Development of Fibres Reinforced Intumescent Coatings for Mild Steel Structures
Saved in:
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Format: | Thesis |
Published: |
2013
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://eprints.utp.edu.my/9896/1/PhD%20Certification%20Letter.pdf |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
id |
my-utp-ep.9896 |
---|---|
record_format |
uketd_dc |
institution |
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS |
collection |
UTP Institutional Repository |
topic |
TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
spellingShingle |
TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Amir, Norlaili Development of Fibres Reinforced Intumescent Coatings for Mild Steel Structures |
description |
|
format |
Thesis |
qualification_level |
Doctorate |
author |
Amir, Norlaili |
author_facet |
Amir, Norlaili |
author_sort |
Amir, Norlaili |
title |
Development of Fibres Reinforced Intumescent Coatings for Mild Steel Structures |
title_short |
Development of Fibres Reinforced Intumescent Coatings for Mild Steel Structures |
title_full |
Development of Fibres Reinforced Intumescent Coatings for Mild Steel Structures |
title_fullStr |
Development of Fibres Reinforced Intumescent Coatings for Mild Steel Structures |
title_full_unstemmed |
Development of Fibres Reinforced Intumescent Coatings for Mild Steel Structures |
title_sort |
development of fibres reinforced intumescent coatings for mild steel structures |
granting_institution |
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS |
granting_department |
Mechanical Engineering |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://eprints.utp.edu.my/9896/1/PhD%20Certification%20Letter.pdf |
_version_ |
1747837933407174656 |
spelling |
my-utp-ep.98962013-09-27T07:27:16Z Development of Fibres Reinforced Intumescent Coatings for Mild Steel Structures 2013-06-20 Amir, Norlaili TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery 2013-06 Thesis http://eprints.utp.edu.my/9896/ http://eprints.utp.edu.my/9896/1/PhD%20Certification%20Letter.pdf application/pdf phd Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Mechanical Engineering Adams, P. M. 2001. Electron Backscatter Diffraction in the Scanning Electron Microscope: A New Tool in Mineralogy? Microbits [Online]. Available: http://www.mineralsocal.org/micro/microbits/2001jun.htm. Amir, N., Ahmad, F. & Megat-Yusoff, P. S. M. 2011a. Characterization of Inorganic Non-Metallic Fibre Reinforced Epoxy-Based Intumescent Coatings (FRIC) and Chartex 7. Engineering e-Transaction, 6, 143-151. Amir, N., Ahmad, F. & Megat-Yusoff, P. S. M. 2011b. Study on the Fibre Reinforced Epoxy-Based Intumescent Coating Formulations and their Char Characteristics. Journal of Applied Sciences, 11, 1678-1687. ASFP 2008. Code of Practice for the Specification & On-Site Installation of Intumescent Coatings ASFP Technical Guidance Document 11: 2008. England. ASME 2005. Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Section II, Part A, "Properties". New York. B571-97 2003. Standard Practice for Qualitative Adhesion Testing of Metallic Coatings. Section 2: Metallic and Inorganic Coatings. ASTM. Bernd Clauß 2008. Fibers for Ceramic Matrix Composites. In: Walter Krenkel (ed.) Ceramic Matrix Composites. Weinheim: WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. Billing, R. W. & Castle, G. K. 1978. Structural Support for Char Derived from Intumescent Coatings. Bisby, L. A. 2003. Fire Behaviour of Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Reinforced of Confined Concrete. Ph.D, Queen’s Univ. Bisby, L. A., Green, M. F. & Kodur, V. K. R. 2005a. Response to fire of concrete structures that incorporate FRP. Progress in Structural Engineering and Materials, 7, 136-149. Bisby, L. A., Kodur, V. K. R. & Green, M. F. 2005b. Fire endurance of fiber-reinforced polymer-confined concrete columns. Aci Structural Journal, 102, 883-891. Blontrock, H., Taerwe, L. & Matthys, S. 1999. Properties of Fiber Reinforced Plastics at Elevated Temperatures and Regard to Fire Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Members. Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Reinforced Concrete Structures, 43-54. BOEMRE 2011. Report Regarding the Causes of the April 20, 2010 Macondo Well Blowout. Bourbigot, S., Bras, M. L., Dabrowski, F., Gilman, J. W. & Kashiwagi, T. 2000. PA-6 Clay Nanocomposite Hybrid as Char Forming Agent in Intumescent Formulations. Fire and Materials, 24, 201 – 208. Bourbigot, S., Bras, M. L. & Delobel, R. 1995. Carbonization Mechanisms Resulting from Intumescence - Part II. Association with an Ethylene Terpolymer and the Ammonium Polyphosphate-Pentaerythritol Fire Retardant System. Carbon, 33, 283-294. Bourbigot, S. & Duquesne, S. 2007. Fire Retardant Polymers: Recent Developments and Opportunities. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 17, 2283–2300. Bourbigot, S. & Flambard, X. 2002. Heat Resistance and Flammability of High Performance Fibres: A Review. Fire and Materials, 26, 155-168. BS 476-20 1987. Part 20: Method for Determination of the Fire Resistance of Elements of Construction (General Principles). Fire Tests on Building Materials and Structures. British Standards. Chen, W.-Y., Wang, Y.-Z. & Feng-Chih, C. 2004. Thermal and Flame Retardation Properties of Melamine Phosphate-Modified Epoxy Resins. Journal of Polymer Research, 11, 109-117. Chou, C., Lin, S. & Wang, C. 2009. Preparation and Characterization of the Intumescent Fire Retardant Coating with a New Flame Retardant. Advanced Powder Technology, 169-176. Chowdhury, E. U., Green, M. F., Bisby, L. A., Bénichou, N. & Kodur, V. K. R. 2007. Thermal and Mechanical Characterization of Fibre Reinforced Polymers, Concrete, Steel and Insulation Materials for use in Numerical Fire Endurance Modelling. In: Whistler, B. C. (ed.) Proceedings of Protect 2007. Chuang, C. S., Tsai, K. C., Wang, Y. C., Wang, M. K. & Ko, C. H. 2010. Impact of wetting and drying cycle treatment of intumescent coatings on the fire performance of thin painted red lauan (Parashorea sp.) plywood. Journal of Wood Science, 56, 208-215. CSR Bradford Insulation 2010a. Fibertex-B40 Roofing Roll Fibertex-R40 Building Insulation. CSR Bradford Insulation 2010b. Glasswool Roofing Blanket. Deogon, M. S. 1997. Thermal Protective Compositions. Duh J. G. & Doong J. C. 1993. Structure, Hardness and Adhesion in Electroless Nickel Interlayer Modifies TiN Coating on Mild Steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 56, 257-266. Duquesne, S., Delobel, R. & Jama, C. 2006. Polymer Binder for Intumescent Coatings. EC 2008. Preconference Tutorial, Fire Retardant Coatings III. European Coating Conf. Eskind, G. L., Pliskin, V. R., Satin, R. & Satin, P. S. 2008. Fire Barrier Fabric and Related Fire Protective Coatings. Fajans, K. & Barber, S. W. 1952. Properties and Structures of Vitreous and Crystalline Boron Oxide. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 74, 2761 - 2768. Farid Alfawakhiri, Christopher Hewitt & Robert Solomon 2002. Structural Fire Protection: Common Questions Answered. Modern Steel Construction. AISC and NFPA. FPI. 2009. Fire and Fire Protection a under estimated Problem with Big Consequences for the Climate Change and the People Worldwide [Online]. Fire Protection Industry Worldwide. Available: http://www.hkc22.com/fireprotectionindustry_pressroom_fire.html [Accessed 12 Dec 2009]. Gottfried, S. 1998. Intumescent Fire-Retardant Composition for High Temperature and Long Duration Protection. Grafton, D. 2010. Chartek®: Tried and Tested. A, 53-55. Gu, J.-w., Zhang, G.-c., Dong, S.-l., Zhang, Q.-y. & Kong, J. 2007. Study on Preparation and Fire-Retardant Mechanism Analysis of Intumescent Flame-Retardant Coatings. SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY, 201, 7835-7841. H. Daghnall M. 1986. Exploring Surface Texture, England, Rank Taylor Hobson Limited. Hamdani, S., Longuet, C., Perrin, D., Lopez-cuesta, J. M. & Ganachaud, F. 2009. Flame Retardancy of Silicone-based Materials. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 94, 465-495. Hanafin, J. W. & Bertrand, D. C. 2000. Low Density, Light Weight Intumescent Coating. Helmut Kaiser 2008. Fire Protection Industry 2008 to 2025 is Growing at a Rapid Rate on Innovations and Regulations. PR Log. Jul 04 ed. Horrocks, A. R. & Davies, P. J. 2000. Char Formation in Flame-Retarded Wool Fibres. Part 1. Effect of Intumescent on Thermogravimetric Behaviour. Fire and Materials, 24, 151-157. Horrocks, A. R., Kandola, B. K., Davies, P. J., Zhang, S. & Padbury, S. A. 2005. Developments in Flame Retardant Textiles - A Review. Poly. Degradation & Stability, 88, 3-12. HSE 2007. Advice on Acceptance Criteria for Damaged Passive Fire Protection (PFP) Coatings: Offshore Info Sheet No 12/2007. In: Health & Safety Executive (ed.). Aberdeen. Huang, Y. W., Ma, J. J. & Yang, J. X. 2012. Intumescent Flame Retardant Epoxy Resins Based on Condensation Polymers of P-Phenylenediamine and Bispirocyclic Pentaerythritol Diphosphate. Advanced Materials Research, 482 - 484, 1863-1868. International 2009. It Began in 1881. AkzoNobel. International. 2011. Fire Protection Technical Information [Online]. Available: http://www.international-pc.com/products/fire-protection/fire-protection-technical-information.aspx [Accessed 11 Oct. 2011]. International 2012a. Chartex 7 Epoxy Intumescent: Product Description. AkzoNobel. International. 2012b. Track Records [Online]. Available: http://www.international-pc.com/resource-centre/track-records.aspx [Accessed 2012]. Isolite 2010. Isowool Ceramic Fiber 1260 Blanket. JBPM. 2012a. Perangkaan Kebakaran Mengikut Jenis Bangunan Di Malaysia Bagi Tahun 2011 [Online]. Available: http://www.bomba.gov.my/fileupload/statistik/jenis%20bangunan%202011.jpg [Accessed 2012]. JBPM. 2012b. Perangkaan Kebakaran Mengikut Jenis Kebakaran Di Malaysia Bagi Tahun 2011 [Online]. Available: http://www.bomba.gov.my/fileupload/statistik/jenis%20kebakaran%202011.jpg [Accessed 2012]. Jimenez, M., Duquesne, S. & Bourbigot, S. 2006a. Characterization of the Performance of an Intumescent Fire Protective Coating. Surface & Coatings Technology, 201, 979-987. Jimenez, M., Duquesne, S. & Bourbigot, S. 2006b. High-throughput fire testing for intumescent coatings. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 45, 7475-7481. Jimenez, M., Duquesne, S. & Bourbigot, S. 2006c. Intumescent Fire Protective coating: Toward a Better Understanding of their Mechanism of Action. Thermochimica Acta, 16-26. Jimenez, M., Duquesne, S. & Bourbigot, S. 2006d. Multiscale Experimental Approach for Developing High-Performance Intumescent Coatings. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45, 4500-4508. Kandola, B. K., Akonda, M. H. & Horrocks, A. R. 2005. Use of High-Performance Fibres and Intumescents as Char Promoters in Glass-Reinforced Polyester Composites. Poly. Degradation & Stability, 88, 123-129. Kandola, B. K., Horrocks, A. R. & Horrocks, S. 2001. Complex Char Formation in Flame-Retarded Fibre–Intumescent Combinations. Part V. Exploring Different Fibre/Intumescent Combinations. Fire and Materials, 25, 153-160. Lafranche, E., Krawczak, P., Ciolczyk, J. P. & Maugey, J. 2007. Injection Moulding of Long Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyamide 6-6: Guidelines to Improve Flexural Properties. eXPRESS Polymer Letters, 1, 456-466. Langer, R. L. 1996. Intumescent Sheet Materials with Glass Fibers. Lapinus Fibres 2007. Coating Additives: Coating with Industrial Strength. In: Lapinus Fibres Bv (ed.). Netherland. Lapinus Fibres 2009. Lapinus Fibres in Intumescent Coatings - Improved Fire Rating. Lapinus Technical Paper. Lapinus Fibres. Leng Chunting. 2004. Method for Producing Nano Fire Resistant and Fire Retardant Fibre. Lu, S. Y. & Hamerton, I. 2002. Recent Developments in the Chemistry of Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Polymers. Progress in Polymer Science (Oxford), 27, 1661-1712. Mangonon, P. L. 1999. The Principles of Materials Selection for Engineering Design, US, Prentice Hall, Inc. Marion, A. R. 2004. The Chemistry and Physics of Coatings, The Royal Society of Chemistry. Masterturk. 2011. Steel Frame Construction The Material Steel [Online]. Construction 53. Available: http://www.construction53.com/2011/04/steel-frame-construction-the-material-steel/ [Accessed 4 Aug 2011]. Moon, O. M., Kang, B. C., Lee, S. B. & Boo, J. H. 2004. Temperature Effect on Structural Properties of Boron Oxide Thin Films Deposited by MOCVD Method. Thin Solid Films, 464-465, 164-169. Mouritz, A. P. 2002. Post-Fire Flexural Properties of Fibre-Reinforced Polyester, Epoxy and Phenolic Composites. Journal of Material Science, 37, 1377-1386. Nalepa, R. W. & Scharf, D. J. 1993. Three-Component Intumescent Flame Retardant. NASA 2006. Fire-Resistant Reinforcement Makes Steel Structures Sturdier. Nielsen, M. L. & Arnold, R. W. 1954. Flameproofing Composition of Nitrogen-Phosphorus Compound in Combination with Organic Compound Having Free Hydroxy Radicals. Nugent, R. M., Jr., Ward, T. A., Greigger, P. P. & Seiner, J. A. 1992. Flexible Intumescent Coating Composition. 589,368. Olcese, T. & Pagella, C. 1999. Vitreous Fillers in Intumescent Coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 36, 231-241. Pereyra, A. M., Canosa, G. & Giudice, C. A. 2010. Nanostructured Protective Coating Systems, Fireproof and Environmentally Friendly, Suitable for the Protection of Metallic Substrates. Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 49, 2740-2746. PTS 20.184 1990. Fire Protection PTS 20.184. PTS Design and Engineering Practice. PETRONAS. Ramı´rez-Vargas, E., Sa´nchez-Valdes, S. l., Parra-Tabla, O., eda-Gutie´rrez, S. C., Me´ndez-Nonell, J., Ramos-deValle, L. F., Lo´pez-Leo´n, A. & Lujan-Acosta, R. 2012. Structural Characterization of LDPE/EVA Blends Containing Nanoclay-Flame Retardant Combinations. J. of Applied Poly. Sci, 123, 1125-1136. Ramsay, R. J. 1997. Onshore Applications for Intumescent Coating Systems. Surface Coatings Inlernaliona, 11, 529. Roberts, T. A., Shirvill, L. C., Waterton, K. & Buckland, I. 2010. Fire resistance of passive fire protection coatings after long-term weathering. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 88, 1-19. Salaun, F., Lewandowski, M., Vroman, I., Bedek, G. & Bourbigot, S. 2011. Development and characterisation of flame-retardant fibres from isotactic polypropylene melt-compounded with melamine-formaldehyde microcapsules. POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY, 96, 131-143. Schartel, B., Kunze, R. & Neubert, D. 2002. J. Appl. Poly. Sci., 83, 2060-2071. Schweitzer, P. A. 2001. Corrosion-Resistant Linings and Coatings, US, Marcel Dekker, Inc. Sean O’Sullivan. 2011. Life of a Building [Online]. Prendos NZ Ltd. Available: http://www.prendos.co.nz/life-of-a-building [Accessed 4 Aug 2011]. Severfield-Rowen Plc. 2007. Intumescent [Online]. Available: http://www.severfield-rowen.com/sev02-4-4.asp [Accessed 8 August 2007]. Sinclair, M. J. & Watts, J. E. 2007. Fire Retardant Intumescent Coating. Sipaut, C. S., Ahmad, N., Adnan, R., Rahman, I. A., Bakar, M. A., Ismail, J. & Chee, C. K. 2007. Properties and Morphology of Bulk Epoxy Composites Filled with Modified Fumed Silica-Epoxy Nanocomposites. Journal of Applied Sciences, 7, 27-34. Sulaiman, A. 2008. Exploring Home Fire Safety Awareness Among The Malaysian Public. UITM. The Freedonia Group, I. 2005. Flame Retardant Demand Continues to Grow. Plastics, Additives and Compounding. Elsevier. The Hon. Lord Cullen 1990. The Public Inquiry into the Piper Alpha Disaster. DEn (HMSO). Thomason, J. L. 2002. The Influence of Fibre Length and Concentration on the Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polypropylene: 5. Injection Moulded Long and Short Fibre PP. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 33, 1641-1652. Tracton 2007. Coating Materials and Surface Coatings. Underwriters Laboratories 1994. UL 1709. Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection Materials for Structural Steel. Vandersall, H. L. 1971. Intumescent Coating Systems, Their Development & Chemistry. J. of Fire & Flammability, 2, 97–140. Versacorp Eng Sdn Bhd. 2012. Track Records [Online]. Kuala Lumpur. Available: http://www.versacorp.com.my/records.php [Accessed 2012]. W. D. Callister Jr. 2007. Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction, John Wiley & Sons. Wang, G. & Yang, J. 2010. Influences of Binder on Fire Protection and Anticorrosion Properties of Intumescent Fire Resistive Coating for Steel Structure. Surface & Coatings Technology, 1186-1192. Wang, J. Q. & Chow, W. K. 2005. A Brief Review on Fire Retardants for Polymeric Foams. J. of Applied Poly. Sci, 97, 366–376. Wang, Z. Y., Han, E. & Ke, W. 2007. Influence of expandable graphite on fire resistance and water resistance of flame-retardant coatings. Corrosion Science, 49, 2237-2253. Wang, Z. Y., Han, E. H. & Ke, W. 2006. Effect of Nanoparticles on the Improvement in Fire-Resistant and Anti-Ageing Properties of Flame-Retardant Coating. Surface & Coatings Technology, 200, 5706-5716. Ward, T. A., Boberski, W. G., Greer, S. T. & Seiner, J. A. 1985. Fire Protective Intumescent Mastic Compositions. Weil, E. D. & Levchick, S. 2004. Review of Current Flame Retardant Systems for Epoxy Resins. Journal of Fire Sciences, 25, 25-40. Wicks Jr., Z. W., Jones, F. N. & Pappas, S. P. 1999. Organic Coatings: Science and Technology, Canada, John Wiley & Sons. Wikipedia. 2010. Mineral Wool [Online]. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mineral_wool [Accessed 28 June]. Yew, M. C. & Sulong, N. H. R. 2011. Effect of Epoxy Binder on Fire Protection and Bonding Strength of Intumescent Fire Protective Coatings for Steel. In: Li, L. J. (ed.) Advances in Building Materials, Pts 1-3. Stafa-Zurich: Trans Tech Publications Ltd. Yew, M. C. & Sulong, N. H. R. 2012. Fire-resistive performance of intumescent flame-retardant coatings for steel. Materials & Design, 34, 719-724. Zhang, J., Hereid, J., Hagen, M., Bakirtzis, D., Delichatsios, M. A., Fina, A., Castrovinci, A., Camino, G., Samyn, F. & Bourbigot, S. 2009. Effects of Nanoclay and Fire Retardants on Fire Retardancy of a Polymer Blend of EVA and LDPE. Fire Safety Journal, 44, 504-513. Zhou, S., Song, L., Wang, Z., Hu, Y. & Xing, W. 2008. Flame Retardation and Char Formation Mechanism of Intumescent Flame Retarded Polypropylene Composites Containing Melamine Phosphate and Pentaerythritol Phosphate. Poly. Degradation & Stability, 93, 1799-1806. Zhu, D. M. & Kisi, E. 2009. Synthesis and Characterization of Boron/Boron Oxide Nanorods. Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, 45, 49-53. |