Mechanical, thermal and morphological studies of epoxidized palm oil / unsaturated polyester / montmorillonite composites

Nanocomposite consisting of natural fibre reinforced thermoset/vegetable oil/montmorillonite (MMT) nanofiller resin is among the latest technologies in nanocomposites production. It has contributed to better environment and increase the sustainability of the composite materials. To tap the abundance...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Mustapha, Siti Noor Hidayah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2016
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78558/1/SitiNoorHidayahPFChE2016.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-utm-ep.78558
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-utm-ep.785582018-08-29T07:51:14Z Mechanical, thermal and morphological studies of epoxidized palm oil / unsaturated polyester / montmorillonite composites 2016-01 Mustapha, Siti Noor Hidayah TP Chemical technology Nanocomposite consisting of natural fibre reinforced thermoset/vegetable oil/montmorillonite (MMT) nanofiller resin is among the latest technologies in nanocomposites production. It has contributed to better environment and increase the sustainability of the composite materials. To tap the abundance of palm oil in Malaysia, this study was conducted to produce a novel composite of kenaf fibre reinforced unsaturated polyester (UPE)/epoxidized palm oil (EPO)/MMT by resin transfer moulding (RTM) followed by oven curing. Benzoyl peroxide was used as an initiator and the composition was kept constant at 1.5 phr. The compositions of UPE/EPO resin were varied at 90/10, 80/20, 70/30 wt % and the MMT nanoclay were varied at 1, 1.5 and 2 phr for each formulation. The effects of different loading ratios of EPO and MMT in UPE/EPO/MMT and the different RTM mould angles in kenaf fibre reinforced UPE/EPO/MMT composite were studied in particular mechanical, morphology, thermal, and water absorption properties of the resin and composite. Pre-characterisations of UPE/EPO resin were carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The results revealed that the oxirane rings of EPO were successfully opened and the resin successfully crosslinked at applied curing temperature. The addition of EPO has caused a decrease in glass transition temperature, tensile, flexural properties and an increase in elongation at break and impact strength, which indicated an increase in mobility and toughness of UPE chain. UPE/EPO blends also exhibited higher thermal stability than neat UPE. The addition of MMT nanoclay enhanced the mechanical and thermal properties of the resin. The optimum balance properties were obtained for UPE at 10 wt % EPO and 1.5 phr MMT nanoclay loadings. The best formulation was then carried out at 0º, 30º and 45º RTM mould angle with kenaf fibre reinforcement. 30º RTM mould angle gave the highest mechanical and thermal properties of the resulted kenaf fibre reinforced UPE/EPO/MMT composite. 2016-01 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78558/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78558/1/SitiNoorHidayahPFChE2016.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:97395 phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Mustapha, Siti Noor Hidayah Mechanical, thermal and morphological studies of epoxidized palm oil / unsaturated polyester / montmorillonite composites
description	Nanocomposite consisting of natural fibre reinforced thermoset/vegetable oil/montmorillonite (MMT) nanofiller resin is among the latest technologies in nanocomposites production. It has contributed to better environment and increase the sustainability of the composite materials. To tap the abundance of palm oil in Malaysia, this study was conducted to produce a novel composite of kenaf fibre reinforced unsaturated polyester (UPE)/epoxidized palm oil (EPO)/MMT by resin transfer moulding (RTM) followed by oven curing. Benzoyl peroxide was used as an initiator and the composition was kept constant at 1.5 phr. The compositions of UPE/EPO resin were varied at 90/10, 80/20, 70/30 wt % and the MMT nanoclay were varied at 1, 1.5 and 2 phr for each formulation. The effects of different loading ratios of EPO and MMT in UPE/EPO/MMT and the different RTM mould angles in kenaf fibre reinforced UPE/EPO/MMT composite were studied in particular mechanical, morphology, thermal, and water absorption properties of the resin and composite. Pre-characterisations of UPE/EPO resin were carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The results revealed that the oxirane rings of EPO were successfully opened and the resin successfully crosslinked at applied curing temperature. The addition of EPO has caused a decrease in glass transition temperature, tensile, flexural properties and an increase in elongation at break and impact strength, which indicated an increase in mobility and toughness of UPE chain. UPE/EPO blends also exhibited higher thermal stability than neat UPE. The addition of MMT nanoclay enhanced the mechanical and thermal properties of the resin. The optimum balance properties were obtained for UPE at 10 wt % EPO and 1.5 phr MMT nanoclay loadings. The best formulation was then carried out at 0º, 30º and 45º RTM mould angle with kenaf fibre reinforcement. 30º RTM mould angle gave the highest mechanical and thermal properties of the resulted kenaf fibre reinforced UPE/EPO/MMT composite.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Mustapha, Siti Noor Hidayah
author_facet	Mustapha, Siti Noor Hidayah
author_sort	Mustapha, Siti Noor Hidayah
title	Mechanical, thermal and morphological studies of epoxidized palm oil / unsaturated polyester / montmorillonite composites
title_short	Mechanical, thermal and morphological studies of epoxidized palm oil / unsaturated polyester / montmorillonite composites
title_full	Mechanical, thermal and morphological studies of epoxidized palm oil / unsaturated polyester / montmorillonite composites
title_fullStr	Mechanical, thermal and morphological studies of epoxidized palm oil / unsaturated polyester / montmorillonite composites
title_full_unstemmed	Mechanical, thermal and morphological studies of epoxidized palm oil / unsaturated polyester / montmorillonite composites
title_sort	mechanical, thermal and morphological studies of epoxidized palm oil / unsaturated polyester / montmorillonite composites
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Chemical Engineering
publishDate	2016
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78558/1/SitiNoorHidayahPFChE2016.pdf
_version_	1747818014771773440

Mechanical, thermal and morphological studies of epoxidized palm oil / unsaturated polyester / montmorillonite composites

Similar Items