Electrosynthesis of zinc oxide-copper oxide supported on mesostructured silica nanoparticles for photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange

Electrosynthesis of zinc oxide-copper oxide supported on mesostructured silica nanoparticles for photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange

Photodecolorization of dyes using heterogeneous catalyst is an important process in wastewater treatment. In this study, an electrochemical method was used to load zinc oxide and copper oxide onto mesostructured silica nanoparticles (CuO-ZnO/MSN). The catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffrac...

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Main Author: Che Jusoh, Nurfatehah Wahyuny
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2015
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TP Chemical technology
Online Access:http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54838/1/NurfatehahWahyunyCheJusohPFChE2015.pdf
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spelling my-utm-ep.548382020-11-09T05:47:10Z Electrosynthesis of zinc oxide-copper oxide supported on mesostructured silica nanoparticles for photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange 2015-06 Che Jusoh, Nurfatehah Wahyuny TP Chemical technology Photodecolorization of dyes using heterogeneous catalyst is an important process in wastewater treatment. In this study, an electrochemical method was used to load zinc oxide and copper oxide onto mesostructured silica nanoparticles (CuO-ZnO/MSN). The catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (FESEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen (N2) adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 29Si magic angle spin nuclear magnetic resonance (29Si MAS NMR), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis/DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron spin resonance (ESR), photoluminescence (PL) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The effects of Zinc (Zn) loading, alkaline treatment of MSN and Copper (Cu) loading were investigated for photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange (MO) dye. Then, the optimization study was performed by response surface methodology (RSM) and the potential of the best synthesized catalyst was tested on decolorization of simulated dye wastewater. From the result, 5 wt% ZnO loaded on MSN (ZnO/MSN) showed the highest photodecolorization rate (9.93 × 10-2 h-1) compared to 1 and 10 wt% ZnO/MSN, due to good dispersion of ZnO on the MSN surface. The alkaline treatment of MSN to load 5 wt% of ZnO catalyst (ZM) of using ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) (0.5-2.0 M) demonstrated that ZM prepared under 1.0 M NH4OH was the best catalyst that improved the photodecolorization rate up to 3.87 × 10-1 h-1. The formation of silicon-oxygen-zinc (Si-O-Zn) with new silicon-oxygen-silicon (Si-O-Si) bonds and creation of oxygen vacancies became the main factors that enhanced the photocatalytic performance. The introduction of Cu as a second metal (1, 3 and 5 wt%) onto ZM catalyst (C-ZM) showed the existence of a synergistic effect between both metal oxides by increasing the formation of Si-O-metal bonds, oxygen vacancies and lowering band gap energy. The high decolorization rate of MO was achieved (1.282 h-1), which resulted in 99.5 % of photodecolorization when using 1.0 g L-1 of 3 wt% CuO (3C-ZM) at pH 2 of MO solution. From the RSM experiments, a complete decolorization of MO was predicted (99.99 %) at the optimum conditions of pH 3.5 using 1.6 g L-1 of 4 wt% CuO (4C-ZM) catalyst. Lastly, the high decolorization of simulated dye wastewater (>75 %) using CuO-ZnO/MSN catalyst proved that the modifications of ZnO would have great significance in the synthesis and developing the various catalysts for wastewater treatment as well as for other applications. 2015-06 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54838/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54838/1/NurfatehahWahyunyCheJusohPFChE2015.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:95611 phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Engineering
institution Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection UTM Institutional Repository
language English
topic TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle TP Chemical technology
Che Jusoh, Nurfatehah Wahyuny
Electrosynthesis of zinc oxide-copper oxide supported on mesostructured silica nanoparticles for photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange
description Photodecolorization of dyes using heterogeneous catalyst is an important process in wastewater treatment. In this study, an electrochemical method was used to load zinc oxide and copper oxide onto mesostructured silica nanoparticles (CuO-ZnO/MSN). The catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (FESEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen (N2) adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 29Si magic angle spin nuclear magnetic resonance (29Si MAS NMR), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis/DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron spin resonance (ESR), photoluminescence (PL) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The effects of Zinc (Zn) loading, alkaline treatment of MSN and Copper (Cu) loading were investigated for photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange (MO) dye. Then, the optimization study was performed by response surface methodology (RSM) and the potential of the best synthesized catalyst was tested on decolorization of simulated dye wastewater. From the result, 5 wt% ZnO loaded on MSN (ZnO/MSN) showed the highest photodecolorization rate (9.93 × 10-2 h-1) compared to 1 and 10 wt% ZnO/MSN, due to good dispersion of ZnO on the MSN surface. The alkaline treatment of MSN to load 5 wt% of ZnO catalyst (ZM) of using ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) (0.5-2.0 M) demonstrated that ZM prepared under 1.0 M NH4OH was the best catalyst that improved the photodecolorization rate up to 3.87 × 10-1 h-1. The formation of silicon-oxygen-zinc (Si-O-Zn) with new silicon-oxygen-silicon (Si-O-Si) bonds and creation of oxygen vacancies became the main factors that enhanced the photocatalytic performance. The introduction of Cu as a second metal (1, 3 and 5 wt%) onto ZM catalyst (C-ZM) showed the existence of a synergistic effect between both metal oxides by increasing the formation of Si-O-metal bonds, oxygen vacancies and lowering band gap energy. The high decolorization rate of MO was achieved (1.282 h-1), which resulted in 99.5 % of photodecolorization when using 1.0 g L-1 of 3 wt% CuO (3C-ZM) at pH 2 of MO solution. From the RSM experiments, a complete decolorization of MO was predicted (99.99 %) at the optimum conditions of pH 3.5 using 1.6 g L-1 of 4 wt% CuO (4C-ZM) catalyst. Lastly, the high decolorization of simulated dye wastewater (>75 %) using CuO-ZnO/MSN catalyst proved that the modifications of ZnO would have great significance in the synthesis and developing the various catalysts for wastewater treatment as well as for other applications.
format Thesis
qualification_name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level Doctorate
author Che Jusoh, Nurfatehah Wahyuny
author_facet Che Jusoh, Nurfatehah Wahyuny
author_sort Che Jusoh, Nurfatehah Wahyuny
title Electrosynthesis of zinc oxide-copper oxide supported on mesostructured silica nanoparticles for photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange
title_short Electrosynthesis of zinc oxide-copper oxide supported on mesostructured silica nanoparticles for photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange
title_full Electrosynthesis of zinc oxide-copper oxide supported on mesostructured silica nanoparticles for photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange
title_fullStr Electrosynthesis of zinc oxide-copper oxide supported on mesostructured silica nanoparticles for photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange
title_full_unstemmed Electrosynthesis of zinc oxide-copper oxide supported on mesostructured silica nanoparticles for photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange
title_sort electrosynthesis of zinc oxide-copper oxide supported on mesostructured silica nanoparticles for photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange
granting_institution Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical Engineering
granting_department Faculty of Chemical Engineering
publishDate 2015
url http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54838/1/NurfatehahWahyunyCheJusohPFChE2015.pdf
_version_ 1747817739243749376

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