Synthesis and optimization of micro-sized bacterial-based violet pigment using response surface methodology

Violet pigments, extracted from a bacteria known as Chromobacterium violaceum, has raised the enthusiasm of researchers in conducting comprehensive studies on these pigments due to their diverse biological activities include antibacterial and antioxidant properties. There is, however, a limitation r...

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Main Author:	Mohd. Yatim, Haryani
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2017
Subjects:	QD Chemistry
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78581/1/HaryaniMohdYatimMFS2017.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.785812018-08-29T07:33:49Z Synthesis and optimization of micro-sized bacterial-based violet pigment using response surface methodology 2017-01 Mohd. Yatim, Haryani QD Chemistry Violet pigments, extracted from a bacteria known as Chromobacterium violaceum, has raised the enthusiasm of researchers in conducting comprehensive studies on these pigments due to their diverse biological activities include antibacterial and antioxidant properties. There is, however, a limitation related with the solubility of the violet pigment, by which it is commonly dissolved in toxic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and methanol instead of being soluble in biological fluids and water. This approach did not synchronized with the public demands for products that are both eco-friendly and safe towards the environment and human body. Hence, this study provides a method to synthesise the violet pigment in microscale through an encapsulation technique using chitosan-tripolyphosphate (TPP) microparticles. Owing to the exceptional properties of high surface to volume ratio of microparticles, the solubility of the violet pigment in water and biological fluid could be improved. The synthesis of microparticles in this study involved ionic gelation between chitosan and TPP, in which several parameters were taken into consideration in order to control the dispersion stability of the violet pigment in the suspension. It is well known that particles in microscale will tend to aggregate, thus causing diminution of their biological activities. Therefore, preparation parameters, including the concentration of chitosan, tripolyphosphate (TPP) and pigment as well as the mass ratio of chitosan to TPP, were optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The aim was to obtain small particles size down to microscale with low range of polydispersity index (PDI) and high zeta potential. Minimum particle size of 149.0 nm with polydispersity index of 0.367 and zeta potential of +23.40 mV was obtained at the optimal formulations of 2.33 mg/mL of Cs, 1.5 mg/mL of TPP and 1 ppm of violet pigment and at mass ratio of chitosan:TPP of 7:1 2017-01 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78581/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78581/1/HaryaniMohdYatimMFS2017.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:109751 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Science Faculty of Science
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QD Chemistry
spellingShingle	QD Chemistry Mohd. Yatim, Haryani Synthesis and optimization of micro-sized bacterial-based violet pigment using response surface methodology
description	Violet pigments, extracted from a bacteria known as Chromobacterium violaceum, has raised the enthusiasm of researchers in conducting comprehensive studies on these pigments due to their diverse biological activities include antibacterial and antioxidant properties. There is, however, a limitation related with the solubility of the violet pigment, by which it is commonly dissolved in toxic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and methanol instead of being soluble in biological fluids and water. This approach did not synchronized with the public demands for products that are both eco-friendly and safe towards the environment and human body. Hence, this study provides a method to synthesise the violet pigment in microscale through an encapsulation technique using chitosan-tripolyphosphate (TPP) microparticles. Owing to the exceptional properties of high surface to volume ratio of microparticles, the solubility of the violet pigment in water and biological fluid could be improved. The synthesis of microparticles in this study involved ionic gelation between chitosan and TPP, in which several parameters were taken into consideration in order to control the dispersion stability of the violet pigment in the suspension. It is well known that particles in microscale will tend to aggregate, thus causing diminution of their biological activities. Therefore, preparation parameters, including the concentration of chitosan, tripolyphosphate (TPP) and pigment as well as the mass ratio of chitosan to TPP, were optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The aim was to obtain small particles size down to microscale with low range of polydispersity index (PDI) and high zeta potential. Minimum particle size of 149.0 nm with polydispersity index of 0.367 and zeta potential of +23.40 mV was obtained at the optimal formulations of 2.33 mg/mL of Cs, 1.5 mg/mL of TPP and 1 ppm of violet pigment and at mass ratio of chitosan:TPP of 7:1
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Mohd. Yatim, Haryani
author_facet	Mohd. Yatim, Haryani
author_sort	Mohd. Yatim, Haryani
title	Synthesis and optimization of micro-sized bacterial-based violet pigment using response surface methodology
title_short	Synthesis and optimization of micro-sized bacterial-based violet pigment using response surface methodology
title_full	Synthesis and optimization of micro-sized bacterial-based violet pigment using response surface methodology
title_fullStr	Synthesis and optimization of micro-sized bacterial-based violet pigment using response surface methodology
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis and optimization of micro-sized bacterial-based violet pigment using response surface methodology
title_sort	synthesis and optimization of micro-sized bacterial-based violet pigment using response surface methodology
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Science
granting_department	Faculty of Science
publishDate	2017
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78581/1/HaryaniMohdYatimMFS2017.pdf
_version_	1747818020539990016

Synthesis and optimization of micro-sized bacterial-based violet pigment using response surface methodology

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