Synthesis and characterization of poly (Lactic Acid) plasticized palm oil phosphate ester

This study focusing on the synthesis of epoxidized palm oil (EPO) containing flame retardant group, palm oil phosphate ester (POPE) into poly (lactic acid) (PLA) by using melt blending technique. POPE was synthesized by reacting EPO and diethyl phosphate as flame retardant catalyzed by triphenyl pho...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Samsudin, Nur Nadia
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2020
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92016/1/NurNadiaSamsudinMSChE2020.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-utm-ep.92016
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-utm-ep.920162021-08-30T04:59:08Z Synthesis and characterization of poly (Lactic Acid) plasticized palm oil phosphate ester 2020 Samsudin, Nur Nadia TP Chemical technology This study focusing on the synthesis of epoxidized palm oil (EPO) containing flame retardant group, palm oil phosphate ester (POPE) into poly (lactic acid) (PLA) by using melt blending technique. POPE was synthesized by reacting EPO and diethyl phosphate as flame retardant catalyzed by triphenyl phosphine. The effect on variation of catalyst concentration, time and temperature on the yield of synthesized POPE were studied. Triphenyl phosphine acted as a catalyst was varied at the amount of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 g while temperature ranging from 70, 80, 90 and 100 °C and 1 to 5 h for time variation. Then, PLA was mixed at various amount of POPE. The optimum formulation on POPE was determined by varying the content of POPE from 1 to 5 wt% into the PLA to produce good mechanical and flame retardant properties. Characterizations of POPE and PLA/POPE blends were conducted by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The samples of PLA/POPE were studied by using tensile test, flexural test and impact test to determine their mechanical properties. While thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were performed to analyze thermal characteristics of the blends. Limiting oxygen index (LOI) test was conducted to determine the flammability properties of PLA/POPE blends. Finally, the surface of PLA/POPE samples before and after LOI test were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy for morphological study. The optimal reaction for POPE was achieved at 0.2 g catalyst, 80 °C temperature for the reaction time of 4 h. In general, the addition of POPE into PLA reduced the mechanical properties such as stiffness and tensile strength. On the other hand, it increased an elongation at break. Moreover it was observed that the thermal stability of PLA/POPE blend increased by incorporating POPE. Besides that, the incorporation of POPE into PLA improved the flammability properties of the PLA/POPE blend with LOI value of 30. The morphological studies revealed that the maximum amount of POPE which could be well dispersed was at 1 wt% of POPE. Based on the results obtained, the optimum loading in terms of mechanical and flammability properties for POPE incorporating with PLA was at 1 wt%. 2020 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92016/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92016/1/NurNadiaSamsudinMSChE2020.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:139199 masters Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Samsudin, Nur Nadia Synthesis and characterization of poly (Lactic Acid) plasticized palm oil phosphate ester
description	This study focusing on the synthesis of epoxidized palm oil (EPO) containing flame retardant group, palm oil phosphate ester (POPE) into poly (lactic acid) (PLA) by using melt blending technique. POPE was synthesized by reacting EPO and diethyl phosphate as flame retardant catalyzed by triphenyl phosphine. The effect on variation of catalyst concentration, time and temperature on the yield of synthesized POPE were studied. Triphenyl phosphine acted as a catalyst was varied at the amount of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 g while temperature ranging from 70, 80, 90 and 100 °C and 1 to 5 h for time variation. Then, PLA was mixed at various amount of POPE. The optimum formulation on POPE was determined by varying the content of POPE from 1 to 5 wt% into the PLA to produce good mechanical and flame retardant properties. Characterizations of POPE and PLA/POPE blends were conducted by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The samples of PLA/POPE were studied by using tensile test, flexural test and impact test to determine their mechanical properties. While thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were performed to analyze thermal characteristics of the blends. Limiting oxygen index (LOI) test was conducted to determine the flammability properties of PLA/POPE blends. Finally, the surface of PLA/POPE samples before and after LOI test were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy for morphological study. The optimal reaction for POPE was achieved at 0.2 g catalyst, 80 °C temperature for the reaction time of 4 h. In general, the addition of POPE into PLA reduced the mechanical properties such as stiffness and tensile strength. On the other hand, it increased an elongation at break. Moreover it was observed that the thermal stability of PLA/POPE blend increased by incorporating POPE. Besides that, the incorporation of POPE into PLA improved the flammability properties of the PLA/POPE blend with LOI value of 30. The morphological studies revealed that the maximum amount of POPE which could be well dispersed was at 1 wt% of POPE. Based on the results obtained, the optimum loading in terms of mechanical and flammability properties for POPE incorporating with PLA was at 1 wt%.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Samsudin, Nur Nadia
author_facet	Samsudin, Nur Nadia
author_sort	Samsudin, Nur Nadia
title	Synthesis and characterization of poly (Lactic Acid) plasticized palm oil phosphate ester
title_short	Synthesis and characterization of poly (Lactic Acid) plasticized palm oil phosphate ester
title_full	Synthesis and characterization of poly (Lactic Acid) plasticized palm oil phosphate ester
title_fullStr	Synthesis and characterization of poly (Lactic Acid) plasticized palm oil phosphate ester
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis and characterization of poly (Lactic Acid) plasticized palm oil phosphate ester
title_sort	synthesis and characterization of poly (lactic acid) plasticized palm oil phosphate ester
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
granting_department	Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
publishDate	2020
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92016/1/NurNadiaSamsudinMSChE2020.pdf
_version_	1747818555164852224

Synthesis and characterization of poly (Lactic Acid) plasticized palm oil phosphate ester

Similar Items