Kinetic properties on supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of charantin from Momordica charantia L. with co-extractant

Charantin is a bioactive compound in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) fruit that has been claimed to be able to lower blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes mellitus patient. Its unique dual polarity compound and larger molecular weight makes it difficult to be extracted using conventional extract...

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Main Author:	Aris, Noor Aiysah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/86092/1/NoorAiysahArisPAChE2019.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.860922020-08-30T08:56:05Z Kinetic properties on supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of charantin from Momordica charantia L. with co-extractant 2019 Aris, Noor Aiysah TP Chemical technology Charantin is a bioactive compound in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) fruit that has been claimed to be able to lower blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes mellitus patient. Its unique dual polarity compound and larger molecular weight makes it difficult to be extracted using conventional extraction method such as Soxhlet and water extraction. The aim of this study is to extract charantin from Momordica charantia using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) in the presence of absolute ethanol as co-extractant (1:3 w/v feed-to-solvent ratio). As mean particle size influences the extraction yield, its effects were investigated in the range of 0.2-0.7 mm and validated using the extraction curve model. The optimum extraction pressure and temperature ranging from 10-30 MPa and 45-65 oC respectively were determined using response surface methodology with 3-level factorial while the effect of SC-CO2 operating conditions and kinetic properties on the extraction yield were validated using the kinetic models of Barton, Crank, simplified linear driving force (SLDF) and Sovová. Results demonstrated that the extraction efficiency of charantin was found to be 13.25 x 10-3 mg ch/g CO2 with the highest concentration of charantin of 112.56 mg/100 g dry weight at optimum condition of 0.3 mm particle size, 30 MPa pressure, 65 oC temperature and 5 mL/min flowrate. The highest extraction yield of 42.4 mg/g gave the highest diffusion coefficient (De) value of 16.49 x 10-12 m2/s, with percentage deviation error of 4.48% at 30 MPa and 55 oC using the Crank model. Additionally, the mass transfer coefficient in the fluid phase (kf) was 4.28 x 10-6 m/s and overall mass transfer coefficient (kp) was 4.87 x 10-7 m/s obtained by SLDF model with experimental solubility (ys) of 2.8 g/kg CO2. The SC-CO2 extraction with co-extractant has been demonstrated to be a promising technique to extract the highly valued charantin compound producing a novel product for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. 2019 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/86092/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/86092/1/NoorAiysahArisPAChE2019.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:131528 phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Aris, Noor Aiysah Kinetic properties on supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of charantin from Momordica charantia L. with co-extractant
description	Charantin is a bioactive compound in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) fruit that has been claimed to be able to lower blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes mellitus patient. Its unique dual polarity compound and larger molecular weight makes it difficult to be extracted using conventional extraction method such as Soxhlet and water extraction. The aim of this study is to extract charantin from Momordica charantia using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) in the presence of absolute ethanol as co-extractant (1:3 w/v feed-to-solvent ratio). As mean particle size influences the extraction yield, its effects were investigated in the range of 0.2-0.7 mm and validated using the extraction curve model. The optimum extraction pressure and temperature ranging from 10-30 MPa and 45-65 oC respectively were determined using response surface methodology with 3-level factorial while the effect of SC-CO2 operating conditions and kinetic properties on the extraction yield were validated using the kinetic models of Barton, Crank, simplified linear driving force (SLDF) and Sovová. Results demonstrated that the extraction efficiency of charantin was found to be 13.25 x 10-3 mg ch/g CO2 with the highest concentration of charantin of 112.56 mg/100 g dry weight at optimum condition of 0.3 mm particle size, 30 MPa pressure, 65 oC temperature and 5 mL/min flowrate. The highest extraction yield of 42.4 mg/g gave the highest diffusion coefficient (De) value of 16.49 x 10-12 m2/s, with percentage deviation error of 4.48% at 30 MPa and 55 oC using the Crank model. Additionally, the mass transfer coefficient in the fluid phase (kf) was 4.28 x 10-6 m/s and overall mass transfer coefficient (kp) was 4.87 x 10-7 m/s obtained by SLDF model with experimental solubility (ys) of 2.8 g/kg CO2. The SC-CO2 extraction with co-extractant has been demonstrated to be a promising technique to extract the highly valued charantin compound producing a novel product for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Aris, Noor Aiysah
author_facet	Aris, Noor Aiysah
author_sort	Aris, Noor Aiysah
title	Kinetic properties on supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of charantin from Momordica charantia L. with co-extractant
title_short	Kinetic properties on supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of charantin from Momordica charantia L. with co-extractant
title_full	Kinetic properties on supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of charantin from Momordica charantia L. with co-extractant
title_fullStr	Kinetic properties on supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of charantin from Momordica charantia L. with co-extractant
title_full_unstemmed	Kinetic properties on supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of charantin from Momordica charantia L. with co-extractant
title_sort	kinetic properties on supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of charantin from momordica charantia l. with co-extractant
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
publishDate	2019
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/86092/1/NoorAiysahArisPAChE2019.pdf
_version_	1747818494254120960

Kinetic properties on supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of charantin from Momordica charantia L. with co-extractant

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