the effect of micropits and bio-lubricants on aluminum cold work extrusion performances

Many attempts have been made to replace mineral oil-based with biodegradable lubricant such as vegetable oil in order to reduce environmental impacts. Palm oil based is available in abundance in Malaysia at cheaper price compared to mineral based lubricant but reports on using this oil as an alterna...

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Main Author:	Mohd. Ahyan, Nurul Aini
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2016
Subjects:	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81705/1/NurulAiniMohdPFKM2016.pdf
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id	my-utm-ep.81705
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spelling	my-utm-ep.817052019-09-22T07:25:42Z the effect of micropits and bio-lubricants on aluminum cold work extrusion performances 2016 Mohd. Ahyan, Nurul Aini TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Many attempts have been made to replace mineral oil-based with biodegradable lubricant such as vegetable oil in order to reduce environmental impacts. Palm oil based is available in abundance in Malaysia at cheaper price compared to mineral based lubricant but reports on using this oil as an alternative lubricant is hardly found especially in cold metal forming applications. This study aims to evaluate and compare the tribological performances between two different types of palm oil-based and mineral oil-based lubricants using modified die surface geometry (with and without micropits at top and bottom positions, sharp T45 and radius R45 taper angle) during cold extrusion process. All extrusion process parameters were fixed during experiments, i.e. deformation ratio (3:1), speed range (8.1-8.3 mm/s), piston displacement stroke (40 mm), micropit depth (30 µm), diameter (600 µm), distance (1 mm) and 27 percent of area density. Top position of micropit exhibits the lowest friction and extrusion load with finer billet surface in all trials. It is also found that palm stearin (PS) performs better than palm kernel (PK) in terms of extrusion load and billet surface roughness. Similar results also obtained in paraffinic mineral oils experiments where VG460 outperforms VG95. Higher viscosity in both type of lubricants is the main reason that contributes to this performance. Comparing between PS and VG460, the performance of mineral oilbased is still superior than palm oil-based but the difference is very marginal in terms of extrusion load and billet surface roughness. The achievable extrusion load and billet surface finish under PS lubricant are 48.9 kN and 0.11µm respectively. The optimum tribological performance of mineral oil-based VG460 over palm oil-based PS is attributed to the large viscosity difference between VG460 (1347.60 mm2/s) and the PS (48.29 mm2/s). Since there is only marginal difference in tribological performance, it can be concluded that palm oil-based has a great potential to be developed further as an environmental friendly lubricant for replacing mineral oilbased type. 2016 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81705/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81705/1/NurulAiniMohdPFKM2016.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:125985 phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Mechanical Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
spellingShingle	TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Mohd. Ahyan, Nurul Aini the effect of micropits and bio-lubricants on aluminum cold work extrusion performances
description	Many attempts have been made to replace mineral oil-based with biodegradable lubricant such as vegetable oil in order to reduce environmental impacts. Palm oil based is available in abundance in Malaysia at cheaper price compared to mineral based lubricant but reports on using this oil as an alternative lubricant is hardly found especially in cold metal forming applications. This study aims to evaluate and compare the tribological performances between two different types of palm oil-based and mineral oil-based lubricants using modified die surface geometry (with and without micropits at top and bottom positions, sharp T45 and radius R45 taper angle) during cold extrusion process. All extrusion process parameters were fixed during experiments, i.e. deformation ratio (3:1), speed range (8.1-8.3 mm/s), piston displacement stroke (40 mm), micropit depth (30 µm), diameter (600 µm), distance (1 mm) and 27 percent of area density. Top position of micropit exhibits the lowest friction and extrusion load with finer billet surface in all trials. It is also found that palm stearin (PS) performs better than palm kernel (PK) in terms of extrusion load and billet surface roughness. Similar results also obtained in paraffinic mineral oils experiments where VG460 outperforms VG95. Higher viscosity in both type of lubricants is the main reason that contributes to this performance. Comparing between PS and VG460, the performance of mineral oilbased is still superior than palm oil-based but the difference is very marginal in terms of extrusion load and billet surface roughness. The achievable extrusion load and billet surface finish under PS lubricant are 48.9 kN and 0.11µm respectively. The optimum tribological performance of mineral oil-based VG460 over palm oil-based PS is attributed to the large viscosity difference between VG460 (1347.60 mm2/s) and the PS (48.29 mm2/s). Since there is only marginal difference in tribological performance, it can be concluded that palm oil-based has a great potential to be developed further as an environmental friendly lubricant for replacing mineral oilbased type.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Mohd. Ahyan, Nurul Aini
author_facet	Mohd. Ahyan, Nurul Aini
author_sort	Mohd. Ahyan, Nurul Aini
title	the effect of micropits and bio-lubricants on aluminum cold work extrusion performances
title_short	the effect of micropits and bio-lubricants on aluminum cold work extrusion performances
title_full	the effect of micropits and bio-lubricants on aluminum cold work extrusion performances
title_fullStr	the effect of micropits and bio-lubricants on aluminum cold work extrusion performances
title_full_unstemmed	the effect of micropits and bio-lubricants on aluminum cold work extrusion performances
title_sort	effect of micropits and bio-lubricants on aluminum cold work extrusion performances
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
granting_department	Mechanical Engineering
publishDate	2016
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/81705/1/NurulAiniMohdPFKM2016.pdf
_version_	1747818393897009152

the effect of micropits and bio-lubricants on aluminum cold work extrusion performances

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