Preparation and characterization of radiation grafted fibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal

Water contamination with boron is currently increasing due to its multiple uses in various chemical industries and this poses threats to the environment and human health. Removal of boron by ion exchange resin is the most suitable technology but it is challenged by high cost of resins and slow kinet...

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Main Author:	Ting, Teo Ming
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2015
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54683/1/TingTeoMingPFChE2015.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.546832017-10-08T11:25:43Z Preparation and characterization of radiation grafted fibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal 2015-06 Ting, Teo Ming TP Chemical technology Water contamination with boron is currently increasing due to its multiple uses in various chemical industries and this poses threats to the environment and human health. Removal of boron by ion exchange resin is the most suitable technology but it is challenged by high cost of resins and slow kinetics. To overcome this problem, a new fibrous adsorbent containing glucamine for removal of boron from solutions was prepared by radiation induced graft copolymerization (RIGC) of vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) onto nylon-6 fibers followed by functionalisation with N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG). The best combination of grafting parameters required for achieving the highest degree of grafting (DG) was determined. The density of glucamine loaded in the adsorbent was tuned by optimisation of the reaction parameters using response surface methodology (RSM) employing Box–Behnken design (BBD). The obtained adsorbent was characterized using various materials and analytical research techniques (scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and mechanical tester) to confirm the incorporation of poly(VBC) and glucamine groups and to evaluate the impact of preparation procedure on the adsorbent’s physico-mechanical properties. The performance of the fibrous adsorbent under various conditions pertaining to equilibrium isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics of boron adsorption from aqueous solutions were evaluated using relevant models. The DG was found to be a function of reaction parameters and could be tuned to 130% at 20 wt% VBC concentration in methanol, 300 kGy absorbed dose, 30 °C and 3 h. The optimum parameters for achieving a glucamine density of 1.7 mmol/g in the adsorbent are 10.6%, 81 oC, 47 min and 121% for NMDG concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time and DG, respectively. The deviation between the optimum experimental and predicted glucamine density is found to be 1.2% suggesting the reliability of RSM in predicting the yield and optimising the functionalisation reaction parameters. The boron adsorption equilibrium followed Redlich-Peterson isotherm. Moreover, the adsorption is governed by a film diffusion mechanism and occurs spontaneously. The results of this study suggest that a new fibrous adsorbent having a higher adsorption capacity and faster kinetics than commercial granular resin is obtained and has the potential application in boron removal from aqueous solutions. 2015-06 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54683/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54683/1/TingTeoMingPFChE2015.pdf application/pdf en public phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Ting, Teo Ming Preparation and characterization of radiation grafted fibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal
description	Water contamination with boron is currently increasing due to its multiple uses in various chemical industries and this poses threats to the environment and human health. Removal of boron by ion exchange resin is the most suitable technology but it is challenged by high cost of resins and slow kinetics. To overcome this problem, a new fibrous adsorbent containing glucamine for removal of boron from solutions was prepared by radiation induced graft copolymerization (RIGC) of vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) onto nylon-6 fibers followed by functionalisation with N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG). The best combination of grafting parameters required for achieving the highest degree of grafting (DG) was determined. The density of glucamine loaded in the adsorbent was tuned by optimisation of the reaction parameters using response surface methodology (RSM) employing Box–Behnken design (BBD). The obtained adsorbent was characterized using various materials and analytical research techniques (scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and mechanical tester) to confirm the incorporation of poly(VBC) and glucamine groups and to evaluate the impact of preparation procedure on the adsorbent’s physico-mechanical properties. The performance of the fibrous adsorbent under various conditions pertaining to equilibrium isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics of boron adsorption from aqueous solutions were evaluated using relevant models. The DG was found to be a function of reaction parameters and could be tuned to 130% at 20 wt% VBC concentration in methanol, 300 kGy absorbed dose, 30 °C and 3 h. The optimum parameters for achieving a glucamine density of 1.7 mmol/g in the adsorbent are 10.6%, 81 oC, 47 min and 121% for NMDG concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time and DG, respectively. The deviation between the optimum experimental and predicted glucamine density is found to be 1.2% suggesting the reliability of RSM in predicting the yield and optimising the functionalisation reaction parameters. The boron adsorption equilibrium followed Redlich-Peterson isotherm. Moreover, the adsorption is governed by a film diffusion mechanism and occurs spontaneously. The results of this study suggest that a new fibrous adsorbent having a higher adsorption capacity and faster kinetics than commercial granular resin is obtained and has the potential application in boron removal from aqueous solutions.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Ting, Teo Ming
author_facet	Ting, Teo Ming
author_sort	Ting, Teo Ming
title	Preparation and characterization of radiation grafted fibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal
title_short	Preparation and characterization of radiation grafted fibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal
title_full	Preparation and characterization of radiation grafted fibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal
title_fullStr	Preparation and characterization of radiation grafted fibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal
title_full_unstemmed	Preparation and characterization of radiation grafted fibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal
title_sort	preparation and characterization of radiation grafted fibrous adsorbent containing n-methyl-d-glucamine for boron removal
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Chemical Engineering
publishDate	2015
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54683/1/TingTeoMingPFChE2015.pdf
_version_	1747817702156664832

Preparation and characterization of radiation grafted fibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal

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