Synthesis and utilization of β-cyclodextrin modified chitosan for the adsorption of aspirin

Chitosan is a very versatile substance in terms of its usage. It has a number of uses ranging from agricultural to medicinal usage. In adsorption study, chitosan is a very promising material as it can be used to adsorb a variety of waste such as dyes, metal ions and pharmaceutical. This particular a...

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Main Author:	Azman, Muhammad Asyiq
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/86044/1/MuhammadAsyiqAzmanMSChE2019.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.860442020-08-30T08:49:46Z Synthesis and utilization of β-cyclodextrin modified chitosan for the adsorption of aspirin 2019 Azman, Muhammad Asyiq TP Chemical technology Chitosan is a very versatile substance in terms of its usage. It has a number of uses ranging from agricultural to medicinal usage. In adsorption study, chitosan is a very promising material as it can be used to adsorb a variety of waste such as dyes, metal ions and pharmaceutical. This particular ability can be attributed to the presence of amino and hydroxyl group in its molecules. However, these reactive groups tend to form hydrogen bond with each other and greatly reduces the adsorption efficiency of chitosan. A lot of research have been done in order to improve the adsorption efficiency of chitosan. One of the methods used is by modifying the surface of chitosan with another chemical. In this study, chitosan was modified with ß-cyclodextrin by using impregnation method. The response for this study was the removal of aspirin in an aqueous solution. This study was conducted to synthesize and characterize chitosan modified with ß-cyclodextrin, to determine the adsorption performance of the adsorbent for aspirin removal and analyze the adsorption mechanism of the adsorbent for aspirin removal. Chitosan was modified without using any harmful and hazardous chemical. The ß-cyclodextrin was initially dissolved in distilled water before being mixed with the chitosan. After 30 minutes of mixing, the resulting solid was filtered and dried at 60 °C before being subjected to adsorption study. The characterization of the adsorbents was conducted using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, point of zero charge, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulphur analysis, Field emission scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. The adsorption kinetics were studied using the pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetic model and Elovich equation. The adsorption isotherm was studied using the Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm model. The adsorption thermodynamics was determined by studying the changes in enthalpy, changes in standard entropy and Gibbs free energy. The result shows an improvement in adsorption capacity when chitosan was modified with ß-cyclodextrin. The maximum adsorption capacity of chitosan was 236.97 mg/g while the maximum adsorption capacity for ß-cyclodextrin modified chitosan was 359.87 mg/g which is an increase of 51%. The best condition for the removal of aspirin is 10 minutes of contact time, pH 3, 30 ºC temperature, 500 mg/L initial concentration of aspirin and 0.05 g of adsorbent. The results of the model fitting showed that the adsorption of aspirin onto the adsorbent occurs via physical adsorption. 2019 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/86044/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/86044/1/MuhammadAsyiqAzmanMSChE2019.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:131559 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Azman, Muhammad Asyiq Synthesis and utilization of β-cyclodextrin modified chitosan for the adsorption of aspirin
description	Chitosan is a very versatile substance in terms of its usage. It has a number of uses ranging from agricultural to medicinal usage. In adsorption study, chitosan is a very promising material as it can be used to adsorb a variety of waste such as dyes, metal ions and pharmaceutical. This particular ability can be attributed to the presence of amino and hydroxyl group in its molecules. However, these reactive groups tend to form hydrogen bond with each other and greatly reduces the adsorption efficiency of chitosan. A lot of research have been done in order to improve the adsorption efficiency of chitosan. One of the methods used is by modifying the surface of chitosan with another chemical. In this study, chitosan was modified with ß-cyclodextrin by using impregnation method. The response for this study was the removal of aspirin in an aqueous solution. This study was conducted to synthesize and characterize chitosan modified with ß-cyclodextrin, to determine the adsorption performance of the adsorbent for aspirin removal and analyze the adsorption mechanism of the adsorbent for aspirin removal. Chitosan was modified without using any harmful and hazardous chemical. The ß-cyclodextrin was initially dissolved in distilled water before being mixed with the chitosan. After 30 minutes of mixing, the resulting solid was filtered and dried at 60 °C before being subjected to adsorption study. The characterization of the adsorbents was conducted using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, point of zero charge, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulphur analysis, Field emission scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. The adsorption kinetics were studied using the pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetic model and Elovich equation. The adsorption isotherm was studied using the Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm model. The adsorption thermodynamics was determined by studying the changes in enthalpy, changes in standard entropy and Gibbs free energy. The result shows an improvement in adsorption capacity when chitosan was modified with ß-cyclodextrin. The maximum adsorption capacity of chitosan was 236.97 mg/g while the maximum adsorption capacity for ß-cyclodextrin modified chitosan was 359.87 mg/g which is an increase of 51%. The best condition for the removal of aspirin is 10 minutes of contact time, pH 3, 30 ºC temperature, 500 mg/L initial concentration of aspirin and 0.05 g of adsorbent. The results of the model fitting showed that the adsorption of aspirin onto the adsorbent occurs via physical adsorption.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Azman, Muhammad Asyiq
author_facet	Azman, Muhammad Asyiq
author_sort	Azman, Muhammad Asyiq
title	Synthesis and utilization of β-cyclodextrin modified chitosan for the adsorption of aspirin
title_short	Synthesis and utilization of β-cyclodextrin modified chitosan for the adsorption of aspirin
title_full	Synthesis and utilization of β-cyclodextrin modified chitosan for the adsorption of aspirin
title_fullStr	Synthesis and utilization of β-cyclodextrin modified chitosan for the adsorption of aspirin
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis and utilization of β-cyclodextrin modified chitosan for the adsorption of aspirin
title_sort	synthesis and utilization of β-cyclodextrin modified chitosan for the adsorption of aspirin
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
publishDate	2019
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/86044/1/MuhammadAsyiqAzmanMSChE2019.pdf
_version_	1747818485179744256

Synthesis and utilization of β-cyclodextrin modified chitosan for the adsorption of aspirin

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