Delignification of pineapple peel waste by sodium hydroxide pre-treatment

Agriculture-based economies have caused the amount of lignocellulosic biomass wastes to be gradually increasing. It has been a major concern to all nations on the disposal method because it can cause major environmental problems. One of the largest agriculture residues contributing to this issue is...

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Main Author:	Kannuchami, Vickneshwaran
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/87168/1/VickneshwaranKannuchamiMSChE2018.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.871682020-11-30T09:00:29Z Delignification of pineapple peel waste by sodium hydroxide pre-treatment 2018 Kannuchami, Vickneshwaran TP Chemical technology Agriculture-based economies have caused the amount of lignocellulosic biomass wastes to be gradually increasing. It has been a major concern to all nations on the disposal method because it can cause major environmental problems. One of the largest agriculture residues contributing to this issue is pineapple waste. Pineapple waste especially the peels are the major by-product obtained during pineapple processing which contribute about 20 - 40 % of the total weight of the fruit. Since, pineapple peels rich in cellulose, it has huge potential use as substrate to develop into valuable bio-based materials. However, pre-treatment is required to overcome the complex structure of lignocellulosic biomass and make it accessible for enzymatic and microbial hydrolysis. In this study, chemical pre-treatment method was performed using alkaline solution, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on pineapple peels waste. The first stage was the evaluation of the influence of NaOH concentration, temperature and retention time on degradation of lignin content using design of experiment, Box-Behnken and response surface methodology. Based from the Design-Expert software, the maximum lignin degradation was 55.5 % with the pre-treatment performed at 3 % NaOH concentration, 35.3 oC with 120 hr exposure time. The second stage of the study was evaluating the delignification kinetic. Kinetic data of the pre-treatment were evaluated at different temperatures (20 oC, 30 oC and 40 oC) at constant NaOH concentration, 3 % for 120 hr. Delignification by NaOH pre-treatment was possible at all levels of temperature in the bulk phase, however, results were more significant at temperatures 30 oC. The kinetic constant at 20 oC, 30 oC and 40 oC were 0.0093 h-1, 0.1467 h-1 and 0.1649 h-1 respectively and the activation energy was 21.63 kJ/mol. The delignification was highly dependent on temperature and duration of pre-treatment. 2018 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/87168/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/87168/1/VickneshwaranKannuchamiMSChE2018.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:131886 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Kannuchami, Vickneshwaran Delignification of pineapple peel waste by sodium hydroxide pre-treatment
description	Agriculture-based economies have caused the amount of lignocellulosic biomass wastes to be gradually increasing. It has been a major concern to all nations on the disposal method because it can cause major environmental problems. One of the largest agriculture residues contributing to this issue is pineapple waste. Pineapple waste especially the peels are the major by-product obtained during pineapple processing which contribute about 20 - 40 % of the total weight of the fruit. Since, pineapple peels rich in cellulose, it has huge potential use as substrate to develop into valuable bio-based materials. However, pre-treatment is required to overcome the complex structure of lignocellulosic biomass and make it accessible for enzymatic and microbial hydrolysis. In this study, chemical pre-treatment method was performed using alkaline solution, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on pineapple peels waste. The first stage was the evaluation of the influence of NaOH concentration, temperature and retention time on degradation of lignin content using design of experiment, Box-Behnken and response surface methodology. Based from the Design-Expert software, the maximum lignin degradation was 55.5 % with the pre-treatment performed at 3 % NaOH concentration, 35.3 oC with 120 hr exposure time. The second stage of the study was evaluating the delignification kinetic. Kinetic data of the pre-treatment were evaluated at different temperatures (20 oC, 30 oC and 40 oC) at constant NaOH concentration, 3 % for 120 hr. Delignification by NaOH pre-treatment was possible at all levels of temperature in the bulk phase, however, results were more significant at temperatures 30 oC. The kinetic constant at 20 oC, 30 oC and 40 oC were 0.0093 h-1, 0.1467 h-1 and 0.1649 h-1 respectively and the activation energy was 21.63 kJ/mol. The delignification was highly dependent on temperature and duration of pre-treatment.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Kannuchami, Vickneshwaran
author_facet	Kannuchami, Vickneshwaran
author_sort	Kannuchami, Vickneshwaran
title	Delignification of pineapple peel waste by sodium hydroxide pre-treatment
title_short	Delignification of pineapple peel waste by sodium hydroxide pre-treatment
title_full	Delignification of pineapple peel waste by sodium hydroxide pre-treatment
title_fullStr	Delignification of pineapple peel waste by sodium hydroxide pre-treatment
title_full_unstemmed	Delignification of pineapple peel waste by sodium hydroxide pre-treatment
title_sort	delignification of pineapple peel waste by sodium hydroxide pre-treatment
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering
publishDate	2018
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/87168/1/VickneshwaranKannuchamiMSChE2018.pdf
_version_	1747818530601959424

Delignification of pineapple peel waste by sodium hydroxide pre-treatment

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