Use of Bioactivator mixture for the composting process of empty fruit bunch

The development of palm oil industry generates large numbers of empty fruit bunches (EFB) as a by-product. Commonly, palm oil industries discharge EFB to their plantation as mulching. However, this strategy requires a large space, a lot of labours, high costs for EFB distribution and it reduces soil...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Muhamad, Ida Idayu
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92411/1/DesrihatutiP2019.pdf.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-utm-ep.92411
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-utm-ep.924112021-09-28T07:34:18Z Use of Bioactivator mixture for the composting process of empty fruit bunch 2019 Muhamad, Ida Idayu TP Chemical technology The development of palm oil industry generates large numbers of empty fruit bunches (EFB) as a by-product. Commonly, palm oil industries discharge EFB to their plantation as mulching. However, this strategy requires a large space, a lot of labours, high costs for EFB distribution and it reduces soil fertility due to its oil content. An alternative method that can be applied for reducing EFB is by composting the EFB. However, the drawback of this approach is the long duration of this composting process. Hence the purpose of this study was to shorten the duration of the EFB composting by mixing EFB with some bioactivator consisting of agro-wastes such as palm oil mill effluent, Eucalyptus leaf litter and biosludge of pulp and paper (BPP). The composting of EFB used passive aeration method in the reactor bin with the composting duration for 90 days. During the composting process, physical changes such as colour, odour, texture and temperature were recorded every day. Chemical changes such as pH, moisture content, macronutrients, micronutrients, heavy metal contents and bacterial concentrations were analyzed for every ten days interval. Findings of this study showed that BPP was the best bioactivator in the composting of EFB. The optimization of EFB composting process was carried out by setting the EFB size and adjusting the initial moisture ratio. The best treatment combination was using SR6 which was EFB size of 1.5 cm with a mixture ratio of 60 % of EFB and 40 % of BPP. Finally, the resulted compost from treatment of SR6 was tested in the plantation study, and the best dose for enhancing the growth and yield of corn was using compost of 35 ton/ha. For future study, mechanical treatment and forced aeration method are suggested to be applied before starting the composting process. In addition, soil analysis and comparison between the application of organic and chemical fertilizers are suggested to be observed in order to know the effect of compost application. 2019 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92411/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92411/1/DesrihatutiP2019.pdf.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:138727 phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Muhamad, Ida Idayu Use of Bioactivator mixture for the composting process of empty fruit bunch
description	The development of palm oil industry generates large numbers of empty fruit bunches (EFB) as a by-product. Commonly, palm oil industries discharge EFB to their plantation as mulching. However, this strategy requires a large space, a lot of labours, high costs for EFB distribution and it reduces soil fertility due to its oil content. An alternative method that can be applied for reducing EFB is by composting the EFB. However, the drawback of this approach is the long duration of this composting process. Hence the purpose of this study was to shorten the duration of the EFB composting by mixing EFB with some bioactivator consisting of agro-wastes such as palm oil mill effluent, Eucalyptus leaf litter and biosludge of pulp and paper (BPP). The composting of EFB used passive aeration method in the reactor bin with the composting duration for 90 days. During the composting process, physical changes such as colour, odour, texture and temperature were recorded every day. Chemical changes such as pH, moisture content, macronutrients, micronutrients, heavy metal contents and bacterial concentrations were analyzed for every ten days interval. Findings of this study showed that BPP was the best bioactivator in the composting of EFB. The optimization of EFB composting process was carried out by setting the EFB size and adjusting the initial moisture ratio. The best treatment combination was using SR6 which was EFB size of 1.5 cm with a mixture ratio of 60 % of EFB and 40 % of BPP. Finally, the resulted compost from treatment of SR6 was tested in the plantation study, and the best dose for enhancing the growth and yield of corn was using compost of 35 ton/ha. For future study, mechanical treatment and forced aeration method are suggested to be applied before starting the composting process. In addition, soil analysis and comparison between the application of organic and chemical fertilizers are suggested to be observed in order to know the effect of compost application.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Muhamad, Ida Idayu
author_facet	Muhamad, Ida Idayu
author_sort	Muhamad, Ida Idayu
title	Use of Bioactivator mixture for the composting process of empty fruit bunch
title_short	Use of Bioactivator mixture for the composting process of empty fruit bunch
title_full	Use of Bioactivator mixture for the composting process of empty fruit bunch
title_fullStr	Use of Bioactivator mixture for the composting process of empty fruit bunch
title_full_unstemmed	Use of Bioactivator mixture for the composting process of empty fruit bunch
title_sort	use of bioactivator mixture for the composting process of empty fruit bunch
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Engineering - School of Chemical & Energy Engineering
publishDate	2019
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/92411/1/DesrihatutiP2019.pdf.pdf
_version_	1747818594633252864

Use of Bioactivator mixture for the composting process of empty fruit bunch

Similar Items