Scaleable and Smooth TCP-Friendly Receiver-Based Layered Multicast Protocol

In the presence of heterogeneity and scalability, i.e. the case when delivering real-time television content over the Internet, receiver-based layered multicast communication is the most efficient way to deliver real-time video data to a large number of receivers. TCP-friendly Receiver-based Layere...

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Main Author:	Osman, Ghazali
Format:	Thesis
Language:	eng eng
Published:	2008
Subjects:	TK5101-6720 Telecommunication
Online Access:	https://etd.uum.edu.my/1291/1/Osman_Ghazali.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/1291/2/Osman_Ghazali.pdf
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id	my-uum-etd.1291
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-uum-etd.12912013-07-24T12:11:18Z Scaleable and Smooth TCP-Friendly Receiver-Based Layered Multicast Protocol 2008 Osman, Ghazali College of Arts and Sciences (CAS) College of Arts and Sciences TK5101-6720 Telecommunication In the presence of heterogeneity and scalability, i.e. the case when delivering real-time television content over the Internet, receiver-based layered multicast communication is the most efficient way to deliver real-time video data to a large number of receivers. TCP-friendly Receiver-based Layered Multicast Protocol (TRLMP) is a protocol that supports layered multicast real-time video delivery, while maintaining the fair sharing of the network resources. However, there is room for improvement on the current TRLMPs. Some of the current TRLMPs and their techniques are not efficient in supporting the delivery of real-time video data on the Internet, in particular when the number of receivers is very large. The current TRLMPs' techniques do not allow the receivers to: 1) estimate Round Trip Time (RTT) in a scalable manner; and 2) achieve a steady reception rate because of volatile loss rate estimation. These problems result in stability and scalability problems for TRLMPs. In this thesis, we propose a new TRLMP called Scalable, Smooth and TCP-friendly Receiver-Based Layered Multicast Protocol (SS-TRLMP) to address the problems of the current TRLMP. Similar to other TRLMPs, SS-TRLMP relies on a TCP-equation model to control congestion and fair behaviour of the protocol. However, the equation model requires RTT data, which is problematic to estimate when the number of receivers is too large. In order to address this problem, we proposed the Scalable RTT Estimation Technique (SRTT) for layered multicast communication. The technique models Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) behaviour more accurately than the current RTT estimation techniques. Moreover, the technique is simple and can be easily implemented in the current Internet infrastructure. Stability is one of the requirements of real-time video applications. However, even with the current loss rate smoothing techniques, TRLMPs behaviour is highly volatile. Moreover, in layered multicast communication there is no synchronisation of packets between multicast layers, which causes misinterpretation of loss events at receivers. We address these problems with packet re-ordering at the receiver and the 2-Step Loss Filtering Technique. Packet reordering technique enables the TRLMP to estimate accurate loss rate similar to TCP, and 2STEPS provides better stability and responsiveness than the current techniques. Finally, by combining the techniques of the current TRLMPs and the proposed techniques, we designed SS-TRLMP. The proposed SS-TRLMP has the following properties: TCP fairness, scalability and stability. 2008 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/1291/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/1291/1/Osman_Ghazali.pdf application/pdf eng validuser https://etd.uum.edu.my/1291/2/Osman_Ghazali.pdf application/pdf eng public Ph.D. doctoral Universiti Utara Malaysia
institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection	UUM ETD
language	eng eng
topic	TK5101-6720 Telecommunication
spellingShingle	TK5101-6720 Telecommunication Osman, Ghazali Scaleable and Smooth TCP-Friendly Receiver-Based Layered Multicast Protocol
description	In the presence of heterogeneity and scalability, i.e. the case when delivering real-time television content over the Internet, receiver-based layered multicast communication is the most efficient way to deliver real-time video data to a large number of receivers. TCP-friendly Receiver-based Layered Multicast Protocol (TRLMP) is a protocol that supports layered multicast real-time video delivery, while maintaining the fair sharing of the network resources. However, there is room for improvement on the current TRLMPs. Some of the current TRLMPs and their techniques are not efficient in supporting the delivery of real-time video data on the Internet, in particular when the number of receivers is very large. The current TRLMPs' techniques do not allow the receivers to: 1) estimate Round Trip Time (RTT) in a scalable manner; and 2) achieve a steady reception rate because of volatile loss rate estimation. These problems result in stability and scalability problems for TRLMPs. In this thesis, we propose a new TRLMP called Scalable, Smooth and TCP-friendly Receiver-Based Layered Multicast Protocol (SS-TRLMP) to address the problems of the current TRLMP. Similar to other TRLMPs, SS-TRLMP relies on a TCP-equation model to control congestion and fair behaviour of the protocol. However, the equation model requires RTT data, which is problematic to estimate when the number of receivers is too large. In order to address this problem, we proposed the Scalable RTT Estimation Technique (SRTT) for layered multicast communication. The technique models Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) behaviour more accurately than the current RTT estimation techniques. Moreover, the technique is simple and can be easily implemented in the current Internet infrastructure. Stability is one of the requirements of real-time video applications. However, even with the current loss rate smoothing techniques, TRLMPs behaviour is highly volatile. Moreover, in layered multicast communication there is no synchronisation of packets between multicast layers, which causes misinterpretation of loss events at receivers. We address these problems with packet re-ordering at the receiver and the 2-Step Loss Filtering Technique. Packet reordering technique enables the TRLMP to estimate accurate loss rate similar to TCP, and 2STEPS provides better stability and responsiveness than the current techniques. Finally, by combining the techniques of the current TRLMPs and the proposed techniques, we designed SS-TRLMP. The proposed SS-TRLMP has the following properties: TCP fairness, scalability and stability.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Ph.D.
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Osman, Ghazali
author_facet	Osman, Ghazali
author_sort	Osman, Ghazali
title	Scaleable and Smooth TCP-Friendly Receiver-Based Layered Multicast Protocol
title_short	Scaleable and Smooth TCP-Friendly Receiver-Based Layered Multicast Protocol
title_full	Scaleable and Smooth TCP-Friendly Receiver-Based Layered Multicast Protocol
title_fullStr	Scaleable and Smooth TCP-Friendly Receiver-Based Layered Multicast Protocol
title_full_unstemmed	Scaleable and Smooth TCP-Friendly Receiver-Based Layered Multicast Protocol
title_sort	scaleable and smooth tcp-friendly receiver-based layered multicast protocol
granting_institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department	College of Arts and Sciences (CAS)
publishDate	2008
url	https://etd.uum.edu.my/1291/1/Osman_Ghazali.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/1291/2/Osman_Ghazali.pdf
_version_	1747827114033283072

Scaleable and Smooth TCP-Friendly Receiver-Based Layered Multicast Protocol

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