raman spectrum was obtained in the range of 100 cm-1 – 1000 cm-1. From the spectra, the intensity was found to vary and shifting occured in the band due to the Nd3+ dopant concentration. Meanwhile, the IR spectra shows absorption occurring around 2000 cm-1 to 4500 cm-1. Absorption tends to be greater with increasing dopant concentration. Furthermore, the effect of melts level to the growth process has also been studied and it is suggested that the crucible should be lifted up according to the level of the melts drop during growing process to maintain the temperature gradient of the hot zone. 2012-08 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/32615/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/32615/5/MohdFaizalMansorMFS2012.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Science Faculty of Science
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QD Chemistry
spellingShingle	QD Chemistry Mansor, Mohd. Faizal Physical and structural properties of Nd : YAG crystal growth by czocharalski method
description	Neodymium doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet, Nd:YAG crystal with nominal dopant concentration of 1.4 at. % was successfully grown by Czochralski technique equipped with an Automatic Diameter Control – Crystal Growth System (ADC-CGS). Correlation between dopant concentrations with the length of crystal boule in relation with physical and structural properties was studied. It was found that the crystal was partially transparent with some visible macroscopic defects such as cracks, gas pores, and inclusion. Its physical appearance is strongly affected by heat zone design. From EDX analysis, it was found that the doping concentration of Nd3+ ion increased as the crystal boule became longer than its initial pulling point. From the top to the bottom of Nd:YAG crystal boule, the concentration of Nd3+ changed from 0.13 at. % to 0.65 at. %. The density of the samples was determined by Archimedes method which showed an increasing trend of density with the crystal length which was found to be in the range of 4.5344±0.0153 gcm-3 to 4.5628±0.0114 gcm-3. It was also discovered that Vickers hardness increased with increasing dopant concentration which was from 1590 Hv to 1776 Hv. Raman spectrum was obtained in the range of 100 cm-1 – 1000 cm-1. From the spectra, the intensity was found to vary and shifting occured in the band due to the Nd3+ dopant concentration. Meanwhile, the IR spectra shows absorption occurring around 2000 cm-1 to 4500 cm-1. Absorption tends to be greater with increasing dopant concentration. Furthermore, the effect of melts level to the growth process has also been studied and it is suggested that the crucible should be lifted up according to the level of the melts drop during growing process to maintain the temperature gradient of the hot zone.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Mansor, Mohd. Faizal
author_facet	Mansor, Mohd. Faizal
author_sort	Mansor, Mohd. Faizal
title	Physical and structural properties of Nd : YAG crystal growth by czocharalski method
title_short	Physical and structural properties of Nd : YAG crystal growth by czocharalski method
title_full	Physical and structural properties of Nd : YAG crystal growth by czocharalski method
title_fullStr	Physical and structural properties of Nd : YAG crystal growth by czocharalski method
title_full_unstemmed	Physical and structural properties of Nd : YAG crystal growth by czocharalski method
title_sort	physical and structural properties of nd : yag crystal growth by czocharalski method
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Science
granting_department	Faculty of Science
publishDate	2012
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/32615/5/MohdFaizalMansorMFS2012.pdf
_version_	1747816045408681984

Physical and structural properties of Nd : YAG crystal growth by czocharalski method

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