Synthesis and characterization of elastomeric silicone urethane acrylate hydrogels via ultraviolet light-emitting diode photopolymerization

A new and simple method to develop highly stretchable and resilient hydrogels via ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV LED) photopolymerization was carried out. Firstly, a single network (SN) polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel was prepared. The SN hydrogel had achieved about > 98 % monomer conversion...

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Main Author:	Abdul Khalid, Nur Amanina
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/91996/1/NurAmaninaAbdulKhalidMSChE2019.pdf
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spelling	my-utm-ep.919962021-08-30T04:59:07Z Synthesis and characterization of elastomeric silicone urethane acrylate hydrogels via ultraviolet light-emitting diode photopolymerization 2019 Abdul Khalid, Nur Amanina TP Chemical technology A new and simple method to develop highly stretchable and resilient hydrogels via ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV LED) photopolymerization was carried out. Firstly, a single network (SN) polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel was prepared. The SN hydrogel had achieved about > 98 % monomer conversion, 66 to 82 % gel fraction and 10.7 ± 0.1 to 4.1 ± 0.01 swelling degree. Differential scanning calorimetry result showed the existence of bound and free water in PAAm hydrogel which have interrelation with the swelling and tensile properties. Nevertheless, the SN hydrogels demonstrated poor tensile properties (tensile strength: ~ 0.06 MPa, Young’s modulus: 0.26 ± 0.02 MPa, elongation at break: ~ 32 ± 3.4 % and toughness: ~ 1104 ± 90.5 J/m2) which severely limit their extensive uses for the advanced functional material. Thus, double network (DN) hydrogels were prepared and characterized by adding chitosan hyaluronic acid (ChiHA) to PAAm SN hydrogels at concentration ranging from 20-50 wt%. The optimized DN hydrogel with 30 wt% of ChiHA composition exhibited higher monomer conversion (up to 99 %), gel fraction (~ 73 to 98 %) and tensile properties (tensile strength: ~ 0.16 MPa, Young’s modulus: ~ 0.47 MPa, elongation at break: ~ 49 ± 0.1 % and toughness: ~ 1785 ± 58.4 J/m2). However, the resilience property in DN hydrogels was low as indicated by large hysteresis upon loading-unloading cycle. To overcome this problem, the selected compositions of DN hydrogels with 40 and 50 wt% of overall monomer concentration (OMC) were modified to produce elastomeric hydrogels (EH). Silicone urethane acrylate (SUA), an elastomeric and resilient material, was integrated into DN hydrogels in a “sandwich-like” form via photopolymerization. EH was successfully polymerized by reaching up to 99 % of gel fraction. The peaks from Fourier transform infrared spectra at 1262, 1096, 1023 and 802 cm-1 were attributed to Si–CH3, Si–O–Si, –C-O and Si-C stretching mode for SUA network. EH possessed excellent tensile properties where its tensile strength, Young’s modulus, toughness and elongation at break were ~ 2-13 times larger than SN and DN hydrogels. EH also exhibited a remarkable compressive strength (~ 1.5 MPa), exceptional fracture toughness (~ 36851 J/m2) and highly resilient (~ 93 %). These exceptional properties were due to the reversible assembly of the strong and flexible SUA chain, which could be explained by the dissipation of the crack energy along the EH network. The temporarily molecular dissociation in EH network which could be instantly reconstructed during unloading process may also be responsible. These fascinating properties of the novel EH had offered an alternative candidate for biomaterial applications. 2019 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/91996/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/91996/1/NurAmaninaAbdulKhalidMSChE2019.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:139401 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Abdul Khalid, Nur Amanina Synthesis and characterization of elastomeric silicone urethane acrylate hydrogels via ultraviolet light-emitting diode photopolymerization
description	A new and simple method to develop highly stretchable and resilient hydrogels via ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV LED) photopolymerization was carried out. Firstly, a single network (SN) polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel was prepared. The SN hydrogel had achieved about > 98 % monomer conversion, 66 to 82 % gel fraction and 10.7 ± 0.1 to 4.1 ± 0.01 swelling degree. Differential scanning calorimetry result showed the existence of bound and free water in PAAm hydrogel which have interrelation with the swelling and tensile properties. Nevertheless, the SN hydrogels demonstrated poor tensile properties (tensile strength: ~ 0.06 MPa, Young’s modulus: 0.26 ± 0.02 MPa, elongation at break: ~ 32 ± 3.4 % and toughness: ~ 1104 ± 90.5 J/m2) which severely limit their extensive uses for the advanced functional material. Thus, double network (DN) hydrogels were prepared and characterized by adding chitosan hyaluronic acid (ChiHA) to PAAm SN hydrogels at concentration ranging from 20-50 wt%. The optimized DN hydrogel with 30 wt% of ChiHA composition exhibited higher monomer conversion (up to 99 %), gel fraction (~ 73 to 98 %) and tensile properties (tensile strength: ~ 0.16 MPa, Young’s modulus: ~ 0.47 MPa, elongation at break: ~ 49 ± 0.1 % and toughness: ~ 1785 ± 58.4 J/m2). However, the resilience property in DN hydrogels was low as indicated by large hysteresis upon loading-unloading cycle. To overcome this problem, the selected compositions of DN hydrogels with 40 and 50 wt% of overall monomer concentration (OMC) were modified to produce elastomeric hydrogels (EH). Silicone urethane acrylate (SUA), an elastomeric and resilient material, was integrated into DN hydrogels in a “sandwich-like” form via photopolymerization. EH was successfully polymerized by reaching up to 99 % of gel fraction. The peaks from Fourier transform infrared spectra at 1262, 1096, 1023 and 802 cm-1 were attributed to Si–CH3, Si–O–Si, –C-O and Si-C stretching mode for SUA network. EH possessed excellent tensile properties where its tensile strength, Young’s modulus, toughness and elongation at break were ~ 2-13 times larger than SN and DN hydrogels. EH also exhibited a remarkable compressive strength (~ 1.5 MPa), exceptional fracture toughness (~ 36851 J/m2) and highly resilient (~ 93 %). These exceptional properties were due to the reversible assembly of the strong and flexible SUA chain, which could be explained by the dissipation of the crack energy along the EH network. The temporarily molecular dissociation in EH network which could be instantly reconstructed during unloading process may also be responsible. These fascinating properties of the novel EH had offered an alternative candidate for biomaterial applications.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Abdul Khalid, Nur Amanina
author_facet	Abdul Khalid, Nur Amanina
author_sort	Abdul Khalid, Nur Amanina
title	Synthesis and characterization of elastomeric silicone urethane acrylate hydrogels via ultraviolet light-emitting diode photopolymerization
title_short	Synthesis and characterization of elastomeric silicone urethane acrylate hydrogels via ultraviolet light-emitting diode photopolymerization
title_full	Synthesis and characterization of elastomeric silicone urethane acrylate hydrogels via ultraviolet light-emitting diode photopolymerization
title_fullStr	Synthesis and characterization of elastomeric silicone urethane acrylate hydrogels via ultraviolet light-emitting diode photopolymerization
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis and characterization of elastomeric silicone urethane acrylate hydrogels via ultraviolet light-emitting diode photopolymerization
title_sort	synthesis and characterization of elastomeric silicone urethane acrylate hydrogels via ultraviolet light-emitting diode photopolymerization
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
publishDate	2019
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/91996/1/NurAmaninaAbdulKhalidMSChE2019.pdf
_version_	1747818551953063936

Synthesis and characterization of elastomeric silicone urethane acrylate hydrogels via ultraviolet light-emitting diode photopolymerization

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