Happiness of primary school teacher in Malaysia: its economic, non-economic determinants and impact on job performance

Despite various policies and efforts by the government to improve the happiness of teachers, it appears that there are still a lot of dissatisfaction or unhappiness as have been raised by primary school teachers. This highlights that a need of a thorough understanding of factors influencing the happ...

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Main Author:	Tiang, Din Pian
Format:	Thesis
Language:	eng eng eng
Published:	2023
Subjects:	HB Economic Theory
Online Access:	https://etd.uum.edu.my/11164/1/depositpermission-not%20allow_s96070.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/11164/2/s96070_01.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/11164/3/s96070_02.pdf
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id	my-uum-etd.11164
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-uum-etd.111642024-06-10T01:55:42Z Happiness of primary school teacher in Malaysia: its economic, non-economic determinants and impact on job performance 2023 Tiang, Din Pian Lim, Hock Eam Abdullah, Hussin School of Economics, Finance & Banking School of Economics, Finance & Banking HB Economic Theory Despite various policies and efforts by the government to improve the happiness of teachers, it appears that there are still a lot of dissatisfaction or unhappiness as have been raised by primary school teachers. This highlights that a need of a thorough understanding of factors influencing the happiness of teachers and their influence on teacher’s job performance. There are extensive studies that examine determinants of happiness. However, the role of aspiration effect, job performance and the income-happiness relationship among the primary school teachers are yet to be explored. Thus, this study aims to estimate the determinants of happiness and how this happiness influences job performance among the primary school teachers in Malaysia, including the interacting effects of aspiration. Using a survey data of 1510 teachers, the descriptive statistics and ordered logit model are employed. The hypothesis of interacting effect of aspiration is tested by its interacting effect with religiousness. Results of descriptive statistics analysis reveal that around 5% of them are found to be unhappy and not satisfied with their job and work life. The unhappiness and dissatisfaction on promotion have been expressed by the teachers. The estimated ordered logit model suggests that the determinants of happiness among the primary school teachers are aspiration, religious perceptions, interaction between aspiration and religion, achievement of life goal, school environment, ethnicity, marital status, family size, and teachers’ health status. The aspiration is found to have a negative and significant effect on the relationship between religion and happiness. In particular, the school environment has high significant influences on teacher’s happiness. Happiness has found to have a positive impact on job performance. This indicated that teachers who have higher level of happiness are more likely to show excellent job performance. Based on these findings, the theoretical and policy implications are discussed. 2023 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/11164/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/11164/1/depositpermission-not%20allow_s96070.pdf text eng staffonly https://etd.uum.edu.my/11164/2/s96070_01.pdf text eng staffonly https://etd.uum.edu.my/11164/3/s96070_02.pdf text eng staffonly other doctoral Universiti Utara Malaysia
institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection	UUM ETD
language	eng eng eng
advisor	Lim, Hock Eam Abdullah, Hussin
topic	HB Economic Theory
spellingShingle	HB Economic Theory Tiang, Din Pian Happiness of primary school teacher in Malaysia: its economic, non-economic determinants and impact on job performance
description	Despite various policies and efforts by the government to improve the happiness of teachers, it appears that there are still a lot of dissatisfaction or unhappiness as have been raised by primary school teachers. This highlights that a need of a thorough understanding of factors influencing the happiness of teachers and their influence on teacher’s job performance. There are extensive studies that examine determinants of happiness. However, the role of aspiration effect, job performance and the income-happiness relationship among the primary school teachers are yet to be explored. Thus, this study aims to estimate the determinants of happiness and how this happiness influences job performance among the primary school teachers in Malaysia, including the interacting effects of aspiration. Using a survey data of 1510 teachers, the descriptive statistics and ordered logit model are employed. The hypothesis of interacting effect of aspiration is tested by its interacting effect with religiousness. Results of descriptive statistics analysis reveal that around 5% of them are found to be unhappy and not satisfied with their job and work life. The unhappiness and dissatisfaction on promotion have been expressed by the teachers. The estimated ordered logit model suggests that the determinants of happiness among the primary school teachers are aspiration, religious perceptions, interaction between aspiration and religion, achievement of life goal, school environment, ethnicity, marital status, family size, and teachers’ health status. The aspiration is found to have a negative and significant effect on the relationship between religion and happiness. In particular, the school environment has high significant influences on teacher’s happiness. Happiness has found to have a positive impact on job performance. This indicated that teachers who have higher level of happiness are more likely to show excellent job performance. Based on these findings, the theoretical and policy implications are discussed.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	other
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Tiang, Din Pian
author_facet	Tiang, Din Pian
author_sort	Tiang, Din Pian
title	Happiness of primary school teacher in Malaysia: its economic, non-economic determinants and impact on job performance
title_short	Happiness of primary school teacher in Malaysia: its economic, non-economic determinants and impact on job performance
title_full	Happiness of primary school teacher in Malaysia: its economic, non-economic determinants and impact on job performance
title_fullStr	Happiness of primary school teacher in Malaysia: its economic, non-economic determinants and impact on job performance
title_full_unstemmed	Happiness of primary school teacher in Malaysia: its economic, non-economic determinants and impact on job performance
title_sort	happiness of primary school teacher in malaysia: its economic, non-economic determinants and impact on job performance
granting_institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department	School of Economics, Finance & Banking
publishDate	2023
url	https://etd.uum.edu.my/11164/1/depositpermission-not%20allow_s96070.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/11164/2/s96070_01.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/11164/3/s96070_02.pdf
_version_	1804888209218338816

Happiness of primary school teacher in Malaysia: its economic, non-economic determinants and impact on job performance

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