Radiation grafted nanofibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal

Ion exchange resins having glucamine groups, although bearing a great potential in treating varieties of boron-containing streams have slow kinetics due to mass transfer limitations. The objective of this study is to develop a new adsorbent with a fibrous morphology that gives high adsorption capaci...

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Main Author:	Nallappan, Madana Leela
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/79354/1/MadanaLeelaNallappanPFChE2018.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.793542018-10-14T08:44:49Z Radiation grafted nanofibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal 2018 Nallappan, Madana Leela TP Chemical technology Ion exchange resins having glucamine groups, although bearing a great potential in treating varieties of boron-containing streams have slow kinetics due to mass transfer limitations. The objective of this study is to develop a new adsorbent with a fibrous morphology that gives high adsorption capacity and fast kinetics. The new adsorbent was prepared in 3 steps involving electrospinning of poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) into nanofibres, radiation induced grafting (RIG) of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto electrospun nanofibres followed by functionalisation with N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG). Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimization of PVDF electrospinning parameters allowing fibres’ diameters control. Simultaneous RIG was performed with an electron beam under controlled parameters. The functionalisation reaction’s parameters were also tuned with RSM to maximize the NMDG density in the adsorbent. The nanofibrous adsorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and water contact angle measurements. The performance of the adsorbent was tested for boron removal under batch and dynamic column (fixed bed) modes. The stability of the new adsorbent was confirmed by sorption/desorption tests. Nanofibrous sheets with an average fibre diameter of 350 nm were obtained at optimum voltage and concentration of 15.5 kV and 15 wt%, respectively. An optimum degree of grafting (DG) of 150% was imparted in grafted PVDF nanofibres using a 90% GMA/methanol solution and a dose of 40 kGy at a dose rate of 1.27 kGy/s. A maximum NMDG density of 2.20 mmol/g was achieved at optimum parameters of 15% NMDG concentration, 86.9 °C reaction temperature, 64.7 min and 150% DG. The new adsorbent showed 100% removal efficiency using a 0.6 g adsorbent dose within 2 h for a 100 mg/L of boron solution. The adsorption data from batch mode were best fitted to the Redlich–Peterson isotherm and the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order. The adsorbent behaviour under dynamic conditions revealed that the breakthrough capacity is a function of both initial feed concentration and bed height whereas the flow rate marginally affected the breakthrough capacity as indicated by the 9.3% reduction with an increase of up to SV 200h-1. The Thomas mathematical model was found to best fit the dynamic behaviour of the column. The adsorbent displayed a boron adsorption capacity of 17.60 mg/g-adsorbent which is 2.6 time higher than that of commercial boron selective resin such as Amberlite IRA743 (6.7 mg/g). The results of this study suggest that the adopted preparation procedure is highly effective in preparation of nanofibrous adsorbents with the desired content of boron selective ligands. Moreover, the adsorbent was proven to have a strong potential for application in boron removal from solutions as indicated by higher boron adsorption capacity and faster kinetics. 2018 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/79354/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/79354/1/MadanaLeelaNallappanPFChE2018.pdf application/pdf en public phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical & Energy Engineering Faculty of Chemical & Energy Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Nallappan, Madana Leela Radiation grafted nanofibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal
description	Ion exchange resins having glucamine groups, although bearing a great potential in treating varieties of boron-containing streams have slow kinetics due to mass transfer limitations. The objective of this study is to develop a new adsorbent with a fibrous morphology that gives high adsorption capacity and fast kinetics. The new adsorbent was prepared in 3 steps involving electrospinning of poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) into nanofibres, radiation induced grafting (RIG) of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto electrospun nanofibres followed by functionalisation with N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG). Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimization of PVDF electrospinning parameters allowing fibres’ diameters control. Simultaneous RIG was performed with an electron beam under controlled parameters. The functionalisation reaction’s parameters were also tuned with RSM to maximize the NMDG density in the adsorbent. The nanofibrous adsorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and water contact angle measurements. The performance of the adsorbent was tested for boron removal under batch and dynamic column (fixed bed) modes. The stability of the new adsorbent was confirmed by sorption/desorption tests. Nanofibrous sheets with an average fibre diameter of 350 nm were obtained at optimum voltage and concentration of 15.5 kV and 15 wt%, respectively. An optimum degree of grafting (DG) of 150% was imparted in grafted PVDF nanofibres using a 90% GMA/methanol solution and a dose of 40 kGy at a dose rate of 1.27 kGy/s. A maximum NMDG density of 2.20 mmol/g was achieved at optimum parameters of 15% NMDG concentration, 86.9 °C reaction temperature, 64.7 min and 150% DG. The new adsorbent showed 100% removal efficiency using a 0.6 g adsorbent dose within 2 h for a 100 mg/L of boron solution. The adsorption data from batch mode were best fitted to the Redlich–Peterson isotherm and the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order. The adsorbent behaviour under dynamic conditions revealed that the breakthrough capacity is a function of both initial feed concentration and bed height whereas the flow rate marginally affected the breakthrough capacity as indicated by the 9.3% reduction with an increase of up to SV 200h-1. The Thomas mathematical model was found to best fit the dynamic behaviour of the column. The adsorbent displayed a boron adsorption capacity of 17.60 mg/g-adsorbent which is 2.6 time higher than that of commercial boron selective resin such as Amberlite IRA743 (6.7 mg/g). The results of this study suggest that the adopted preparation procedure is highly effective in preparation of nanofibrous adsorbents with the desired content of boron selective ligands. Moreover, the adsorbent was proven to have a strong potential for application in boron removal from solutions as indicated by higher boron adsorption capacity and faster kinetics.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Nallappan, Madana Leela
author_facet	Nallappan, Madana Leela
author_sort	Nallappan, Madana Leela
title	Radiation grafted nanofibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal
title_short	Radiation grafted nanofibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal
title_full	Radiation grafted nanofibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal
title_fullStr	Radiation grafted nanofibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal
title_full_unstemmed	Radiation grafted nanofibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal
title_sort	radiation grafted nanofibrous adsorbent containing n-methyl-d-glucamine for boron removal
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical & Energy Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Chemical & Energy Engineering
publishDate	2018
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/79354/1/MadanaLeelaNallappanPFChE2018.pdf
_version_	1747818208043204608

Radiation grafted nanofibrous adsorbent containing N-methyl-D-glucamine for boron removal

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