Tertiary treatment of palm oil mill effluent using sequential batch reactor

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a liquid by-product of palm oil processing. Today, most palm oil mills in Malaysia have adopted ponding treatment system as a primary and secondary treatment of POME. However, this system alone is not sufficient in producing treated effluent that can fulfil the efflu...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Ahmad Abdul Wahab, Nurul Shakila
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2017
Subjects:	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General)
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78960/1/NurulShakilaAhmadMFKA2017.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-utm-ep.78960
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-utm-ep.789602018-09-19T05:13:09Z Tertiary treatment of palm oil mill effluent using sequential batch reactor 2017-03 Ahmad Abdul Wahab, Nurul Shakila TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a liquid by-product of palm oil processing. Today, most palm oil mills in Malaysia have adopted ponding treatment system as a primary and secondary treatment of POME. However, this system alone is not sufficient in producing treated effluent that can fulfil the effluent discharge standards. This study was therefore conducted to investigate the feasibility of sequencing batch reactor (SBR) as a tertiary treatment for POME. The study started with examining the effectiveness of ponding treatment system at Pertubuhan Peladang Negeri Johor (PPNJ) Kahang Palm Oil Mill in treating POME and the effect of average rainfall, quantity and quality of the processed fresh fruit bunch (FFB) on raw POME characteristics and ponding treatment system performance. This was followed by the assessment of SBR performance at both laboratory and pilot-scale. The SBR operations were evaluated during its acclimatisation stage as well as the effects of organic loading rate (OLR) and food over microorganism ratio (F/M) on the SBR treatment performance. It was found that PPNJ ponding treatment system, which comprised of five ponds are efficient for POME treatment. The average removal in terms of Total Chemical Oxygen Demand (TCOD), Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand (SCOD), Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) was 96%, 96%, 86%, 96% and 95%, respectively. However, even though the removal percentage was high, only pH and TN fulfilled the Department of Environment (DOE) effluent discharge standards, whereas the concentration of TSS and TCOD in the treated effluent exceeded the allowable limit. The ponding treatment system was also incapable to decolourise POME and it increased the concentration of Ammonia-Nitrogen (NH3-N) in the treated effluent. Both quantity and quality of processed FFB affected the colour intensity in POME. The average rainfall has minor effect on TP removal, while the quantity of FFB processed influenced SCOD, TCOD and colour removal by the ponding treatment system. Rainfall variation and quantity of processed FFB were found not to significantly affect the removal of TN, TSS and NH3-N by the ponding treatment system. When the partially digested POME was further treated using laboratoryscale SBR, the removal of SCOD ranged from 5 to about 49% with an average of 27%. The best OLR and F/M ratio for the laboratory-scale SBR were 0.58 kg COD/m3 day and 0.26 g COD/g MLVSS day, respectively. For the pilot-scale SBR, the removal of SCOD ranged from about 3% to 65% with an average of 32%. The best OLR and F/M ratio for the pilot-plant SBR were 0.72 kg COD/m3 day and 0.17 g COD/g MLVSS day, respectively. Comparatively, SCOD removal by the pilotscale SBR was slightly better than the laboratory-scale SBR at the best OLR and F/M ratio. In conclusion, ponding systems had demonstrated to be effective for POME treatment except for NH3-N and colour removal. Further treatment of partially treated POME by SBR yields further organic removal. 2017-03 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78960/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78960/1/NurulShakilaAhmadMFKA2017.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:108772 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General)
spellingShingle	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General) Ahmad Abdul Wahab, Nurul Shakila Tertiary treatment of palm oil mill effluent using sequential batch reactor
description	Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a liquid by-product of palm oil processing. Today, most palm oil mills in Malaysia have adopted ponding treatment system as a primary and secondary treatment of POME. However, this system alone is not sufficient in producing treated effluent that can fulfil the effluent discharge standards. This study was therefore conducted to investigate the feasibility of sequencing batch reactor (SBR) as a tertiary treatment for POME. The study started with examining the effectiveness of ponding treatment system at Pertubuhan Peladang Negeri Johor (PPNJ) Kahang Palm Oil Mill in treating POME and the effect of average rainfall, quantity and quality of the processed fresh fruit bunch (FFB) on raw POME characteristics and ponding treatment system performance. This was followed by the assessment of SBR performance at both laboratory and pilot-scale. The SBR operations were evaluated during its acclimatisation stage as well as the effects of organic loading rate (OLR) and food over microorganism ratio (F/M) on the SBR treatment performance. It was found that PPNJ ponding treatment system, which comprised of five ponds are efficient for POME treatment. The average removal in terms of Total Chemical Oxygen Demand (TCOD), Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand (SCOD), Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) was 96%, 96%, 86%, 96% and 95%, respectively. However, even though the removal percentage was high, only pH and TN fulfilled the Department of Environment (DOE) effluent discharge standards, whereas the concentration of TSS and TCOD in the treated effluent exceeded the allowable limit. The ponding treatment system was also incapable to decolourise POME and it increased the concentration of Ammonia-Nitrogen (NH3-N) in the treated effluent. Both quantity and quality of processed FFB affected the colour intensity in POME. The average rainfall has minor effect on TP removal, while the quantity of FFB processed influenced SCOD, TCOD and colour removal by the ponding treatment system. Rainfall variation and quantity of processed FFB were found not to significantly affect the removal of TN, TSS and NH3-N by the ponding treatment system. When the partially digested POME was further treated using laboratoryscale SBR, the removal of SCOD ranged from 5 to about 49% with an average of 27%. The best OLR and F/M ratio for the laboratory-scale SBR were 0.58 kg COD/m3 day and 0.26 g COD/g MLVSS day, respectively. For the pilot-scale SBR, the removal of SCOD ranged from about 3% to 65% with an average of 32%. The best OLR and F/M ratio for the pilot-plant SBR were 0.72 kg COD/m3 day and 0.17 g COD/g MLVSS day, respectively. Comparatively, SCOD removal by the pilotscale SBR was slightly better than the laboratory-scale SBR at the best OLR and F/M ratio. In conclusion, ponding systems had demonstrated to be effective for POME treatment except for NH3-N and colour removal. Further treatment of partially treated POME by SBR yields further organic removal.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Ahmad Abdul Wahab, Nurul Shakila
author_facet	Ahmad Abdul Wahab, Nurul Shakila
author_sort	Ahmad Abdul Wahab, Nurul Shakila
title	Tertiary treatment of palm oil mill effluent using sequential batch reactor
title_short	Tertiary treatment of palm oil mill effluent using sequential batch reactor
title_full	Tertiary treatment of palm oil mill effluent using sequential batch reactor
title_fullStr	Tertiary treatment of palm oil mill effluent using sequential batch reactor
title_full_unstemmed	Tertiary treatment of palm oil mill effluent using sequential batch reactor
title_sort	tertiary treatment of palm oil mill effluent using sequential batch reactor
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Civil Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Civil Engineering
publishDate	2017
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/78960/1/NurulShakilaAhmadMFKA2017.pdf
_version_	1747818113694433280

Tertiary treatment of palm oil mill effluent using sequential batch reactor

Similar Items