Effective microorganisms on organic matter with carbon and nitrogen mineralisation for empty fruit bunches composting

This project aims to investigate the effect of Effective Microorganisms (EM) on the composting of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) through organic matter degradation with carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) mineralisation by comparing the control sample (CTL) of EFB with no EM treatment and the EM-treated E...

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Main Author:	Chien, Cassendra Bong Phun
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2015
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54003/1/CassendraBongPhunChienMFCHe2015.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.540032020-10-14T08:42:23Z Effective microorganisms on organic matter with carbon and nitrogen mineralisation for empty fruit bunches composting 2015-04 Chien, Cassendra Bong Phun TP Chemical technology This project aims to investigate the effect of Effective Microorganisms (EM) on the composting of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) through organic matter degradation with carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) mineralisation by comparing the control sample (CTL) of EFB with no EM treatment and the EM-treated EFB sample (ETC). The maximum C mineralisation for CTL and ETC was recorded as 671.4 ± 86.55 mg CO2 Ckg-1d-1 on day one and 713.5 ± 68.5mg CO2 Ckg-1d-1 on day two respectively. ETC had C mineralisation remained significantly higher than CTL from day 28 until day 40 before falling on day 41 and became on par with CTL. The total organic matter loss was 3.75 ± 1.35% for CTL and 10.78 ± 3.77% for ETC. This resulted in a total mineralised C of 32.97 ± 2.25% and 37.7 ± 2.53% total organic carbon for CTL and ETC, respectively. For N mineralisation, the presence of NH4 + in early stage followed by NO3 - dominance on later stage indicated successful composting. CTL had final value of 0.1 and ETC had 0.04 for NH4 +/NO3 - ratio. For curve fitting, first order kinetic model and first order exponential model were chosen as they were showed to better describe mineralization for recalcitrant organic matter by other studies. The first order exponential model showed better fit with p-value of 0.275 as compared to the first order model with p-value of 0.981 in this work. First order kineitc model failed to describe the N mineralisation with a high p-value of 0.989. The unfitness of models could be due to insufficient data over limited experimental time and sampling error for heterogenous materials. This study showed that both CTL and ETC were able to produce mature compost but ETC had better performance on the efficiency of EFB composting based on organic matter degradation, C and N mineralisation coupled with several others parameters (C/N, temperature, pH and microbial profile). 2015-04 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54003/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54003/1/CassendraBongPhunChienMFCHe2015.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:85911 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Chien, Cassendra Bong Phun Effective microorganisms on organic matter with carbon and nitrogen mineralisation for empty fruit bunches composting
description	This project aims to investigate the effect of Effective Microorganisms (EM) on the composting of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) through organic matter degradation with carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) mineralisation by comparing the control sample (CTL) of EFB with no EM treatment and the EM-treated EFB sample (ETC). The maximum C mineralisation for CTL and ETC was recorded as 671.4 ± 86.55 mg CO2 Ckg-1d-1 on day one and 713.5 ± 68.5mg CO2 Ckg-1d-1 on day two respectively. ETC had C mineralisation remained significantly higher than CTL from day 28 until day 40 before falling on day 41 and became on par with CTL. The total organic matter loss was 3.75 ± 1.35% for CTL and 10.78 ± 3.77% for ETC. This resulted in a total mineralised C of 32.97 ± 2.25% and 37.7 ± 2.53% total organic carbon for CTL and ETC, respectively. For N mineralisation, the presence of NH4 + in early stage followed by NO3 - dominance on later stage indicated successful composting. CTL had final value of 0.1 and ETC had 0.04 for NH4 +/NO3 - ratio. For curve fitting, first order kinetic model and first order exponential model were chosen as they were showed to better describe mineralization for recalcitrant organic matter by other studies. The first order exponential model showed better fit with p-value of 0.275 as compared to the first order model with p-value of 0.981 in this work. First order kineitc model failed to describe the N mineralisation with a high p-value of 0.989. The unfitness of models could be due to insufficient data over limited experimental time and sampling error for heterogenous materials. This study showed that both CTL and ETC were able to produce mature compost but ETC had better performance on the efficiency of EFB composting based on organic matter degradation, C and N mineralisation coupled with several others parameters (C/N, temperature, pH and microbial profile).
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Chien, Cassendra Bong Phun
author_facet	Chien, Cassendra Bong Phun
author_sort	Chien, Cassendra Bong Phun
title	Effective microorganisms on organic matter with carbon and nitrogen mineralisation for empty fruit bunches composting
title_short	Effective microorganisms on organic matter with carbon and nitrogen mineralisation for empty fruit bunches composting
title_full	Effective microorganisms on organic matter with carbon and nitrogen mineralisation for empty fruit bunches composting
title_fullStr	Effective microorganisms on organic matter with carbon and nitrogen mineralisation for empty fruit bunches composting
title_full_unstemmed	Effective microorganisms on organic matter with carbon and nitrogen mineralisation for empty fruit bunches composting
title_sort	effective microorganisms on organic matter with carbon and nitrogen mineralisation for empty fruit bunches composting
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Chemical Engineering
publishDate	2015
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54003/1/CassendraBongPhunChienMFCHe2015.pdf
_version_	1747817671353696256

Effective microorganisms on organic matter with carbon and nitrogen mineralisation for empty fruit bunches composting

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