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A RAM cathode is composed of electronic manganese dioxide (EMD), graphite and additives whilst anode material which is based on zinc gel. Manganese dioxide, is a semiconductor which has conductivity range of 10-6 to 10-3 –1cm-1. This conductivity of EMD is expecting to increase by dopping nickel...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2005
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/3991/1/RaizulAzitaAbRashidMFS2005.pdf |
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| Summary: | A RAM cathode is composed of electronic manganese dioxide (EMD), graphite and additives whilst anode material which is based on zinc gel. Manganese dioxide, is a semiconductor which has conductivity range of 10-6 to 10-3 –1cm-1. This conductivity of EMD is expecting to increase by dopping nickel using the electroless nickel doping technique. This study is based on preparation of EMD-Ni with used materials SnCl2, PdCl2 and NiSO4 with different ratio. EMD-Ni 9 gave the highest result which used SnCl2 : PdCl2 : NiSO4 with ratio 1 : 0.68 : 1. Energy despersive analysis X-ray (EDAX) showed that EMD-Ni 9 gave the highest percentage i.e 29.53 %. Surface morphology study using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that electroless nickel doping gave the homogenous doping of nickel onto EMD-Ni 9. Conductivity measure measurement using the Van der Pauw method showed that EMD-Ni 9 gave the conductivity i.e 6.748 X 10-4 -1 cm-1. The crystallinites of the EMD-Ni 9 sample consisit of phosporus monoclinic and nickel cube. The crystallinites of the EMD-Ni 9 cause gave the highest conductivity and it is better than EMD before electroless nickel doping i.e 4.703 X 10-4 -1 cm-1 . From the gas hidrogen adsorption analysis, sample EMD-Ni 9 showed a meso porosity characteristics with the isothermal adsorption showing a Type IV. |
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