Fabrication, purification and characterization of multiwall carbon nanotubes

Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have numerous potential applications which can be attributed to their outstanding electrical conductivity, mechanical strength and thermal conductivity. However, as-grown multiwall carbon nanotubes (a-MWCNTs) usually contain large amount of impurities or by-produc...

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Main Author:	Abdullah Hamami, Nurul Faridah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	QC Physics
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81460/1/NurulFaridahAbdullahMFS2019.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.814602019-08-23T05:18:52Z Fabrication, purification and characterization of multiwall carbon nanotubes 2019 Abdullah Hamami, Nurul Faridah QC Physics Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have numerous potential applications which can be attributed to their outstanding electrical conductivity, mechanical strength and thermal conductivity. However, as-grown multiwall carbon nanotubes (a-MWCNTs) usually contain large amount of impurities or by-products in the form of carbonaceous and metal particles, which hinder and limit the technological implementation of MWCNTs. This study is focused on fabricating MWCNTs by arc discharge and developing an efficient purification route based on gas and liquid phase oxidation. The MWCNTs are fabricated by developing arc discharge carbon plasma between graphite rods by applying 20 V dc voltage and 100 A current at atmospheric pressure. The purification of as-grown MWCNTs is performed in two stages. In first stage, the as-grown MWCNTs are subjected to heat treatment at 750 oC at atmospheric pressure. The second stage involves chemical oxidation using mixture of HNO3 and H2O2 in different ratios via refluxing, sonication and drying processes. The role and impact of oxidizing agents such as HNO3 and H2O2 are investigated in details and optimized. The synthesized and purified MWCNTs are characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission electron microscopy (FESEM). The shift in the (002) peak towards lower angle in XRD spectra and low value of ID/IG ratio from Raman spectra suggest improvement and increase in the presence of tubular structure for the chemically oxidized MWCNTs with HNO3:H2O2 ratio of 3:0. A decrease in amorphous structures with no nanoparticles attached with nanotubes is observed for the MWCNTs samples treated by thermal and chemical oxidation for HNO3:H2O2 ratio of 3:0 and 2:1 in the scanning electron microscopic images. Significant increase in the as-grown MWCNT density was observed from MWCNT samples thermally oxidized at temperature 750 ºC and chemically oxidized with HNO3:H2O2 ratios of 3:0 and 2:1. 2019 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81460/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81460/1/NurulFaridahAbdullahMFS2019.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:124983 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Physics
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QC Physics
spellingShingle	QC Physics Abdullah Hamami, Nurul Faridah Fabrication, purification and characterization of multiwall carbon nanotubes
description	Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have numerous potential applications which can be attributed to their outstanding electrical conductivity, mechanical strength and thermal conductivity. However, as-grown multiwall carbon nanotubes (a-MWCNTs) usually contain large amount of impurities or by-products in the form of carbonaceous and metal particles, which hinder and limit the technological implementation of MWCNTs. This study is focused on fabricating MWCNTs by arc discharge and developing an efficient purification route based on gas and liquid phase oxidation. The MWCNTs are fabricated by developing arc discharge carbon plasma between graphite rods by applying 20 V dc voltage and 100 A current at atmospheric pressure. The purification of as-grown MWCNTs is performed in two stages. In first stage, the as-grown MWCNTs are subjected to heat treatment at 750 oC at atmospheric pressure. The second stage involves chemical oxidation using mixture of HNO3 and H2O2 in different ratios via refluxing, sonication and drying processes. The role and impact of oxidizing agents such as HNO3 and H2O2 are investigated in details and optimized. The synthesized and purified MWCNTs are characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission electron microscopy (FESEM). The shift in the (002) peak towards lower angle in XRD spectra and low value of ID/IG ratio from Raman spectra suggest improvement and increase in the presence of tubular structure for the chemically oxidized MWCNTs with HNO3:H2O2 ratio of 3:0. A decrease in amorphous structures with no nanoparticles attached with nanotubes is observed for the MWCNTs samples treated by thermal and chemical oxidation for HNO3:H2O2 ratio of 3:0 and 2:1 in the scanning electron microscopic images. Significant increase in the as-grown MWCNT density was observed from MWCNT samples thermally oxidized at temperature 750 ºC and chemically oxidized with HNO3:H2O2 ratios of 3:0 and 2:1.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Abdullah Hamami, Nurul Faridah
author_facet	Abdullah Hamami, Nurul Faridah
author_sort	Abdullah Hamami, Nurul Faridah
title	Fabrication, purification and characterization of multiwall carbon nanotubes
title_short	Fabrication, purification and characterization of multiwall carbon nanotubes
title_full	Fabrication, purification and characterization of multiwall carbon nanotubes
title_fullStr	Fabrication, purification and characterization of multiwall carbon nanotubes
title_full_unstemmed	Fabrication, purification and characterization of multiwall carbon nanotubes
title_sort	fabrication, purification and characterization of multiwall carbon nanotubes
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
granting_department	Physics
publishDate	2019
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81460/1/NurulFaridahAbdullahMFS2019.pdf
_version_	1747818337252933632

Fabrication, purification and characterization of multiwall carbon nanotubes

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