The Effect of Quality Differentiated Auditor-Cum-Tax Agent on Corporate Tax Payable

This paper investigates the effect of employing the same auditor as the tax agent on the computation of corporate tax payable by the company listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange. After auditing the financial statement, the auditor is appointed as a tax agent to do tax agent work to compute tax...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Mohd. Jaafar, Embong
Format: Thesis
Language:eng
eng
Published: 2004
Subjects:
Online Access:https://etd.uum.edu.my/1330/1/MOHD._JAAFAR_B._EMBONG.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/1330/2/1.MOHD._JAAFAR_B._EMBONG.pdf
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id my-uum-etd.1330
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection UUM ETD
language eng
eng
topic HG Finance
spellingShingle HG Finance
Mohd. Jaafar, Embong
The Effect of Quality Differentiated Auditor-Cum-Tax Agent on Corporate Tax Payable
description This paper investigates the effect of employing the same auditor as the tax agent on the computation of corporate tax payable by the company listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange. After auditing the financial statement, the auditor is appointed as a tax agent to do tax agent work to compute tax payable. The competency of auditor-cum-tax agent is analysed by looking at the amount of audit work as reflected on audit fees. The independence of auditor-cum-tax agent is analysed by looking at the amount of non-audit work provided by the auditor as reflected by non-audit fees. On the other hand auditor cum-tax agent‘s reputation is examining by looking at auditor’s brand name. The results indicate that there is a positive relationship between the corporate tax payable and the audit fee charged which demonstrate that more audit work result in higher corporate tax payable computed by the auditor-cum-tax agent. Moreover, as predicted there is a negative relationship between tax payable and non-audit fees. This findings show that the more independent the relationship between auditor-cum-tax agent and clients, the higher is the tax payable. In addition Big Five firms’ clients pay higher tax than companies audited by non-Big Five firms. This shows that brand name or reputable auditor such as the Big Five can affect the computation of tax payable.
format Thesis
qualification_name masters
qualification_level Master's degree
author Mohd. Jaafar, Embong
author_facet Mohd. Jaafar, Embong
author_sort Mohd. Jaafar, Embong
title The Effect of Quality Differentiated Auditor-Cum-Tax Agent on Corporate Tax Payable
title_short The Effect of Quality Differentiated Auditor-Cum-Tax Agent on Corporate Tax Payable
title_full The Effect of Quality Differentiated Auditor-Cum-Tax Agent on Corporate Tax Payable
title_fullStr The Effect of Quality Differentiated Auditor-Cum-Tax Agent on Corporate Tax Payable
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Quality Differentiated Auditor-Cum-Tax Agent on Corporate Tax Payable
title_sort effect of quality differentiated auditor-cum-tax agent on corporate tax payable
granting_institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department Sekolah Siswazah
publishDate 2004
url https://etd.uum.edu.my/1330/1/MOHD._JAAFAR_B._EMBONG.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/1330/2/1.MOHD._JAAFAR_B._EMBONG.pdf
_version_ 1747827122698715136
spelling my-uum-etd.13302013-07-24T12:11:29Z The Effect of Quality Differentiated Auditor-Cum-Tax Agent on Corporate Tax Payable 2004 Mohd. Jaafar, Embong Sekolah Siswazah Graduate School HG Finance This paper investigates the effect of employing the same auditor as the tax agent on the computation of corporate tax payable by the company listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange. After auditing the financial statement, the auditor is appointed as a tax agent to do tax agent work to compute tax payable. The competency of auditor-cum-tax agent is analysed by looking at the amount of audit work as reflected on audit fees. The independence of auditor-cum-tax agent is analysed by looking at the amount of non-audit work provided by the auditor as reflected by non-audit fees. On the other hand auditor cum-tax agent‘s reputation is examining by looking at auditor’s brand name. The results indicate that there is a positive relationship between the corporate tax payable and the audit fee charged which demonstrate that more audit work result in higher corporate tax payable computed by the auditor-cum-tax agent. Moreover, as predicted there is a negative relationship between tax payable and non-audit fees. This findings show that the more independent the relationship between auditor-cum-tax agent and clients, the higher is the tax payable. In addition Big Five firms’ clients pay higher tax than companies audited by non-Big Five firms. This shows that brand name or reputable auditor such as the Big Five can affect the computation of tax payable. 2004 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/1330/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/1330/1/MOHD._JAAFAR_B._EMBONG.pdf application/pdf eng validuser https://etd.uum.edu.my/1330/2/1.MOHD._JAAFAR_B._EMBONG.pdf application/pdf eng public masters masters Universiti Utara Malaysia Allingham. M.G. and Sandmo, A. (1972). Income Tax Evasion: A Theoretical Analysis. Journal of Public Economics, No. 1, pp.323-328. Alm. J. McClelland. G.H. and Schulze. W.D.(1992). Why Do People Pay Taxes? Journal of Public Economics. No.48. pp.2 1-38. Antle. R. The Auditor as an Economic Agent. .Journal of Accounting Research, Vo1.20. No.2, Pt. 11.autumn, pp,.503-527. Ayoib. A.C, and C. Derashid. (1996). The Pricing of Audit Services: Evidence from KLSE Listed Companies. Journal Analysis July. ________, and Houghton, K.A. (2001). The Effect of Ethnicity on Audit Pricing. Paper Presented at the Second Asian Academic accounting Association Conference, Penang. Malaysia. Beasley. M.S. (1906). An Empirical Analysis of the Relation between the Board of Director Compositional and Financial Statement Fraud. The Accounting Review, Vol.71 (4), pp. 443-465. Beatty. R.P. (1989). Auditor Reputation and the Pricing of Initial Public Offerings. The Accounting Review, 64(4),pp. 693-709. Beck, P.J.,T.J. Frecka. and 1. Solomon. (1988a). A Model of the Market for MAS and Audit Services: Knowledge Spillovers and Auditor-Auditee Bonding. Journal of Accounting Literature 7: pp. 50-64. ________,________ and _______ (1988b). An empirical analysis of the Relationship between MAS involvement and Auditor Tenure: Implications for Auditor independence. Journal of Accounting Literature 7:pp 65-84. Boccabella, D.A. (1993). Legal Professional Privilege: The Case for Tax Accountants' Clients.Taxation in Australia, pp. 391-397. Bonner, S.E.. and Lewis. B.L. (1990). Determinants of Auditor Expertise. Journal of Accounting Researcah Vol. 28 Supplement. Boucher. T.P. (1993) . Paying Tax-Simply the Right Thing to Do. The CCH Journal of Australian Taxation, pp, 50-56. Butterworth. S. and K.A Houghton (1995). Auditor Switching: The Pricing of Audit Services. .Journal of Business Finance and Accounting 22 (3):pp. 323-344. Carroll, J. (1992). How Taxpayers Think About Their Taxes: Frames and Values. in Slemrod. J. (Ed). Why People Pay Taxes, The University Of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, MI, pp. 43-66. Chang, 0. and Schultz. .J. (1990). The Income Tax Withholding Phenomenon: Evidence from TCMP Data. The Journal of The American Taxation Association, pp. 88-93. Chow. C. and Rice. S. (1982). Qualified Audit Opinions and Auditor Switching. The Accounting Review. Vol. 57(2). pp. 326-335. Chow. C. W. (1982). The Demand for External Auditing: Size, Debt and Ownership Influence. The Accounting review, pp. 272-291. Commissioner of Taxation (1994). Annual Report 1993/1994. Australian Government Publishing Service. Canberra. ACT. Cook,R.D. and S. Weisberg.(1982). Residuals and Influence in Regression. New York: Chapman & Hall. Cowell. F.A. (1985). Tax Evasion with Labour Income. Journal of Public Economics, No. 26. pp. 19-34. Craswell, A.. (I998). Who Audits Australia? (Accounting and Finance Foundation, University of Sydney Australia). _________, and S.Taylor, (1991). The Market Structure of Auditing in Australia: the Role of Industry Specialization, Research in Accounting Regulation 5, pp. 55-77. ________, Francis, J & Taylor, S (1995). Auditor Brand name reputations and Industry Specializations. Journal of Accounting and Economics, pp.297-322. datar, S.M. Feltham, G.A and Hughes. J.S (1991). The Role of Audits and Audit Quality in Valuing New Issues. journal Accounting and Economics, pp 14, 3-49. De Angelo L.E (1981). Auditor independence, 'Low Balling' and Disclosure regulation. Journal of Accounting and Economics, Vol 3, pp 133-127. ________, (1981b). Auditor size and Audit Quality. Journal of Accounting and Economics, pp.183-199. Defond, M.L, francis, J.R and T.J Wong (2000).Auditor industry Specialization and market segmentation: Evidence from Hong Kong: A Journal of Practice and Theory, Vol, 19. No. 1: 49-66. Degryse. H. and Ongenn. S. (2001). Bank Relationships and Firm Profitability.Financial Management pp. 9-34. Dickson. J. W. (1978). Perception of Risk as Related to Choice in Two-Dimensional Risk Situation. Psychological report. No.43, pp. 1059-1062. Dreyfus, H.L., and S.E. Dreyfus, (1986). Mind Over Machine: The Power of Human Intuition and Expertise in the Era of the Computer. The Free Press. Eichenseher. J.W. (1995). Additional factors in Audit Pricing- New Evidence from Malaysia. Accounting Business Review,Vol. 2(1), pp.1-26 Erard . B. (1993). Taxation with Representation: An Analysis of the Role of Tax Practitioners in Tax Compliance. .Journal of Public Economics, No.52.pp.163-197 Ettredge. M. and It. Greenberg. (1990). Determinants of Fee Cutting 011 Initial Audit Engagements. Journal of Accounting Research 28, pp. 198-210. Fatt. C.K. (3002). Malaysian Taxation: Principles and Practice. Info World Malaysia.pp. 429-438. Fama. E.F.. and M.C. Jensen. (1983a). Separation of ownership and Control. Journal of Law and Economics 26: pp. 301-326. ________, _________. (1983b). Agency problems and Residual Claimed. Journal of Law and Economics 26: pp. 327-350 Firth, M. (1997). The Provision of Nan-audit Services and the Pricing of Audit Fees. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, pp. 511-525. ________ (2002). Auditor-Provided Consultancy Services and Their Associations with Audit Fees and Audit Opinions. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, pp.661-693. ________ and C.K. Liau-Tan (1998). Auditor Quality Signaling and the Valuation of Initial Public Offerings. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, pp. 145-165. Flint. D. (1988). The Philosophy and principles of Auditing. Macmillan. Francis, J.R (1984). The Effect of Audit Firm Sire on Audit Prices: A Study of the Australian Market. Journal of Accounting and Economics (August): pp. 133-151. __________ and D.T. Simon, (1987). A Test of Audit Pricing in the Small-Client Segment of the U.S. market. The Accounting Review. LXII(I): pp. 145- 157. __________ and D.J. Stokes. (1986). Audit Prices. Product Differentiation, and Scale economies: Further evidence from the Australian market. Journal of' accounting research 24(2): 1317. 383-393. __________ and E.R. Wilson, (1988). Auditor Changes: A Joint Test of theories relating to Agency Costs and auditor Differentiation. The Accounting Review LXIII (4):pp.663-682. Frankel, R.M..Johnson. M.F. and Nelsotn, K.K. (2002). Non-Audit Fees Paid Auditors: Do They Lead to Managed Earnings? Directorship, pp.6-9 Ginsberg. AS. (1994). International Tax Planning. Kluwer Law and Taxation Publishers Deventer, The Netherlands. Gordon. R. W. (1988). The Independent of Lawyers. Boston University Law Review,Vol.68, pp.1-83 Gul, F.A.. and Teoh. H.Y (1986). The Effects of Combined Audit and Management Services on Public Perception of Auditor Independence in Developing Countries: The Malaysia Case. The international Journal of accounting pp. 95-107. Hair, J.F., R.E. Anderson, R.L. Tathan. and W.C.Black (1995), Multivariate Data Analysis With Readings. Prentice H~rll. Hansen, D.R.. Crosser. R.L,. and Laufer, D. (1992). Moral Ethics versus Tax Ethics: The case of Transfer Pricing among Multinational Corporations. Journal of Business Ethics, No. 11, pp. 679-686. Hutton, M.R. (1985). Perceptual Differentiation With Regard to Penalties in Professional Tax Practice. PhD dissertation, University of Houston, TX. Income Tax Act 1067. Self-Assessment System Guide on Tax Audit. Inland Revenue Board Of Malaysia. Jackson. B.R. and Milliron, V.C. (1986). Tax Compliance Research: Findings, Problems and Prospects.Journal of Accounting Literature, Vol. 5, pp.125-165. Jang, H.Y. and L.in. C.J. (1993). Audit Quality and Trading Volume Reaction: A Study of' Initial Public Offering of Stock. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy,pp. 263-287. JCPA (Joint Committee of Public Accountants) (1993). An Assessment of Tax: A Report 011 inquiry Into the Australian Taxation Office AGSP, Canberra. Jensen. M.C., and W.H. Meckling. (1976). Theory of The Firm: Management Behavior. Agency Costs and Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics 3: pp. 305-360. Kasipillai.J.(2000). A Practical Guide to Malaysian Taxation. by McGraw-Hill (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd pp.I11-136. Klein. B. and K.Leffer, (1981). The Role of Market Forces in Assuring Contractual Performance. Journal of political economy 89, pp.615-641. Krejcie. R.. & Morgan, D. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psycological Measurement pp. 30, 607-610. Lee, T.A. (1972). Company auditing: Concepts and Practices. Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland. ___________ (1993, Corporate Audit Theory. Chapman & Hall. Libby. R. (1985). Availability and The Generation of Hypotheses in Analytical Procedures. Journal of Accounting research:pp.648-667. ___________ and B.L. Lewis (1982). Human Information Processing Research in Accounting: the State of the Art in 1982: Accounting, Organization and Society, Vol.7 (3). pp 231-286. Loeb, S.E. (1972). Enforcement of the Code of Ethics: A Survey. The Accounting Review, Vol.47. pp.1-10. Lord, A.T. (1992). Pressure: A Methodological Consideration for Behavioral Research in Auditing. A Journal of practices and Rheory, Vol, 11, pp. 89-125. Madeo, S.A., Schepanski. A. and Uecker, W.C. (1987). Modeling Judgment of Taxpayer Comlpliance. The Accounting review pp.323-342. Malaysian Master Tax Guide Manual 2003 , CCH Publication, paragraph 200-266 and 2515. Martinez-Vazquez. J., Hardwood. G.B. and Larkins, E.R. (1992). Withholding Position and Income Tax Compliance: Some Experimental Evidence. Public Finance Quarterly. Vol.20,pp. 152-174. Messier. W.F.. anti Boh. M. (2000). Auditing and Assurance Services in Malaysia. By McGraw-Hill malaysia Sdn. Bhd. Myers, A.J. (1990). Tax Advice: The Lawyers Ethical Responsibility. Australian tax Review, pp.88-87. Newberry. K.J, Reckers, P.M.J. and Wyndelts, R.W (1993). An Examination of Tax Practitioner Decisions: The Role of Preparer Sanctions and Framing Effects Associated With Client Condition. Journal of Economic Psychology, Vol,14. pp.439-452. Oatway. F.C. (1995). Motivation and Responsibility in Tax Practice: The Need for Definition. Tax Law Review, Vol 20.pp-257. Official Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Taxation. (2001), Tax National Palmrose. Z.V. (1986a). Audit Fees and Auditor Size: Further Evidence. Journal of Accounting Research, Spring: pp.97-110. __________, (1986b). The Effect of Non-audit Services on The Pricing of Audit Services: further Evidence. Journal of Accounting Research, pp.405-411. __________,(1988). Public Accounting Firms and The Acquisition of Nonaudit Services by Public and Closely-Held Companies Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 8 (Fall): pp.63-67. Parkash. M. and Venable. C.F.. (I993). Auditee Incentive's or Auditor Independence: The Case of Nonoaudit Services. The case of nanoaudit services. the accounting riview 68 68.pp 113-133. Pourjalali. H. and Iskandar. T.M. Earning Management: Background. Criticism and Answers: Malaysian Accounting Review Vol. 1. No. 1. Sept. 2002: p. 37. Price Waterhouse. (1996). Corporate 'Taxes: A Worldwide Summary. New York: Price waterhouse world firm services BV, Inc. Rose. A.M.. (1999). Audit Pricing and the role of Multinational Factors: A Study of The Hang Kong and Malaysian Markets. Advances in international accounting 12, pp.129-155. Roth, M. (1996). Financial and Accounting Tools to Predict a Taxpayer's Potential Bankruptcy. Insolvency. or Business failure. Internal Revenue Service. Washington. DC. Sanders, D.L. and Wyndelts, R.W. (1 989). An Examination of Tax Practitioners' Decisions under Uncertainty. Advances in Taxation, Vo1.2, pp. 41-72 Saudagaran. S.M .. (200 1). International Accounting. A. User Perspective. pp. 2-30 Schandl. C.W . (1978), Theory of Auditing. Scholars Book Co. Scott. W. R. (1997). Financial Accounting Theory by Prentice-hall.pp 304. Sekaran, U. (2000). Research Methods For Business: A Skill Building Approach (3d ed.). United Stated: John Wiley & Sons. Inc. Simon, D.T. and Francis. J.R. (1988). The Effects of Auditor Change on Audit Fees: Test of Pricing Cutting and Price Recovery. The Accounting Review, LXIII (2): pp. 255-269. Simunic. D.A. (1980). The Pricing of Audit Services : Theory and Evidence. Journal of Accounting research,18:pp.161-190. _________, (1984). Auditing. Consulting and Auditor Independence. Journal of Accounting Research, 18:pp.161-190. Smith, K.W. and Kinsey. K.A. (1987). Understanding Taxpaying Behavior: A Conceptual Framework with Implication for Research. Law and Society review, Vol.21 No.4, pp. 639-663. Song. Y. and Yarbrough. T.E. (1978). Tax Ethics and Taxpayer Attitudes: A Survey. Public Administration Review , pp. 441-452.