Lactic acid production from microwave-alkali pretreated oil palm trunk biomass using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation

Oil palm trunk (OPT) has never been used as a substrate in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) for lactic acid production due to the existence of lignin in lignocellulose which makes biomass difficult to be hydrolyzed by enzymes and microbes. Hence, when used as substrate, effective...

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Main Author:	Lai, Long Wee
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2015
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54923/1/LaiLongWee2015_PFChE2015.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.549232020-11-15T09:51:31Z Lactic acid production from microwave-alkali pretreated oil palm trunk biomass using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation 2015-11 Lai, Long Wee TP Chemical technology Oil palm trunk (OPT) has never been used as a substrate in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) for lactic acid production due to the existence of lignin in lignocellulose which makes biomass difficult to be hydrolyzed by enzymes and microbes. Hence, when used as substrate, effective pretreatment method is necessary so as to release the cellulose from complex crystalline structure. Production of lactic acid via SSF required compromising circumstances as microbe and enzyme perform best at different operating conditions. Present study demonstrated the production of lactic acid from microwave-alkali (Mw-A) pretreated OPT biomass by using cellulase, 1,4-ß-D-glucosidase and Rhizopus oryzae NRRL 395 through SSF process. The OPT biomass was treated using three different pretreatment methods: Mw-A, steam-alkali-chemical (SAC) and Mw-A + SAC techniques. Variations on physical and chemical constituents on OPT were analyzed. After pretreatment, results revealed higher amount of cellulose ( /100 biomass) was obtained for Mw-A sample, 71.88 as compared to Mw-A +SAC, 56.50 and SAC, 42.70. The 72 enzymatic saccharification revealed that accumulated glucose amount (Mw-A sample) was 4.86-fold as compared to untreated substrate. The values of enzyme kinetics parameters: Lineweaver-Burk method ( =3.682 , =4.750 ) were in close agreement with non-linear regression ( =3.422 , =4.710 ), obeying Michaelis-Menten model. Experimental design on SSF was performed by response surface methodology (RSM) using face centered central composite design. The influence of three independent variables: temperature (32–42 ), pH (4–6) and enzyme ratio (3:1–7:1) on lactic acid production were investigated. When temperature, pH and enzyme ratio were set to 36.11 , 4.56 and 5:1; experimental value was in good agreement with RSM model prediction where lactic acid production at 6.632 ± 0.032 was achieved. By performing Mw-A pretreatment; treated OPT substrate was easy to be utilized in SSF process for the production of lactic acid. 2015-11 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54923/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54923/1/LaiLongWee2015_PFChE2015.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:97556 phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Lai, Long Wee Lactic acid production from microwave-alkali pretreated oil palm trunk biomass using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
description	Oil palm trunk (OPT) has never been used as a substrate in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) for lactic acid production due to the existence of lignin in lignocellulose which makes biomass difficult to be hydrolyzed by enzymes and microbes. Hence, when used as substrate, effective pretreatment method is necessary so as to release the cellulose from complex crystalline structure. Production of lactic acid via SSF required compromising circumstances as microbe and enzyme perform best at different operating conditions. Present study demonstrated the production of lactic acid from microwave-alkali (Mw-A) pretreated OPT biomass by using cellulase, 1,4-ß-D-glucosidase and Rhizopus oryzae NRRL 395 through SSF process. The OPT biomass was treated using three different pretreatment methods: Mw-A, steam-alkali-chemical (SAC) and Mw-A + SAC techniques. Variations on physical and chemical constituents on OPT were analyzed. After pretreatment, results revealed higher amount of cellulose ( /100 biomass) was obtained for Mw-A sample, 71.88 as compared to Mw-A +SAC, 56.50 and SAC, 42.70. The 72 enzymatic saccharification revealed that accumulated glucose amount (Mw-A sample) was 4.86-fold as compared to untreated substrate. The values of enzyme kinetics parameters: Lineweaver-Burk method ( =3.682 , =4.750 ) were in close agreement with non-linear regression ( =3.422 , =4.710 ), obeying Michaelis-Menten model. Experimental design on SSF was performed by response surface methodology (RSM) using face centered central composite design. The influence of three independent variables: temperature (32–42 ), pH (4–6) and enzyme ratio (3:1–7:1) on lactic acid production were investigated. When temperature, pH and enzyme ratio were set to 36.11 , 4.56 and 5:1; experimental value was in good agreement with RSM model prediction where lactic acid production at 6.632 ± 0.032 was achieved. By performing Mw-A pretreatment; treated OPT substrate was easy to be utilized in SSF process for the production of lactic acid.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Lai, Long Wee
author_facet	Lai, Long Wee
author_sort	Lai, Long Wee
title	Lactic acid production from microwave-alkali pretreated oil palm trunk biomass using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
title_short	Lactic acid production from microwave-alkali pretreated oil palm trunk biomass using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
title_full	Lactic acid production from microwave-alkali pretreated oil palm trunk biomass using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
title_fullStr	Lactic acid production from microwave-alkali pretreated oil palm trunk biomass using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
title_full_unstemmed	Lactic acid production from microwave-alkali pretreated oil palm trunk biomass using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
title_sort	lactic acid production from microwave-alkali pretreated oil palm trunk biomass using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Chemical Engineering
publishDate	2015
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/54923/1/LaiLongWee2015_PFChE2015.pdf
_version_	1747817751585488896

Lactic acid production from microwave-alkali pretreated oil palm trunk biomass using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation

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