Bioethanol production from sago palm waste as an alternative fuel for automotive engines

The increasing demands of petroleum fuels, together with the environmental pollution issues, have motivated the efforts on discovering new alternative fuels. Bioethanol produced from biomass is considered as one of the important alternatives for petroleum fuels. In Sarawak, wastes from sago factorie...

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Main Author:	Thangavelu, Saravana Kannan
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2016
Subjects:	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/77905/1/SaravanaKannanThangaveluPFKM2016.pdf
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id	my-utm-ep.77905
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-utm-ep.779052018-07-18T04:11:21Z Bioethanol production from sago palm waste as an alternative fuel for automotive engines 2016-01 Thangavelu, Saravana Kannan TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery The increasing demands of petroleum fuels, together with the environmental pollution issues, have motivated the efforts on discovering new alternative fuels. Bioethanol produced from biomass is considered as one of the important alternatives for petroleum fuels. In Sarawak, wastes from sago factories are currently causing serious environment problems. These wastes can be used as favourable feedstock for bioethanol production. The purpose of this research is to produce bioethanol from sago palm waste, and study the effects of bioethanol on corrosion of materials, and performance and emissions of petrol engine. First, bioethanol was produced from sago pith waste (SPW) using microwave hydrothermal hydrolysis accelerated by CO2 (MHH) and microwave assisted acid hydrolysis (MAH). Bioethanol was also produced from sago bark waste (SBW) using microwave aided acid treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis (MAEH). Second, effect of bioethanol and gasoline blends on corrosion of materials was studied using static immersion test. Furthermore, corrosion of materials in biodiesel–diesel–ethanol (BDE) fuel blends was also studied. Finally, the effect of bioethanol on performance and emissions of petrol engine was studied. A maximum of 15.6 g and 30.8 g ethanol per 100 g dry SPW was produced using MHH and MAH, respectively. In addition, a maximum of 30.67 g ethanol was produced from 100 g dry SBW using MAEH. Corrosion of materials and degradation of fuel properties were 2.4 times higher in higher ethanol blends (above E25) compared to lower ethanol blends (up to E25). Corrosion and degradation of materials in BDE fuel blends was 1.7 times higher than petro-diesel. Petrol engine results showed that use of sago waste bioethanol (E25) significantly increased the engine power, torque, brake thermal efficiency, and mean effective pressure by about 4.5%, 4.3%, 9% and 4.2% compared to gasoline (E0), respectively. Emissions results showed a significant reduction in CO, NOx and HC emissions by about 42%, 7% and 5.2%, respectively for E25 compared to E0. This study acclaims that sago bioethanol is a feasible alternative to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels for the automotive industry. 2016-01 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/77905/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/77905/1/SaravanaKannanThangaveluPFKM2016.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:97591 phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
spellingShingle	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Thangavelu, Saravana Kannan Bioethanol production from sago palm waste as an alternative fuel for automotive engines
description	The increasing demands of petroleum fuels, together with the environmental pollution issues, have motivated the efforts on discovering new alternative fuels. Bioethanol produced from biomass is considered as one of the important alternatives for petroleum fuels. In Sarawak, wastes from sago factories are currently causing serious environment problems. These wastes can be used as favourable feedstock for bioethanol production. The purpose of this research is to produce bioethanol from sago palm waste, and study the effects of bioethanol on corrosion of materials, and performance and emissions of petrol engine. First, bioethanol was produced from sago pith waste (SPW) using microwave hydrothermal hydrolysis accelerated by CO2 (MHH) and microwave assisted acid hydrolysis (MAH). Bioethanol was also produced from sago bark waste (SBW) using microwave aided acid treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis (MAEH). Second, effect of bioethanol and gasoline blends on corrosion of materials was studied using static immersion test. Furthermore, corrosion of materials in biodiesel–diesel–ethanol (BDE) fuel blends was also studied. Finally, the effect of bioethanol on performance and emissions of petrol engine was studied. A maximum of 15.6 g and 30.8 g ethanol per 100 g dry SPW was produced using MHH and MAH, respectively. In addition, a maximum of 30.67 g ethanol was produced from 100 g dry SBW using MAEH. Corrosion of materials and degradation of fuel properties were 2.4 times higher in higher ethanol blends (above E25) compared to lower ethanol blends (up to E25). Corrosion and degradation of materials in BDE fuel blends was 1.7 times higher than petro-diesel. Petrol engine results showed that use of sago waste bioethanol (E25) significantly increased the engine power, torque, brake thermal efficiency, and mean effective pressure by about 4.5%, 4.3%, 9% and 4.2% compared to gasoline (E0), respectively. Emissions results showed a significant reduction in CO, NOx and HC emissions by about 42%, 7% and 5.2%, respectively for E25 compared to E0. This study acclaims that sago bioethanol is a feasible alternative to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels for the automotive industry.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Thangavelu, Saravana Kannan
author_facet	Thangavelu, Saravana Kannan
author_sort	Thangavelu, Saravana Kannan
title	Bioethanol production from sago palm waste as an alternative fuel for automotive engines
title_short	Bioethanol production from sago palm waste as an alternative fuel for automotive engines
title_full	Bioethanol production from sago palm waste as an alternative fuel for automotive engines
title_fullStr	Bioethanol production from sago palm waste as an alternative fuel for automotive engines
title_full_unstemmed	Bioethanol production from sago palm waste as an alternative fuel for automotive engines
title_sort	bioethanol production from sago palm waste as an alternative fuel for automotive engines
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
publishDate	2016
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/77905/1/SaravanaKannanThangaveluPFKM2016.pdf
_version_	1747817859789094912

Bioethanol production from sago palm waste as an alternative fuel for automotive engines

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