Optimising intensive green roof environmental performance towards carbon sequestration rate

Despite the abundant studies on the environmental performance of green roofs, studies related to carbon sequestration have received less attention from researchers. Previous studies have revealed that carbon sequestration contribution is limited compared to the amount of CO2 emitted by buildings. Fu...

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Main Author:	Wan Ismail, Wan Zuriea
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2021
Subjects:	TX955-985 Building management
Online Access:	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/96179/1/WanZurieaWanIsmailPFABU2021.pdf.pdf
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id	my-utm-ep.96179
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spelling	my-utm-ep.961792022-07-04T08:05:42Z Optimising intensive green roof environmental performance towards carbon sequestration rate 2021 Wan Ismail, Wan Zuriea TX955-985 Building management Despite the abundant studies on the environmental performance of green roofs, studies related to carbon sequestration have received less attention from researchers. Previous studies have revealed that carbon sequestration contribution is limited compared to the amount of CO2 emitted by buildings. Furthermore, no research has been done to investigate the ways to improve carbon sequestration performance through intensive green roofs, which is crucial to offset CO2 emission. To address this gap, this research was undertaken with four research objectives which are to identify the factors affecting carbon sequestration on intensive green roofs, to investigate the current intensive green roof practice on carbon sequestration performance, to estimate the amount of carbon sequestration on intensive green roofs, and to determine the significant factors for improving carbon sequestration performance on intensive green roofs. The research objectives were achieved through 3 phases. Phase 1 was conducted through an extensive literature review and verification by experts to achieve the first objective. 20 sub-factors affecting carbon sequestration on intensive green roofs were identified and classified into 3 main factors, namely plants, the physical of green roofs, and maintenance. Phase 2 included an investigation involving nine (9) case studies with multisource evidence such as field surveys, semi-structured interviews, document reviews, and observations to achieve the second and third objectives. The investigation disclosed the current practice of intensive green roofs with three different typologies termed as Type A, Type B, and Type C. Based on the ranked factors and the rate of carbon sequestration, Type B is the best for optimising carbon sequestration performance. Overall, the nine case studies contributed to 3,601 tree planting and the average number of trees for each case study was 400 with an average density of 0.126 per tree per square metre of green roofs, while 39% of the tree species were made up of Syzygium oleina. Meanwhile, the total estimated amount of carbon sequestration for all case studies is 48,410 kg CO2 per year with an average of 5378.90 kg CO2 per year for each case study. Each tree was also estimated to sequester carbon at 11.72 kg CO2 per year. The estimated amount of carbon sequestration for one square metre of intensive green roof was 1.69 kg CO2 per year with the highest amount estimated at 7.305 kg CO2 per year. The final phase of the study achieved the fourth objective by which the data collected from the case studies were analysed using regression analysis. The analysis revealed two significant factors affecting the carbon sequestration performance of intensive green roof which are green area percentage and plant diversity. The findings provided useful guidance to policymakers, designers, facility managers, and building owners to maximise carbon sequestration on intensive green roofs to reduce global warming. 2021 Thesis http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/96179/ http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/96179/1/WanZurieaWanIsmailPFABU2021.pdf.pdf application/pdf en public http://dms.library.utm.my:8080/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:142630 phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Faculty of Built Environment & Surveying
institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
collection	UTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TX955-985 Building management
spellingShingle	TX955-985 Building management Wan Ismail, Wan Zuriea Optimising intensive green roof environmental performance towards carbon sequestration rate
description	Despite the abundant studies on the environmental performance of green roofs, studies related to carbon sequestration have received less attention from researchers. Previous studies have revealed that carbon sequestration contribution is limited compared to the amount of CO2 emitted by buildings. Furthermore, no research has been done to investigate the ways to improve carbon sequestration performance through intensive green roofs, which is crucial to offset CO2 emission. To address this gap, this research was undertaken with four research objectives which are to identify the factors affecting carbon sequestration on intensive green roofs, to investigate the current intensive green roof practice on carbon sequestration performance, to estimate the amount of carbon sequestration on intensive green roofs, and to determine the significant factors for improving carbon sequestration performance on intensive green roofs. The research objectives were achieved through 3 phases. Phase 1 was conducted through an extensive literature review and verification by experts to achieve the first objective. 20 sub-factors affecting carbon sequestration on intensive green roofs were identified and classified into 3 main factors, namely plants, the physical of green roofs, and maintenance. Phase 2 included an investigation involving nine (9) case studies with multisource evidence such as field surveys, semi-structured interviews, document reviews, and observations to achieve the second and third objectives. The investigation disclosed the current practice of intensive green roofs with three different typologies termed as Type A, Type B, and Type C. Based on the ranked factors and the rate of carbon sequestration, Type B is the best for optimising carbon sequestration performance. Overall, the nine case studies contributed to 3,601 tree planting and the average number of trees for each case study was 400 with an average density of 0.126 per tree per square metre of green roofs, while 39% of the tree species were made up of Syzygium oleina. Meanwhile, the total estimated amount of carbon sequestration for all case studies is 48,410 kg CO2 per year with an average of 5378.90 kg CO2 per year for each case study. Each tree was also estimated to sequester carbon at 11.72 kg CO2 per year. The estimated amount of carbon sequestration for one square metre of intensive green roof was 1.69 kg CO2 per year with the highest amount estimated at 7.305 kg CO2 per year. The final phase of the study achieved the fourth objective by which the data collected from the case studies were analysed using regression analysis. The analysis revealed two significant factors affecting the carbon sequestration performance of intensive green roof which are green area percentage and plant diversity. The findings provided useful guidance to policymakers, designers, facility managers, and building owners to maximise carbon sequestration on intensive green roofs to reduce global warming.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Wan Ismail, Wan Zuriea
author_facet	Wan Ismail, Wan Zuriea
author_sort	Wan Ismail, Wan Zuriea
title	Optimising intensive green roof environmental performance towards carbon sequestration rate
title_short	Optimising intensive green roof environmental performance towards carbon sequestration rate
title_full	Optimising intensive green roof environmental performance towards carbon sequestration rate
title_fullStr	Optimising intensive green roof environmental performance towards carbon sequestration rate
title_full_unstemmed	Optimising intensive green roof environmental performance towards carbon sequestration rate
title_sort	optimising intensive green roof environmental performance towards carbon sequestration rate
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Built Environment & Surveying
publishDate	2021
url	http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/96179/1/WanZurieaWanIsmailPFABU2021.pdf.pdf
_version_	1747818643617480704

Optimising intensive green roof environmental performance towards carbon sequestration rate

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