Calcium alginate caged multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the pre-concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples

Monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water samples is important for human protection due to the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of these compounds. A new technique termed dispersive micro solid phase extraction (D-µ-SPE) based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) caged in ca...

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Main Author:	Abboud, Ayad Sami
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2015
Subjects:	QD Chemistry
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/53674/25/AyadSamiAbboudMFS2015.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.536742020-09-01T02:08:51Z Calcium alginate caged multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the pre-concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples 2015-01 Abboud, Ayad Sami QD Chemistry Monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water samples is important for human protection due to the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of these compounds. A new technique termed dispersive micro solid phase extraction (D-µ-SPE) based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) caged in calcium alginate (Ca+2-Alg) was developed and applied for efficient extraction of PAHs from environmental water samples. The prepared adsorbent (Ca-Alg-MWCNTs) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermal gravimetry analysis. The hydrophilicity of the Ca+2-Alg cage enhances the dispersibility of the adsorbent in water samples and the MWCNTs core facilitates separation of PAHs. The composite beads not only make full use of the good PAHs adsorption properties of alginate and MWCNTs, but also prevent MWCNTs from breaking off from the composites to cause secondary micro-pollution to water. The proposed D-µ-SPE method was applied successfully for the extraction of selected PAHs from environmental water samples. The D-µ-SPE technique provides reasonable extraction time (30 min) to extract trace levels of PAHs from 100 mL of water samples with 100 mg of adsorbent. The extracted PAHs were desorbed by 0.1 mL of ethyl acetate to give enrichment factor of 1000. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits for fluorene, phenanthrene and fluoranthrene were 0.42 ng mL-1, 0.3 ng mL-1 and 0.22 ng mL-1, respectively. The recoveries of several spiked real water samples for PAHs were in the range of 71.2-104.2% with good relative standard deviations (1.2% - 7.2%), showing good reproducibility of the method. The potential benefits of the D-µ-SPE using Ca-Alg-MWCNTs include high extraction efficiency, short analysis time and convenient extraction procedure. Thus D-µ-SPE method based on Ca-Alg-MWCNTs is a suitable candidate for use as an alternative adsorbent in the simultaneous pre-concentration of PAHs from environmental water samples. 2015-01 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/53674/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/53674/25/AyadSamiAbboudMFS2015.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:85576 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Science Faculty of Science
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QD Chemistry
spellingShingle	QD Chemistry Abboud, Ayad Sami Calcium alginate caged multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the pre-concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples
description	Monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water samples is important for human protection due to the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of these compounds. A new technique termed dispersive micro solid phase extraction (D-µ-SPE) based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) caged in calcium alginate (Ca+2-Alg) was developed and applied for efficient extraction of PAHs from environmental water samples. The prepared adsorbent (Ca-Alg-MWCNTs) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermal gravimetry analysis. The hydrophilicity of the Ca+2-Alg cage enhances the dispersibility of the adsorbent in water samples and the MWCNTs core facilitates separation of PAHs. The composite beads not only make full use of the good PAHs adsorption properties of alginate and MWCNTs, but also prevent MWCNTs from breaking off from the composites to cause secondary micro-pollution to water. The proposed D-µ-SPE method was applied successfully for the extraction of selected PAHs from environmental water samples. The D-µ-SPE technique provides reasonable extraction time (30 min) to extract trace levels of PAHs from 100 mL of water samples with 100 mg of adsorbent. The extracted PAHs were desorbed by 0.1 mL of ethyl acetate to give enrichment factor of 1000. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits for fluorene, phenanthrene and fluoranthrene were 0.42 ng mL-1, 0.3 ng mL-1 and 0.22 ng mL-1, respectively. The recoveries of several spiked real water samples for PAHs were in the range of 71.2-104.2% with good relative standard deviations (1.2% - 7.2%), showing good reproducibility of the method. The potential benefits of the D-µ-SPE using Ca-Alg-MWCNTs include high extraction efficiency, short analysis time and convenient extraction procedure. Thus D-µ-SPE method based on Ca-Alg-MWCNTs is a suitable candidate for use as an alternative adsorbent in the simultaneous pre-concentration of PAHs from environmental water samples.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Abboud, Ayad Sami
author_facet	Abboud, Ayad Sami
author_sort	Abboud, Ayad Sami
title	Calcium alginate caged multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the pre-concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples
title_short	Calcium alginate caged multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the pre-concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples
title_full	Calcium alginate caged multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the pre-concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples
title_fullStr	Calcium alginate caged multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the pre-concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples
title_full_unstemmed	Calcium alginate caged multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the pre-concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples
title_sort	calcium alginate caged multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the pre-concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Science
granting_department	Faculty of Science
publishDate	2015
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/53674/25/AyadSamiAbboudMFS2015.pdf
_version_	1747817609509732352

Calcium alginate caged multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the pre-concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples

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