Struvite precipitation for the recovery of ammonium nitrogen from landfill leachate

Struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O, MAP) precipitation is an effective method to recover ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) from wastewater into a valuable and environmental friendly material. It is crystallized by a chemical reaction between NH4-N, Mg and P, which is affected by several factors, mainly pH, molar ratio...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Darwish, Mohamad S. J.
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2017
Subjects:	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General)
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/79141/1/MohamadSJDarwishPFKA2017.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-utm-ep.79141
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-utm-ep.791412018-09-30T08:23:15Z Struvite precipitation for the recovery of ammonium nitrogen from landfill leachate 2017 Darwish, Mohamad S. J. TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O, MAP) precipitation is an effective method to recover ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) from wastewater into a valuable and environmental friendly material. It is crystallized by a chemical reaction between NH4-N, Mg and P, which is affected by several factors, mainly pH, molar ratios, foreign ions and mixing intensity (G). Landfill leachate (LL) contains high concentration of NH4-N that should be treated properly to avoid the environmental pollution problems. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a sustainable approach for NH4-N recovery from municipal LL via MAP precipitation technology. The study investigated a low-cost P source, optimized NH4-N recovery in terms of pH, Mg:N, K:N and G, studied the effect of organic matter and determined the effect and sorption mechanism of cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) during MAP precipitation. Three types of waste bones were tested for low-cost P source; fish, chicken and cow waste bone ash. Fish bone ash contained the highest P content (17% wt.). The P extraction by acidic leaching was optimized by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and the results showed that applying 2M H2SO4 and 1.25 kg H2SO4/kg ash resulted with extracting 95% of P. The extracted P solution (150 g-P/L) was applied successfully in MAP precipitation. Recovery of NH4-N in synthetic LL was optimized by RSM. Maximum NH4-N recovery (90%) was achieved at pH 8.5, Mg:N = 1.25, K:N = 0.1 and G = 95 s-1. The effect of organic matter on MAP recovery was determined using synthetic and actual LL (filtered and unfiltered). Propionic, butyric and acetic acids formulated the organic content in synthetic LL, in which an insignificant effect was noticed with minor removal of total organic carbon (TOC) (6.30-13.96%). For actual LL, NH4-N recovery efficiencies were 93%, 71% and 28% using MgCl2+Na2HPO4, MgO+P solution and MgO+Na2HPO4, respectively. It was also found that Cd and Ni were co-precipitated with MAP, forming struvite analogues, which could affect the purity of MAP. Sustainability of NH4-N recovery has to be further improved to be efficient for large-scale applications of LL treatment. 2017 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/79141/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/79141/1/MohamadSJDarwishPFKA2017.pdf application/pdf en public phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General)
spellingShingle	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General) Darwish, Mohamad S. J. Struvite precipitation for the recovery of ammonium nitrogen from landfill leachate
description	Struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O, MAP) precipitation is an effective method to recover ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) from wastewater into a valuable and environmental friendly material. It is crystallized by a chemical reaction between NH4-N, Mg and P, which is affected by several factors, mainly pH, molar ratios, foreign ions and mixing intensity (G). Landfill leachate (LL) contains high concentration of NH4-N that should be treated properly to avoid the environmental pollution problems. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a sustainable approach for NH4-N recovery from municipal LL via MAP precipitation technology. The study investigated a low-cost P source, optimized NH4-N recovery in terms of pH, Mg:N, K:N and G, studied the effect of organic matter and determined the effect and sorption mechanism of cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) during MAP precipitation. Three types of waste bones were tested for low-cost P source; fish, chicken and cow waste bone ash. Fish bone ash contained the highest P content (17% wt.). The P extraction by acidic leaching was optimized by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and the results showed that applying 2M H2SO4 and 1.25 kg H2SO4/kg ash resulted with extracting 95% of P. The extracted P solution (150 g-P/L) was applied successfully in MAP precipitation. Recovery of NH4-N in synthetic LL was optimized by RSM. Maximum NH4-N recovery (90%) was achieved at pH 8.5, Mg:N = 1.25, K:N = 0.1 and G = 95 s-1. The effect of organic matter on MAP recovery was determined using synthetic and actual LL (filtered and unfiltered). Propionic, butyric and acetic acids formulated the organic content in synthetic LL, in which an insignificant effect was noticed with minor removal of total organic carbon (TOC) (6.30-13.96%). For actual LL, NH4-N recovery efficiencies were 93%, 71% and 28% using MgCl2+Na2HPO4, MgO+P solution and MgO+Na2HPO4, respectively. It was also found that Cd and Ni were co-precipitated with MAP, forming struvite analogues, which could affect the purity of MAP. Sustainability of NH4-N recovery has to be further improved to be efficient for large-scale applications of LL treatment.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Darwish, Mohamad S. J.
author_facet	Darwish, Mohamad S. J.
author_sort	Darwish, Mohamad S. J.
title	Struvite precipitation for the recovery of ammonium nitrogen from landfill leachate
title_short	Struvite precipitation for the recovery of ammonium nitrogen from landfill leachate
title_full	Struvite precipitation for the recovery of ammonium nitrogen from landfill leachate
title_fullStr	Struvite precipitation for the recovery of ammonium nitrogen from landfill leachate
title_full_unstemmed	Struvite precipitation for the recovery of ammonium nitrogen from landfill leachate
title_sort	struvite precipitation for the recovery of ammonium nitrogen from landfill leachate
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Civil Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Civil Engineering
publishDate	2017
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/79141/1/MohamadSJDarwishPFKA2017.pdf
_version_	1747818156345262080

Struvite precipitation for the recovery of ammonium nitrogen from landfill leachate

Similar Items