Removal of triclosan from aqueous solution by activated carbon and nylon 6,6 nanofiber

Triclosan (TCS) is one of the biocide that functions as antibacterial and antifungal agent and has the ability to kill and hinder the growth of bacteria. Hence, it is used in many personal care and health care products such as in shampoo, detergent, first aid, deodorant and cosmetics. However, TCS c...

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Main Author:	Nor Khoriha Eliysa, Mohd. Khori
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2020
Subjects:	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General)
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/91963/1/NorKhorihaEliysaMSKA2020.pdf.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.919632021-08-09T08:46:35Z Removal of triclosan from aqueous solution by activated carbon and nylon 6,6 nanofiber 2020 Nor Khoriha Eliysa, Mohd. Khori TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Triclosan (TCS) is one of the biocide that functions as antibacterial and antifungal agent and has the ability to kill and hinder the growth of bacteria. Hence, it is used in many personal care and health care products such as in shampoo, detergent, first aid, deodorant and cosmetics. However, TCS can cause health and environmental problems such as environmental pollutions, carcinogenic impurities, acute toxicity and endocrine disruption. Due to rapid urbanizations and growth populations, TCS was detected in many sewage treatment plants, river, and soil. The conventional system that was used to remove TCS and other pollutants from water used a lot of chemicals, involved a time-consuming procedure and cannot effectively remove all the pollutants from water. Therefore, the effective method to remove TCS with high removal rate in shorter time was studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of TCS from aqueous solution by combining the activated carbon (AC) with nylon 6,6 nanofiber. In this study, AC from coconut pulp waste (Cocos nuciefera) and nylon 6,6 nanofiber were used to remove TCS from aqueous solution. The effects of physico-chemical parameters and physical-chemical characteristics for both AC and nanofiber have been studied to determine the best possible conditions for maximum removal of TCS. The AC was prepared by using coconut pulp waste treated with Zinc Chloride and was carbonized under nitrogen flow at 300 °C for 1 hour. The nylon 6,6 nanofiber [14 wt.%] was prepared by using electrospinning machine with injection rate at 0.4 mL/h, tip-to-collector distance at 15 cm, rotation speed at 1000 rpm and high voltage at 26 kV. The parameters studied for AC and nylon 6,6 nanofiber during the adsorption test were contact time, adsorbent dosage, agitation speed, initial TCS concentration, pH and temperature of the TCS solution. Besides that, the filtration test was done by using flat sheet membrane test machine at pressure 1.0 bar. The characteristics of AC and nylon 6,6 nanofiber were analysed by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). The experiments show that the adsorption method by using AC can remove 83.3 % of TCS within 20 minutes and the filtration method by using nylon 6,6 can remove 90.2 % TCS within 5 minutes. After combine the adsorption and filtration method of both AC and nylon 6,6 nanofiber, the removal of TCS increased to 100 % removal in less than 5 minutes. For isotherms study, the AC follow Langmuir isotherm and nylon 6,6 nanofiber follow Freundlich isotherm. While for kinetics study, both AC and nylon 6,6 follow pseudo-second-order model. This study proved that the combination of AC and nylon 6,6 nanofiber can increase the removal of TCS in water. 2020 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/91963/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/91963/1/NorKhorihaEliysaMSKA2020.pdf.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:138700 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Faculty of Engineering - School of Civil Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General)
spellingShingle	TA Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General) Nor Khoriha Eliysa, Mohd. Khori Removal of triclosan from aqueous solution by activated carbon and nylon 6,6 nanofiber
description	Triclosan (TCS) is one of the biocide that functions as antibacterial and antifungal agent and has the ability to kill and hinder the growth of bacteria. Hence, it is used in many personal care and health care products such as in shampoo, detergent, first aid, deodorant and cosmetics. However, TCS can cause health and environmental problems such as environmental pollutions, carcinogenic impurities, acute toxicity and endocrine disruption. Due to rapid urbanizations and growth populations, TCS was detected in many sewage treatment plants, river, and soil. The conventional system that was used to remove TCS and other pollutants from water used a lot of chemicals, involved a time-consuming procedure and cannot effectively remove all the pollutants from water. Therefore, the effective method to remove TCS with high removal rate in shorter time was studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of TCS from aqueous solution by combining the activated carbon (AC) with nylon 6,6 nanofiber. In this study, AC from coconut pulp waste (Cocos nuciefera) and nylon 6,6 nanofiber were used to remove TCS from aqueous solution. The effects of physico-chemical parameters and physical-chemical characteristics for both AC and nanofiber have been studied to determine the best possible conditions for maximum removal of TCS. The AC was prepared by using coconut pulp waste treated with Zinc Chloride and was carbonized under nitrogen flow at 300 °C for 1 hour. The nylon 6,6 nanofiber [14 wt.%] was prepared by using electrospinning machine with injection rate at 0.4 mL/h, tip-to-collector distance at 15 cm, rotation speed at 1000 rpm and high voltage at 26 kV. The parameters studied for AC and nylon 6,6 nanofiber during the adsorption test were contact time, adsorbent dosage, agitation speed, initial TCS concentration, pH and temperature of the TCS solution. Besides that, the filtration test was done by using flat sheet membrane test machine at pressure 1.0 bar. The characteristics of AC and nylon 6,6 nanofiber were analysed by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). The experiments show that the adsorption method by using AC can remove 83.3 % of TCS within 20 minutes and the filtration method by using nylon 6,6 can remove 90.2 % TCS within 5 minutes. After combine the adsorption and filtration method of both AC and nylon 6,6 nanofiber, the removal of TCS increased to 100 % removal in less than 5 minutes. For isotherms study, the AC follow Langmuir isotherm and nylon 6,6 nanofiber follow Freundlich isotherm. While for kinetics study, both AC and nylon 6,6 follow pseudo-second-order model. This study proved that the combination of AC and nylon 6,6 nanofiber can increase the removal of TCS in water.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Nor Khoriha Eliysa, Mohd. Khori
author_facet	Nor Khoriha Eliysa, Mohd. Khori
author_sort	Nor Khoriha Eliysa, Mohd. Khori
title	Removal of triclosan from aqueous solution by activated carbon and nylon 6,6 nanofiber
title_short	Removal of triclosan from aqueous solution by activated carbon and nylon 6,6 nanofiber
title_full	Removal of triclosan from aqueous solution by activated carbon and nylon 6,6 nanofiber
title_fullStr	Removal of triclosan from aqueous solution by activated carbon and nylon 6,6 nanofiber
title_full_unstemmed	Removal of triclosan from aqueous solution by activated carbon and nylon 6,6 nanofiber
title_sort	removal of triclosan from aqueous solution by activated carbon and nylon 6,6 nanofiber
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Engineering - School of Civil Engineering
publishDate	2020
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/91963/1/NorKhorihaEliysaMSKA2020.pdf.pdf
_version_	1747818543861202944

Removal of triclosan from aqueous solution by activated carbon and nylon 6,6 nanofiber

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