Copper doped and strontium co-doped lithium magnesium borate glass as thermoluminescence dosimeter irradiated by co-60

The present study has been conducted to investigate the thermoluminescence (TL) properties of copper (Cu)-doped and strontium (Sr) co-doped lithium magnesium borate (LMB) glass. Samples of undoped LMB, Cu-doped LMB, Cu-doped and Sr co-doped LMB were prepared using melt-quenching technique and irradi...

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Main Author:	Salleh, Nurul Anati
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	QC Physics
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81464/1/NurulAnatiSallehMFS2018.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.814642019-08-23T05:18:55Z Copper doped and strontium co-doped lithium magnesium borate glass as thermoluminescence dosimeter irradiated by co-60 2018 Salleh, Nurul Anati QC Physics The present study has been conducted to investigate the thermoluminescence (TL) properties of copper (Cu)-doped and strontium (Sr) co-doped lithium magnesium borate (LMB) glass. Samples of undoped LMB, Cu-doped LMB, Cu-doped and Sr co-doped LMB were prepared using melt-quenching technique and irradiated with Co-60 gamma radiation at dose range of 1–100 Gy. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Thermogravimetry-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA) showed all the samples are amorphous with good glass stability. All the samples were characterized using Thermoluminescence Dosimeter (TLD) reader and the TL properties were analyzed. In this study, it is found that the co-doped sample has better TL properties compared to the other samples and therefore was chosen for further analysis. The highest glow peak of the sample was observed at temperature of 190oC with the TL intensity of 4.14 × 105 nC g-1. The best annealing procedure of the sample was determined at 100oC for 20 minutes with the heating rate of 7oC s-1. The sample exhibits a good linearity with regression coefficient, R2 of 0.990 at low dose range of 1–10 Gy and R2 of 0.995 at high dose range of 10–100 Gy. The sensitivity of the sample is higher at 123 nC mg-1 Gy-1 in high dose range than that in a low dose range. The sample also shows low fading with the percentage signal loss of 48.2% at a low dose of 5 Gy and 47.7% at a high dose of 50 Gy after 60 days. The sample possesses good reproducibility with the percentage of standard deviation of 4% at 5 Gy and 6% at 50 Gy. Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis was used to calculate the effective atomic number (Zeff) of the sample which is 8.33 close to Zeff of human tissue. The minimum detectable dose of the sample is 2.44 mGy. In addition, the kinetic parameter analysis revealed that the type of glow curve of the sample is a second order kinetic. The activation energy of 1.2 eV and the frequency factor of 3.5 × 1011 s-1 were obtained using the initial rise method. Meanwhile, using the peak shape method, the calculated activation energy and frequency factor was 0.7 eV and 2.1 × 108 s-1, respectively. Thus, from this study, it can be concluded that the co-doped sample satisfies most of the desirable TL characteristics as a good material and could be used for thermoluminescence dosimetry application. 2018 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81464/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81464/1/NurulAnatiSallehMFS2018.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:124854 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Physics
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QC Physics
spellingShingle	QC Physics Salleh, Nurul Anati Copper doped and strontium co-doped lithium magnesium borate glass as thermoluminescence dosimeter irradiated by co-60
description	The present study has been conducted to investigate the thermoluminescence (TL) properties of copper (Cu)-doped and strontium (Sr) co-doped lithium magnesium borate (LMB) glass. Samples of undoped LMB, Cu-doped LMB, Cu-doped and Sr co-doped LMB were prepared using melt-quenching technique and irradiated with Co-60 gamma radiation at dose range of 1–100 Gy. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Thermogravimetry-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA) showed all the samples are amorphous with good glass stability. All the samples were characterized using Thermoluminescence Dosimeter (TLD) reader and the TL properties were analyzed. In this study, it is found that the co-doped sample has better TL properties compared to the other samples and therefore was chosen for further analysis. The highest glow peak of the sample was observed at temperature of 190oC with the TL intensity of 4.14 × 105 nC g-1. The best annealing procedure of the sample was determined at 100oC for 20 minutes with the heating rate of 7oC s-1. The sample exhibits a good linearity with regression coefficient, R2 of 0.990 at low dose range of 1–10 Gy and R2 of 0.995 at high dose range of 10–100 Gy. The sensitivity of the sample is higher at 123 nC mg-1 Gy-1 in high dose range than that in a low dose range. The sample also shows low fading with the percentage signal loss of 48.2% at a low dose of 5 Gy and 47.7% at a high dose of 50 Gy after 60 days. The sample possesses good reproducibility with the percentage of standard deviation of 4% at 5 Gy and 6% at 50 Gy. Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis was used to calculate the effective atomic number (Zeff) of the sample which is 8.33 close to Zeff of human tissue. The minimum detectable dose of the sample is 2.44 mGy. In addition, the kinetic parameter analysis revealed that the type of glow curve of the sample is a second order kinetic. The activation energy of 1.2 eV and the frequency factor of 3.5 × 1011 s-1 were obtained using the initial rise method. Meanwhile, using the peak shape method, the calculated activation energy and frequency factor was 0.7 eV and 2.1 × 108 s-1, respectively. Thus, from this study, it can be concluded that the co-doped sample satisfies most of the desirable TL characteristics as a good material and could be used for thermoluminescence dosimetry application.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Salleh, Nurul Anati
author_facet	Salleh, Nurul Anati
author_sort	Salleh, Nurul Anati
title	Copper doped and strontium co-doped lithium magnesium borate glass as thermoluminescence dosimeter irradiated by co-60
title_short	Copper doped and strontium co-doped lithium magnesium borate glass as thermoluminescence dosimeter irradiated by co-60
title_full	Copper doped and strontium co-doped lithium magnesium borate glass as thermoluminescence dosimeter irradiated by co-60
title_fullStr	Copper doped and strontium co-doped lithium magnesium borate glass as thermoluminescence dosimeter irradiated by co-60
title_full_unstemmed	Copper doped and strontium co-doped lithium magnesium borate glass as thermoluminescence dosimeter irradiated by co-60
title_sort	copper doped and strontium co-doped lithium magnesium borate glass as thermoluminescence dosimeter irradiated by co-60
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
granting_department	Physics
publishDate	2018
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81464/1/NurulAnatiSallehMFS2018.pdf
_version_	1747818338228109312

Copper doped and strontium co-doped lithium magnesium borate glass as thermoluminescence dosimeter irradiated by co-60

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