Pertahanan Nasional Jepun : Implikasi Senjata Nuklear dan Peluru Berpandu Korea Utara Serta China

This thesis analyses Japan’s defense capability over the possibility of a nuclear and missiles strike from North Korea and China as well as its implications towards Japan’s security posture. In addition, it also evaluates Japan’s security policies based on two major considerations namely ’a moderate...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Md. Nasrudin, Md. Akhir
Format: Thesis
Language:eng
eng
Published: 2004
Subjects:
Online Access:https://etd.uum.edu.my/1486/1/MD._NASRUDIN_B._MD._AKHIR.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/1486/2/1.MD._NASRUDIN_B._MD._AKHIR.pdf
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id my-uum-etd.1486
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection UUM ETD
language eng
eng
topic U Military Science (General)
spellingShingle U Military Science (General)
Md. Nasrudin, Md. Akhir
Pertahanan Nasional Jepun : Implikasi Senjata Nuklear dan Peluru Berpandu Korea Utara Serta China
description This thesis analyses Japan’s defense capability over the possibility of a nuclear and missiles strike from North Korea and China as well as its implications towards Japan’s security posture. In addition, it also evaluates Japan’s security policies based on two major considerations namely ’a moderate defense capability’ as well as ’the integrity of the Japan-United States Security Alliance.’ This thesis argues that Japan’s self-imposed constraints on militarism are currently faced with a gradual process of change mainly due to pressures from North Korea and China. However, this works rejects the neo-realists notion that Japan would emerge as major military power in the near future but instead argues that the assumptions of the post-classical realists appear to be more realistic and dominant in order to evaluate Japan’s contemporary defense posture. Although the integrity of pacifism is constantly being challenged, the movement of Japan’s defense posture to a ’normal state’ is also faced by the dilemma of vagueness in interpreting Japan’s constitution. The Japanese government has reiterated that in facing imminent and illegitimate missile threats towards Japanese territory, it is inconceivable that the country’s constitution disallows for preventive measures or even a counter attack. Although the Japanese Diet itself made a resolution that allows for measures that exceed’ the moderate defense capability’ currently followed, all this however, has remained much of a rhetoric amongst Japanese law makers, who rather take temporary measures in diffusing external threats. The question of Japan’s defense posture remains complex especially in view of the development of their respective nuclear capabilities by North Korea and China that continues to challenge Japan’s security posture especially in an environment shadowed by an unclear interpretation of the country’s constitution. This thesis also argues that Japan is currently faced with the need to redefine its defense posture as well as its defense treaty witlh the United States. This because the mechanisms of multilateral security in the context of Asia are inapplicable for realization especially when evaluated within the context of contemporary perspectives on the current security environment and the history of the East Asian region itself. Although various groups that continue to call for Japan’s return to a ’normal state’ have rejected the security and nuclear shield provided by the United States, this thesis concludes that domestic factors and a strong reliance on the Japan-United States Alliance will continue to shape Japan’s defense posture, at least in the near future.
format Thesis
qualification_name Ph.D.
qualification_level Doctorate
author Md. Nasrudin, Md. Akhir
author_facet Md. Nasrudin, Md. Akhir
author_sort Md. Nasrudin, Md. Akhir
title Pertahanan Nasional Jepun : Implikasi Senjata Nuklear dan Peluru Berpandu Korea Utara Serta China
title_short Pertahanan Nasional Jepun : Implikasi Senjata Nuklear dan Peluru Berpandu Korea Utara Serta China
title_full Pertahanan Nasional Jepun : Implikasi Senjata Nuklear dan Peluru Berpandu Korea Utara Serta China
title_fullStr Pertahanan Nasional Jepun : Implikasi Senjata Nuklear dan Peluru Berpandu Korea Utara Serta China
title_full_unstemmed Pertahanan Nasional Jepun : Implikasi Senjata Nuklear dan Peluru Berpandu Korea Utara Serta China
title_sort pertahanan nasional jepun : implikasi senjata nuklear dan peluru berpandu korea utara serta china
granting_institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department Sekolah Siswazah
publishDate 2004
url https://etd.uum.edu.my/1486/1/MD._NASRUDIN_B._MD._AKHIR.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/1486/2/1.MD._NASRUDIN_B._MD._AKHIR.pdf
_version_ 1747827156906409984
spelling my-uum-etd.14862013-07-24T12:12:10Z Pertahanan Nasional Jepun : Implikasi Senjata Nuklear dan Peluru Berpandu Korea Utara Serta China 2004 Md. Nasrudin, Md. Akhir Sekolah Siswazah Graduate School U Military Science (General) This thesis analyses Japan’s defense capability over the possibility of a nuclear and missiles strike from North Korea and China as well as its implications towards Japan’s security posture. In addition, it also evaluates Japan’s security policies based on two major considerations namely ’a moderate defense capability’ as well as ’the integrity of the Japan-United States Security Alliance.’ This thesis argues that Japan’s self-imposed constraints on militarism are currently faced with a gradual process of change mainly due to pressures from North Korea and China. However, this works rejects the neo-realists notion that Japan would emerge as major military power in the near future but instead argues that the assumptions of the post-classical realists appear to be more realistic and dominant in order to evaluate Japan’s contemporary defense posture. Although the integrity of pacifism is constantly being challenged, the movement of Japan’s defense posture to a ’normal state’ is also faced by the dilemma of vagueness in interpreting Japan’s constitution. The Japanese government has reiterated that in facing imminent and illegitimate missile threats towards Japanese territory, it is inconceivable that the country’s constitution disallows for preventive measures or even a counter attack. Although the Japanese Diet itself made a resolution that allows for measures that exceed’ the moderate defense capability’ currently followed, all this however, has remained much of a rhetoric amongst Japanese law makers, who rather take temporary measures in diffusing external threats. The question of Japan’s defense posture remains complex especially in view of the development of their respective nuclear capabilities by North Korea and China that continues to challenge Japan’s security posture especially in an environment shadowed by an unclear interpretation of the country’s constitution. This thesis also argues that Japan is currently faced with the need to redefine its defense posture as well as its defense treaty witlh the United States. This because the mechanisms of multilateral security in the context of Asia are inapplicable for realization especially when evaluated within the context of contemporary perspectives on the current security environment and the history of the East Asian region itself. Although various groups that continue to call for Japan’s return to a ’normal state’ have rejected the security and nuclear shield provided by the United States, this thesis concludes that domestic factors and a strong reliance on the Japan-United States Alliance will continue to shape Japan’s defense posture, at least in the near future. 2004 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/1486/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/1486/1/MD._NASRUDIN_B._MD._AKHIR.pdf application/pdf eng validuser https://etd.uum.edu.my/1486/2/1.MD._NASRUDIN_B._MD._AKHIR.pdf application/pdf eng public Ph.D. doctoral Universiti Utara Malaysia A Diplomatic History of China,Zhengzhou: Henan People's Press, 1988. Abe, Hitoshi, Muneyuki Shindo & Sadafumi Kawato (eds.), The Government and Politics of Japan, Japan: University of Tokyo Press, 1994. Akaha, Tsuneo, "Japan's Response to Changing U.S.-Korea Relations," Tong Whan Park (ed.), The U.S. and the Two Koreas: A New Triangle, Boulder & London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1998. "U.S.-Japan Relations in the Post-Cold War Era: Ambiguous Adjustment to a Changing Strategic Environment," Inoguchi Takashi & Purnendra Jain (eds.), Japanese Foreign Policy Today, New York: Palgrave, 2000. Anthony, Ian, "Multilateral Export Controls," SIPRl Yearbook 2002: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. Arase, David, "New Directions in Japanese Security Policy," Colin McInnes & Mark G. Rolls (eds.), Post-Cold War Security Issues in the Asia-Pacific Region, Great Britain: Frank Cass, 1994. Armacost, Michael H., Friends or Rivals?, New York: Columbia University Press,1996. Austin, Greg and Harris, Stuart (eds.), Japan and Greater China: Political Economy and Military Power in the Asian Century, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2001. Bazhanova, Natalya, "North Korea's Decision to Develop An Independent Nuclear Program," James Clay Moltz & Alexandre Y. Mansourov (eds.), The North Korean Nuclear Program: Security, Strategy, and New Perspectives from Russia, New York: Routledge, 2000. Bertsch, Gary K., Richard T. Cupitt & Takehiko Yamamoto (eds.), U.S. and Japanese Nonproliferation Export Controls: Theory, Description and Analysis, New York: University Press of America Inc., 1996. Bienen, Henry (ed.), Power, Economics, and Security, Boulder: Westview, 1992. Bijuaru Eigo de Yomu Nihon Koku Kempo (Perlembagaan Negara Jepun), Tokyo:Kodansha International Ltd., 1997. Blackaby, Frank, Jozef Goldblat & Sverre Lodgaard (eds.), No-First-Use, London: Sipri, 1984. Boei Handobukku Heisei 7-Nendoban (Buku Panduan Pertahanan 1995), Tokyo: Asagumo Shinbunsha, 1995. Brown, Michael E., Sean M. Lynn-Jones & Steven E. Miller, East Asia Security,Cambridge & London: The MIT Press, 1996. Calder, Kent E., Asia's Deadly Triangle, California: Nicholas Brealey Publishing Limited, 1997. Cha, Victor D.,"Assessing the North Korean Threat: The Logic of Preemption, Prevention, and Engagement," Samuel S. Kim & Tai Hwan Lee (eds.), North Korea and Northeast Asia, Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2002. Clausen, Peter A., Nonproliferation and the National Interest: America's Response to the Spread of Nuclear Weapons, New York: HarperCollins, 1993. Davis, Raymond, Clear Conscience: The atom born vs. the super holocaust, Padukah, KY: Turner Pub. Co., 1999. Davis, Zachary S. and Frankel, Benjamin (eds.), The Proliferation Puzzle: Why Nuclear Weapons Spread and What Results, London: Frank Cass, 1993. Denisov, Valery I., "Nuclear Institutions and Organizations in North Korea," James Clay Moltz & Alexaandre Y. Mansourov (eds.), The North Korean Nuclear Program: Security, Strategy, and New Perspectives from Russia, New York: Routledge, 2000. Destler, I. M., Haruhiro Fukui, Hideo Sato & Priscilla Clapp, Managing an Alliance: The Politics of U.S.-Japanese Relations, Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press, 1976. Donnelly, Michael W., "Japan's Nuclear Energy Quest," Gerald L. Curtis (ed.),Japan's Foreign Policy: After the Cold War Coping With Change, London: An East Gate Book, 1993. Dougher ty, James E., & Robert L. Pfaltzgraff, Jr., Contending Theories of International Relations: A Comprehensive Survey (3rd Ed.), New York: Harper Collins, 1997. Drifte, Reinhard, Japan's Foreign Policy in the 1990s: From Economic Superpower to What Power?, London: Macmillan Press Ltd., 1996. Dunne, Timothy, "Realism," John Baylis & Steve Smith (eds.), The Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations, New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. Edington, Robert Van, Japan in the United Nations on the Issue of Nuclear Weapons, Seattle: Univ of Washington 1968. Edstrom, Bert (ed.), Japan's Foreign and Security Policies in Transition, Stockholm: Center for Pacific Asia Studies, 1996. Emmerson, John K.& Humphreys, Leonard A., Will Japan Rearm?: A Study in Attitudes, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research: Washington D.C., 1973. Emmerson, John K., Arms, Yen, and Power: The Japanese Dilemma, New York: Dunellen, 1971. Endicott, John E., Japan's Nuclear Option: Political, Technical, and Strategic Factors, New York: Praeger Publishers, 1976. Feiveson, Harold A., (ed.), The Nuclear Turning Point: A Blueprint for Deep Cuts and De-alerting of Nuclear Weapons, Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press,1999. Foot, Rosemary, The Practice of Power: U.S. Relations with China Since 1949, New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. Fukase, Tadakazu, Sensouhouki to Heiwateki Seizonken (Pengharaman Perang dan Hak Untuk Hidup dalam Keamanan), Tokyo: Iwanami Press, 1987. Funabashi, Yoichi (ed.), Japan's International Agenda, New York & London: New York University Press, 1994. Nippon no Taigai Koso: Reisengo no Bijon o Kaku (Pemikiran Asas Dasar Luar Jepun: Penulisan Mengenai Wawasan Pasca Perang Dingin), Tokyo: Iwanami,1993. Gaines, Matthew J., Atomic Energy, London: Hymlyn, 1969. Garby, Craig C. & Mary Brown Bullock (eds.), Japan: A New Kind of Superpower?, Baltimore & London, The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994. Godwin, Paul H. B., "China's Defense Modernization: Aspirations and Capabilities," Asian Perspectives on the Challenges of China, Washington D.C: National Defense University Press, 2001. Goldstein, Avery, "Understanding Nuclear Proliferation: Theoritical Explanation and China's National Experience," Zachary S. Davis & Benjamin Frankel (eds.),The Proliferation Puzzle: Why Nuclear Weapons Spread and What Results, London: Frank Cass, 1993. Gourevitch, Peter (ed.), United States-Japan Relations and International Institutions After the Cold War, La Jolla: University of California San Diego, 1995. Grant, Richard L. (ed.), The Process of Japanese Foreign Policy: Focus on Asia, Great Britain: Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1997. Gray, Colin S., The Second Nuclear Age, Boulder, London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1999. Green, Michael J., "The Search for an Active Security Partnership," Akira Iriye and Robert A. Wampler (eds.), Partnership: The United States and Japan 1951-2001, Tokyo: Kodansha International, 2001. Grey, Peter, Japan: High Priced energy, inflation, unemployment and nuclear power, 1977. Grinter, Lawrence E., "Northeast Asian Nuclear Weapons Proliferation and U.S.Policy," Tae-Hwan Kwak & Edward A. Olsen (eds.), The Major Powers of Northeast Asia: Seeking Peace and Security, Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1996. Harrison, Selig S. (ed.), Japan's Nuclear Future: The Plutonium Debate and East Asian Security, Washington D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1996. Harrop, Martin (ed.), Power and Policy in Liberal Democracies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. Hatch, Walter & Kozo Yamamura, Asia in Japan's Embrace, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Hayes, Peter (eds.), American Lake: Nuclear Peril in the Pacifc, Tokyo: Asahi Shimbun, 1987. et. al., Peace and Security in Northeast Asia and the Nuclear Issue, New York: MA Sharpe, 1996. Pacifc Powderkeg: American Nuclear Dilemmas in Korea, New York: Free Press,1990. "The Republic of Korea and the Nuclear Issue," Andrew Mack (ed.), Asian Flashpoint: Security and the Korean Peninsula, Canberra: Allen & Unwin, 1993. Hein, Laura Elizabeth and Selden, Mark, Living with the bomb: American and Japanese Cultural Conflicts in the Nuclear Age, Armonk, NY: ME Sharpe, 1997. Herken, Gregg F., The Winning Weapon: The Atomic Bomb in the Cold War 1945-1950, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988. Hunsberger, Warren S., Japan's Quest: The Search for International Role, Recognition, and Respect, New York: An East Gate Book, 1997. Ikegami-Andersson, Masako, "American-Japanese Co-operation in Military R&D: Implications for Regional Security," Bert Edstrom (ed.), Japan's Foreign and Security Policies in Transition, Stockholm: The Swedish Institute for International Affairs and the Center for Pacific Asia Studies, 1996. Inoguchi, Takashi & Grant B. Stillman (eds.), North-East Asian Regional Security: The Role of International Institutions, Tokyo & New York: United Nations University Press, 1997. Inoguchi, Takashi, Japan's Foreign Policy in an Era of Global Change, London: Pinter Publishers Ltd., 1993. Iriye, Akira, lapan and the Wider World: From the Mid-Nineteenth Century to the Present, London & New York: Longman, 1997. Nihon no Gaiko (Diplomasi Jepun), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, 1966. Islam, I. & A. Chowdhury, The Asia-Pacifc Economies, London & New York: Routledge, 1996. Izumi, Hajime, "Japan and the Korean Peninsula: The Idea of a Northeast-Asia Nuclear Non-Proliferation Zone," Bertsch Gary K., Richard T. Cupitt & Takehiko Yamamoto (eds.), U.S. and Japanese Nonproliferation Export Controls: Theory, Description and Analysis, New York: University Press of America, 1996. Jain, Purnendra & Takashi Inoguchi, Japanese Politics Today: Beyond Karaoke Democracy?, Melbourne: Macmillan Education Australia Pty. Ltd., 1997. Jin, Guangyao, 'The Security Situation and Co-operative Security in Northeast Asia," Christopher M. Dent & David W. F. Huang (eds.), Northeast Asian Regionalism: Learning from the European Experience, New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2002. Kaihara, Osama, Watashino Kokubo Hakusho (Kertas Putih Pertahanan Negara), Tokyo: 1979. Kamiya, Fuji, Sengoshi no Naka no Nichibei Kankei (Hubungan Jepun-Amerika Syarikat Selepas Perang ), Tokyo: Shinchosha, 1989. Kamo, Takehiko, Sekai Seiji o dou Miruka (Bagaimana Seseorang Perlu Memahami Politik Dunia), Tokyo: Iwanami, 1993. Kaneko, Kumao, For the Renaissance of Nuclear Power in Asia, Tokyo: Japan Forum for International Relations, 1998. Kaneko, Kumao, Global Environmental Problems 1968-1998, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, 1998. Nippon no Kaku, Ajia no Kaku (Isu Nuklear di Jepun dan Asia), Asahi Shimbun Publishing, 1997. Nuclear Deterrence and Northeast Asian Security, Tokyo: Jiji Press, 1998. Nuclear Safety and Asian Security in the 2lst Century, San Diego: Institute for Global Conflict and Cooperation, University of California at San Diego, 1998. Kataoka, Tetsuya, Waiting for a "Pearl Harbor": Japan Debates Defense, Stanford, California: Hoover Institution Press, 1980. Katzenstein, Peter J., & Nobuo Okawara, Japan's National Security: Structures,Norms and Policy Responses in a Changing World, Ithaca: Cornell University East Asia Program, 1993. Katzenstein, Peter J., & Nobuo Okawara, "Japanese Security Issues," Craig C.Garby & Mary Brown Bullock (eds.), Japan: A New Kind of Superpower?, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 1994. Katzenstein, Peter J., & Takashi Shiraishi (eds.), Network Power: Japan and Asia, Ithaca & London: Cornell University Press, 1997. Kaurov, Georgiy, "A Technical History of Soviet-North Korean Nuclear Relations," James Clay Moltz & Alexandre Y. Mansourov (eds.), The North Korean Nuclear Program: Security, Strategy, and New Perspectives from Russia, New York: Routledge, 2000. Kawagoe, Toshihiko and Sueo Sekiguchi (eds.), East Asian Economies: Transformation and Challenges, Singapore: ISEAS, 1995. Kido, Shigeru, "Anzenhosho o Meguru Ronso no Keifu to Bansuirei (Kontroversi Terhadap Keselamatan Jepun)," Kokusai Seiji to Nihon no Sentaku (Politik Antarabangsa dan Pilihan Jepun),Tokyo:1982. Kihl, Young Whan (ed.), et. al., Peace and Security in Northeast Asia: The Nuclear Issue and the Korean Peninsular, New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1997. Kim, Taewoo, "Japanese Ambitions, U.S. Constraints, and South Korea's Nuclear Future," Selig S. Harrison (ed.), Japan 's Nuclear Future: The Plutonium Debate and East Asian Security, Washington D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1996. Kissinger, Henry A., Nuclear Weapons and Foreign Policy, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1957. Years of Upheaval: The Concluding Volume of His Memoirs, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1999. Knutsen, Torbjorn L., (2nd Ed.) A History of International Relations Theory, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1997. Kokusai Rengo Kensho (Piagam Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu), Tokyo: Horupushuppan, 1991. Koseki, Shoichi, Shin Kenpo no Tanjo (Kelahiran Perlembagaan Baru), Tokyo: Chuo Koronsha, 1989. Kuroda, Katsuhiro, Kankoku: Hannichi Syokogun Shindoromu (Korea Selatan: Sindrom Anti-Jepun), Tokyo: Aki Shobo, 1995. Kwak, Tae-Hwan, & Edward A. Olsen (eds.), The Major Powers of Northeast Asia: Seeking Peace and Security, Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1996. Kwak, Tae-Hwan, "Inter-Korean Relations and Northeast Asian Security," Christopher M. Dent & David W. F. Huang (eds.), Northeast Asian Regionalism:Learning from the European Experience, New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2002. Leitch, Richard D. Jr., Akira Kato & Martin E. Weinstein, Japan's Role in the Post-Cold War World, Westport & London: Greenwood Press, 1995. Lewis, John Wilson, & Xue Litai, China Builds the Bomb, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1988. Lijun, Sheng, China and Taiwan: Cross-Strait Relations Under Chen Shui-bian,Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2003. Mabuchi, Masaru, Okurasho Tousei no Seijikeizaigaku (The Political Economy of the Financial Ministry's Control), Tokyo: Chuo koron-sha, 1994. Manheim, Jarol B. & Richard C. Rich, Empirical Political Analysis: Research Methods in Political Science, New York & London: Longman, 1991. Mann, James H., About Face: A History of America's Curious Relationship with China,New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1999. Manning, Robert A., China, Nuclear Weapons, and Arms Control: a Preliminary Assessment, New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 2000. Matthews, Aaron, "Japan's Missile Defence Dilemma," David W. Lovell (ed.),Asia-Pacific Security: Policy Challenges, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2003. Mazarr, Michael J., "Predator States and War: The North Korean Case," Tong Whan Park (ed.), The U.S. and the Two Koreas: A Two Triangle, Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1998. Moiseyev, Valentin I., "The North Korean Energy Sector," James Clay Moltz and Alexandre Y. Mansourov (eds.), The North Korean Nuclear Program: Security,Strategy, and Perspectives from Russia, New York: Routledge, 2000. Momoi, Makoto, "Are There any Alternative Strategies for the Defense of Japan?," Franklin B. Weinstein (ed.), US.-Japan Relations and the Security of East Asia: The Next Decade, Boulder, Colorado: Westview, 1978. Morgenthau, Hans, Politics Among Nations, New York: Free Press, 1954. Muroyama, Yoshimasu, Nichibei Ampo Taisei (Regim Keselamatan Jepun-Amerika Syarikat), Tokyo: Yukihaku, 1992. Nagai, Yonosuke & Iriye, Akira (eds.), The Origins of the Cold War in Asia, Tokyo: Tokyo University Press, 1977. Gendai no Senryaku, (Strategi Kontemporari), Tokyo: Bungeishunju, 1985. Heiwa no Daisho (Kos Ke atas Keamanan), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, 1967. Nagai, Yonosuke, Takyoku Sekai no Kozo (Struktur Dunia Multipolar), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, 1973. Nakagawa, Yatsuhiro, Gendai Kaku Senryakuron: Kaku Jidai no Heiwagaku (Pemikiran Strategi Nuklear Kontemporari: Keamanan di Era Nuklear),Tokyo: Harashobo, 1985. NHK, Sonotoki Nihon wa (Jepun Pada Ketika Itu), Tokyo: NHK Syuppan, 1996. Nishida, Masaru (ed.), Hikaku Jichitai Undou no Riron to Jittai (Teori dan Amalan Pergerakan Kerajaan Bukan Nuklear), Tokyo: Origin Publishing Company, 1985. Nomura, Issei, Japan's Foreign Policy (Himpunan Syarahan di Universiti Malaya),Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Malaya, 1997. Norris, Robert. S., Andrew S. Burrows & Richard W. Fieldhouse, Nuclear Weapons Databook: British, French, and Chinese Nuclear Weapons, Volume V, Boulder,Colorado: Westview Press, 1994. Oberdorfer, Don, The Two Koreas: A Contemporary History, United States of America: Basic Books, 1997. Ohmae, Kenichi, Ajiajin to Nohonjin (Orang Asia dan Orang Jepun), Tokyo: Shogakukan, 1994. Okabe, Tatsumi (ed.), Posuto-reisen no Ajia-taiheiyo (Asia Pasifik Pasca Perang Dingin), Tokyo: Japan Institute of International Affairs, 1995. Okazaki, Hisahiko, Atarashi Ajia e no Dai-Senryaku: Nippon Hatten no Bishon (Strategi Agung Ke arah Asia Baru: Wawasan untuk Pembangunan Jepun), Tokyo: Yomiuri Shinbun-sha, 1993. Otake, Hideo, Jiyushugi-teki Kaikaku no Jidai (Era Pembaharuan Liberal), Tokyo: Chuo koron-sha, 1994. Ozawa, Ichiro, Blueprint for a New Japan: The Rethinking of a Nation, Tokyo: Kodansha International, 1994 Park, Han S., "The Conundrum of the North Korean Bomb: An Unconventional Perspective," Gary K. Bertsch, Richard T. Cupitt & Takehiko Yamamoto (eds.),U. S. and Japanese Nonproliferation Export Controls: Theory, Description and Analysis, New York: University Press of America Inc., 1996. Park, Tong Whan, "South Korea's Nuclear Option: The Interplay of Domestic and International Politics," Tong Whan Park (ed.), The U.S. and the Two Korea: A New Triangle, London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1998. Paul, T. V., Power Versus Prudence: Why Nations Forgo Nuclear Weapons, Montreal:McGill-Queen's University Press, 2000. Pyle, Kenneth B., The Japanese Question: Power and Purpose in a New Era, Washington D.C.: The AEI Press, 1996. Reiss, Mitchell, Without the Bomb: The Politics of Nuclear Nonproliferation, New York: Columbia University Press, 1988. Rhodes, Richard, The Making of the Atomic Bomb, New York: Simon & Schuster,1995. Richardson, Bradley, Japanese Democracy: Power, Coordination, and Performance, New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 1997. Saito, Michio, Genbaku Shinwa no Gojunen: Sorechigau Nihon to Amerika (50 Tahun Mitos Pengeboman: Kesilapan Jepun dan Amerika Syarikat), (Tokyo: Chuo Koronsha, 1995. Sato, Katsumi, Kita Chosen 'Han' no Kaku Senryaku, (Kegusaran Bom: Strategi Nuklear Korea Utara), Tokyo: Kobunsha, 1993. Scalapino, Robert A., "The Challenges Ahead," Tong Whan Park (ed.), The U.S.and the Two Koreas: A New Triangle, London: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1998. Sigal, Leon V., Disarming Strangers: Nuclear Diplomacy with North Korea, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999. Soeya, Yoshihide, "Japan's Defense Policy Into the 1990s," Frank C. Langdon & Douglas A. Ross (eds.), Superpower Maritime Strategy in the Pacifc, London & New York: Routledge, 1990. Soman, Appu Kuttan, Double-edged Sword: Nuclear Diplomacy in Unequal Conflicts, Westport: Praeger, 2000. Steans, Jill, & Lloyd Pettiford, International Relations: Perspectives and Theme,London: Longman, 2001. Sundarji, General K., "India's Nuclear Weapons Policy," Jorn Gjelstad and Olav Njolstad (eds .), Nuclear Rivalry and International Order, London: Sage Publications, 1996. Sutter, Robert G., The United States and East Asia: Dynamics and Implications, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2003. Takehiko, Kamo (ed.), Koza Seikikan no Sekai Seiji, 3, Ajia no Kokusai Chitsujo, Datsu Reisen no Eikyo (Politik Dunia Dalam Peralihan Dasawarsa, 3: Orde Serantau di Asia, Pengaruh Berakhirnya Perang Dingin), 'Tokyo: Nihon Hyoron-sha, 1993. Terumasa, Nakanishi et al. (eds.), Ajia wa dou Kawaruka: 90 Nendai no Ajia no Sogo Anzenhosho (Bagaimana Asia Akan Berubah: Keselamatan Komprehensif di Asia Sepanjang 1990-an), Tokyo: Nihon Keizai Shinbunsha, 1993. Treat, John Whittier, Writing Ground Zero: Japanese Literature and the Atomic Bomb, Chicago: University of Chicago Pressl, 1995. Tsuchiyama, Jitsuo, "Ironies in Japanese Defense and Disarmament Policy," Inoguchi Takashi & Purnendra Jain (eds.), Japanese Foreign Policy Today, New York: Palgrave, 2000. Tsuru, Shigeto, Naze Ima. Nichibei Ampo Ka? (Perjanjian Keselamatan Jepun-Amerika Syarikat: Mengapa Kini?), Tokyo: Iwawami, 1996. Nichibei Anpo Kaisho e no Michi (Jalan Perundingan Perjanjian Keselamatan Jepun- Amerika Syarikat), Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, 1996. Van Cleave, William R., "The Future of Nuclear Weapons," Kaltefleiter, Werner,Schumacher, Ulrike (eds.), Five Years after the Fall of the Berlin Wall, Frankfurt am Main, Berlin, Bern, New York, Paris, Wein: Peter Lang, 1996. Viotti, Paul R., & Mark V. Kauppi, International Relations Theory: Realism, Pluralism, Globalism (2nd Ed.), New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1993. Vogel, Ezra F., Is Japan Still Number One?, Subang Jaya: Pelanduk Publications, 2000. Welfield, John Barnett, Japan and Nuclear China: Japanese Reactions to China's Nuclear Weapons, Canberra: ANU Press, 1970. Westad, Odd Arne, (ed.), Brothers in Arms: The Rise and Fall of the Sino-Soviet Alliance 1945-63, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998. Wiarda, Howard J., U.S. Foreign and Strategic Policy in the Post-Cold War Era: A Geopolitical Perspective, Westport: Greenwood Press, 1996. Williams, David, Japan and the Enemies of Open Political Science, London & New York: Routledge, 1996. Wolfers, Arnold, Discord and Collaboration, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1962. Wright, Chris, Korea: Its History and Culture, Seoul: Korean Overseas Information Service, 1994. Xia, Liping, "China's Efforts as a Responsible Power," David W. Lovell (ed.), Asia-Pacific Security: Policy Challenges, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2003. Zhebin, Alexander, "A Political History of Soviet-North Korean Nuclear Cooperation," James Clay Moltz & Alexandre Y. Mansourov (eds.), The North Korean Nuclear Program: Security, Strategy, and New Perspectives from Russia, New York & London: Routledge, 2000. Jurnal, Majalah, Kertas Kerja, Kertas Berkala Akaha, Tsuneo, "Japan's Nonnuclear Policy," Asian Survey, Vol. XXIV, No. 8, Ogos 1984. Akutsu, Hiroyasu, Japan 's Strategic Interest in the Korean Peninsula Enegry Development Organization (KEDO): A 'Camouflaged Alliance' and Its Double-Sided Effects on Regional Security, Kertas kerja di persidangan Korean Peninsula: Enhancing Stability and International Dialogue, Anjuran Kementerian Luar Negeri Itali, Rome, 1-2 Jun 2000. Albright, David, & Corey Gay, "Taiwan: Nuclear Nightmare Averted," The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Vol. 54, No. 1, Januari/Februari 1998. Alvarez, Robert, "North Korea: No Bygones at Yongbyon," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Vol. 59, No. 4, July/August 2003. "An Initial Proposal on Japan's Constitution," Japan Echo Vol. XX No. 2, Summer 1993. Ball, Desmond and Robert C. Toth, Revising the SIOP: Taking War-Fighting to Dangerous Extreme, International Security, Vol. 14, No.4, Spring 1990. Ball, Desmond, & Euan Graham, Japanese Airborne Sigint Capabilities, (SDSC Working Paper No. 353), Canberra: Strategic and Defense Studies Centre, Australian National University, 2000. Bandow, Doug, Wrong War, Wrong Place, Wrong Time: Why Military Action Should Not Be Used to Resolve the North Korean Nuclear Crisis, (Cato Foreign Policy Briefing No. 76), Washington D.C.: CATO Institute, 12 Mei 2003. Barbier, Colette, "The French Decision to Develop a Military Nuclear Programme in the 1950s," Diplomacy & Statecraft, Vol. 4, No. 1, March 1993. Berger, Thomas U., "Norms, Identity, and National Security in Germany and Japan," Peter J. Katzenstein (ed.), The Culture of National Security: Norms and Identity in World Politics, New York: Columbia University Press, 1996. Cultures of Antimilitarism: National Security in Germany and Japan, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998. (Asian Survey, July/Ogos 2000). Bermudez Jr., Joseph S., A History of Ballistic Missile Development in the DPRK (Occasional Paper No. 2), Monterey, California: Center for Nonproliferation Studies Monterey Institute of International Studies, 1999. "North Korea's Nuclear Programme," Jane's Intelligence Review, Vol. 3, No.9, September 1991. Bernstein, Barton J., Eclipsed by Hiroshima and Nagasaki: Early Thinking About Tactical Nuclear Weapons, International Security, Vol. 15, No.4, Spring 1991. Betts, Richards K., Wealth, Power and Instability: East Asia and the United States After the Cold War, International Security, Vol. 18, No.3, Winter 1993/94. Bin, Li, "The Impact of U.S. NMD on Chinese Nuclear Modernization," Pugwash Newsletter, Vol. 38, No. 1, Jun 2001. Bojiang, Yang, "Shin Dankai wo Mukaita Nichu Kankei: Jidai no Susei to Hiroi Shiya wo Shuppatsuten ni" (Hubungan Jepun-China Memasuki Fasa Baru: Keadaan Semasa dan Keluasan Perspektif Sebagai Titik Permulaan Baru),Kokusai Mondai (Hal Ehwal Antarabangsa), No. 514, Januari 2003. Bowen, Wyn, Kimber Cramer, Andrew Koch & Adam Moody, "Nuclear-and-Missile Related Trade and Developments for Selected Countries, November 1996-Februari 1997," The Nonprolifwation review, Vol. 5, No. 2, Winter 1998. Brooks, Stephen G., "Dueling Realisms," International Organization, Vol. 51, No. 3, Summer 1997. Brown, Eugene, "Japan's Security Policy in the Post-Cold War World: Threat Perceptions and Strategic Options," The Journal of East Asian Afairs, Vol. VIII, No.2, Summer/Fall 1994. Bull, Hedley, "International Theory: The Case for a Classical Approach," World Politics Vol. XVIII, No.3, April 1966. Burr, William and Jeffrey T. Richelson, "Whether to 'Strangle the Baby in the Cradle': The United States and the Chinese Nuclear Program," 1960-1964,International Security, Vol. 25, No. 3, Winter 2.000/01. Burr, William, (ed.), New Archival Evidence on Taiwanese 'Nuclear Intentions' 1966-1976, (National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 19), 13 Oktober 1999. Cambone, Stephen A., "The United States and Theatre Missile Defence in Northeast Asia, " Survival, Autumn 1997. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, "China's Nuclear Weapons," Proliferation Brief, Vol. 5, No. 8,2002. Carter, Jimmy, The United States and China: A President's Perspective (Inaugural Oksenberg Lecture), Stanford: Asia/Pacific Research Center, 2002. Chang, Gordon H., To the Nuclear Brink: Eisenhower, Dulles and the Quemoy-Matsu Crisis, International Security, Vol. 12, No.4, Spring 1988. Chang, Jaw-ling Joanne, "Lessons from the Taiwan Relations Act," Orbis, Vol. 44, No.1, Winter 2000. Chang, Maria Hsia, & Xiaoyu Chen, "The Nationalist Ideology of the Chinese Military," The Journal of Strategic Studies, Vol. 21, No. 1, Mac 1998. Cheng, Joseph, "A Chinese View of Beijing's Foreign Policy," Global Change, Peace & Security, Vol. 15, No. 2, Jun 2003. Chiba, Hitoshi, "A New Sense of Security," Look Japan, Vol. 49, No. 571, Oktober 2003. Chung, Dae-kyun, "Japan's Korean Community in Transition," Japan Echo, Vol. 30,No. 2, April 2003. Chung, Min Lee, " North Korean Missiles: Strategic Implications and Policy Responses," The Pacifc Review, Vol. 14, No.1,2001. Connaughton, Richard, "Rumbles from the East: Risks and Threats in East Asia," Jane's Intelligence Review, Februari 1998. Coyle, Philip, "Rhetoric or Reality? Missile Defense Under Bush," Arms Control Today, Vol. 32, No. 4, Mei 2002. Crane, George T., "China and Taiwan: Not Yet 'Greater China,"' International Affairs, Vol. 69, No.4,1993. Daalder, Ivo H., & James M. Lindsay, ''Where are the Hawks on North Korea? Faced with a Real Crisis, Bush Does Nothing," The American Prospect, Vol. 14, Issue 2, Februari 2003. Dauvergne, Peter, "Nuclear Power Development in Japan," Asian Survey, Vol.XXXIIII, No.6, June 1993. DiFilippo, Anthony, "Can Japan Craft an International Nuclear Disarmament Policy?," Asian Survey, Vol. XL, No. 4, Julai/Ogos 2000. Dingman, Roger, "Atomic Diplomacy During; the Korean War," International Security, Vol. 13, No. 3, Winter 1988/89. Dittmer, Lowell, "East Asia in the 'New Era' in World Politics," World Politics, Vol.55, No. 1, Oktober 2002. Dreyer, June Teufel, "Sino-Japanese Relations," Journal of Contemporary China, Vol.10, No. 28, Ogos 2000. "Tangled Up With Taiwan," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Vol. 55, No. 6, November/Disember 1999. Ellis, Jason D., & Todd M. Koca, "China Rising: New Challenges to the U.S.Security Posture," Strategic Forum, No. 175, Oktober 2000. Engelhardt, Michael J., "Rewarding Nonproliferation: The South and North Korean Cases," The Nonproliferation Review, Vol. 3, No. 3, Spring-Summer 1996. "Exposing North Korea's Secret Nuclear Infrastructure," Jane's Intelligence Review,Vol. 11, No.8, August 1999. Feaver, Peter D., Gunther Hellmann, Randall L. Schweller, Jeffrey W. Taliaferro,William C. Wohlforth, Jeffrey W. Legro and Andrew Moravcsik, "Brother, Can You Spare a Paradigm? (Or Was Anybody Ever a Realist?)," International Security, Vol. 25, No.1, Summer 2000. Fetter, Steve, Ballistic Missiles and Weapons of Mass Destruction: What is Threat? What Should be Done?, International Security, Vol. 16, No. 1, Summer 1991. Foot, Rosemary J., "Nuclear Coercion and the Ending of the Korean Conflict,"International Security, Vol. 13, No. 3, Winter 1988/98. Fouse, Dr. David, "Japan Gets Serious About: Missile Defense: North Korean Crisis Pushes Debate," Asia-Pacific Security Studies, Vol. 2, No. 4, Jun 2003. Frederick, Jim, "A Time to Fight?," Time, 27 Januari 2003. Funabashi, Yoichi, "Japan's Unfinished Success Story," Japan Quarterly, October-Disember 2001. Gaiko Forum (English Edition), Summer 2000. Gerardi, Greg, & Richard Fisher Jr., "China's Missile Tests Show More Muscle," Jane's Intelligence Review, Vol. 9, No. 3, Mac 1997. Gill, Bates, & Kim Taeho, China's Arms Acquisitions from Abroad: A Quest for 'Superb and Secret Weapons' (SIPRI Research Report No. ll), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995. Gill, Bates, & Michael O'Hanlon, "China's Hollow Military," The National Interest,Summer 1999. Glosserman, Brad, "China and the New Geometry of East Asia," China: An International Journal, Vol. 1, No. 1, Mac 2003. Gormley, Dennis M., Dealing With the Threat of Cruise Missile (Adelphi Paper 339),New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. "Hedging Against the Cruise-Missile Threat," Survival, Vol. 40, No. 1,Spring 1998. Green, Michael J., "The Forgotten Player," The National Interest, Summer 2000. Green, Michael J., & Toby F. Dalton, "Asian Reactions to U.S. Missile Defense," NBR Analysis, Vol. 11, No. 3, November 2000. Green, Michael J., and Katsuhisa Furukawa, "New Ambitions, Old Obstacles:Japan and Its Search For an Arms Control Strategy," Arms Control Today,July/August 2000. Grunden, Walter E., "Hungnam and the Japanese Atomic Bomb: Recent Historiography of a Postwar Myth," Intelligence and National Security, Vol. 13, No. 2, Summer 1998. Hale, David, & Lyric Hughes Hale, "China Takes Off," Foreign AfJairs, Vol. 82, No.6, November/l)lsember 2003. Halperin, Morton H., The Nuclear Dimension oj' the U. S.-Japan Alliance, Berkeley: The Nautilus Institute for Security and Sustainable Development, 1999. Han, Yong Sup, "A New Approach to a Peace Mechanism on the Korean Peninsula, East Asian Revim, Vol. VIII, No. 4, Winter 1996. Hanami, Andrew K., "The Emerging Military-Industrial Relationship in Japan and the U.S. Connection," Asian Survey, Vol. XXXIII, No. 6, Jun 1993. Handzlik, Mariusz, Inventory of International Nonproliferation Organizations and Regimes 2002, Monterey, California: Center for Nonproliferation Studies Monterey Institute of International Studies, 2002. Harrison, Selig S., "The Missiles of North Korea: How Real a Threat?," World Policy Journal, Fall 2000. "Time to Leave Korea?," Foreign Affairs, Vol. 80, No. 2, Mac/April2001. Harvey, Brian, "China's Space Program: Emerging Competitor of Potential Partner?," James Clay Moltz (ed.), New Challenges in Missile Proliferation, Missile Defense, and Space Security (Occasional Paper No. 12), Monterey, California: Center for Nonproliferation Studies Monterey Institute of International Studies, Julai 2003. Hayao, Kenji, The Japanese Prime Minister and Public Policy, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1993. Hayes, Peter, "American Nuclear Hegemony in Korea," Journal of Peace Research,Vol. 25, No. 4,1988. Henriksen, Thomas H., "The Rise and Decline of Rouge States," Journal of International Aflairs, Vol. 54, No. 2, Spring 2001. Hiramitsu, Kenji, "Leadup to the Signing of the Japan-DPRK Pyongyang Declaration," Gaiko Forum (English Edition), Winter 2003. Hosokawa, Morihiro, "Are U.S. Troops in Japan Needed? Reforming the Alliance," Foreign Affairs, July/August 1998. Hua, Hongxun, "China's Strategic Missile Programs: Limited Aims, Not 'Limited Deterrence'," The Nonproliferation Review, Vol. 5, No. 2, Winter 1998. Hymans, Jacques E. C., Seung-Young Kim & Henning Riecke, "To Go or Not to Go: South and North Korea's Nuclear Decisions in Comparative Context," Journal of East Asian Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1, Febmari 2001. Hyodo, Nisohachi, "Nihon Retto Kaku Heibi Keikaku," (Rancangan Untuk Meletakkan Kepala Peledak Nuclear di Jepun), Shokun, Vol. 28, No. 10, Oktober 1996. Ienaga, Saburo, The Glorification of War in Japanese Education, International Security, Vol. 18, No.3, Winter 1993/94. Imai, Ryukichi, Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear Energy: Past and Future, IIPS Policy Paper 215E, Tokyo: Institute for International Policy Studies, August 1998. Post-Cold War Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Japan," Japan Review of International Affairs, Vol. 8, No. 4, Fall 1994. Weapons of Mass Destruction: Major Wars, Regional Conflict, and Terrorism," Asia-Pacific Review, Vol. 9, No. 1, Mei 2002. Ishihara, Shintaro, "Hikaku no Shinwa wa Kieta," Kehilangan Mitologi Bukan Nuklear), Shokun, Oktober 1970. Jane's Defense Weekly, 2 April 1994. Japan Echo, Vol. XX, No. 2, Summer 1993. Japan Press Weekly, Tokyo: Japan Press Service, Special Issue-Ogos 2002. "Japan's Constitution: The Call to Arms," The Economist, 27 Februari 1999. "Japan's Taboo," Far Eastern Economic Review, 20 Jun 2002. "Japanese Nuclear Game," The Economist, October 9,1999. Jervis, Robert, "Cooperation Under the Security Dilemma," World Politics, Vol. 30, No. 2, Januari 1978. John Lewis Gaddis, "International Relations Theory and the End of the Cold War," International Security, Vol. 17, No.3, Winter 1992/93. Johnson-Freese, Joan, "China's Manned Space Program: What is That All About," Harvard Asia Pacific Review, Vol. 6, No. 2, Fall 2002. Johnston, Alastair Iain, "China's New 'Old Thinking': the Concept of Limited Deterrence," International Security, Vol. 20, No. 3, Winter 1995/96. "Is China a Status Quo Power?," International Security, Vol. 27, No. 4,Spring 2003. Kabashima, Ikuo, "A Nuclear Japan?," Japan Echo, Vol. 30, No. 4, Ogos 2003. Kamimura, Naoki, "Japanese Civil Society and U.S.-Japan Security Relations in the 1990s," Medicine & Global Security, Vol. 7, No. 1, April 2001. Kamiya, Matake, "Nuclear Japan: Oxymoron or Coming Soon?," The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 26, No. 1, Winter 2002-03. Kaneko, Kumao, "Japan Needs No Umbrella," The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, March/April 1996. Kang, C. S. Eliot, "Korean Unification: A Pandora's Box of Northeast Asia?," Asian Perspective, Vol. 20, No. 2, Fall-Winter 1996. Kang, C. S. Eliot, & Yoshinori Kaseda, "Korea and the Dynamics of Japan's Post-Cold War Security Policy," World Affairs, Vol. 164, No. 2, Fall 2001. Kang, Jungmin, & H.A. Feiveson, "South Korea's Shifting and Controversial Interest in Spent Fuel Reprocessing," The Nonproliferation Review, Vol. 8, No. 1,Spring 2001. Kase, Yuri, "Japan's Nonnuclear Weapons Policy in the Changing Security Environment: Issues, Challenges, and Strategies, World Affairs, Vol. 165, No. 3, Winter 2003. "The Cost and Benefits of Japan's Nuclearization: An Insight Into the 1968/70 Internal Report," The Nonproliferation Review, Vol. 8, No. 2, Summer 2001. Katahara, Eiichi, "Japan's Plutonium Policy: Consequences for Nonproliferation," The Nonproliferation Review, Vol. 5, No. 1, Fall 1997. Katayama, Osamu, "Out to Launch," Look Japan, Vol. 49, No. 571, Oktober 2003. Katzenstein, Peter J., "Same War-Different Views: Germany, Japan, and Counterterrorism," International Organization, Vol. 57, Issue 4, Fall 2003. Kawano, Katsutoshi, "Japan's Military Role," Naval War College Review, Vol. 51, Issue 4, Autumn 1998. Kawasaki, Tsuyoshi, "Japan and Two Theories of Military Doctrine Formation: Civilian Policymakers, Policy Preference, and the 1976 National Defense Program Outline," International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, Vol. 1, No. 1,2001. "Postclassical Realism and Japanese Security Policy," The Pacific Review, Vol. 14, No. 2,2001. Kazuya, Sakamoto, "Expanding the Scope of Japan-US Cooperation," Japan Echo, Vol. 30, No. 2, April 2003. Keiko, Omori, "Switching On to New Energy Sources," Look Japan, Vol. 49, No.570, September 2003. Kelly, Emma, "Mechanical Faults Delay Japan's Moon Probe Launch." Flight International, June 30,1999. Kim, Jinmoo, "North Korea's WMD Development: Status and Outlook," Korea Focus, Vol. 11, No. 4, Julai-Ogos 2003. Kim, Seung-Young, "Security, Nationalism and the Pursuit of Nuclear Weapons and Missiles: The South Korean Case, 1970-82," Diplomacy and Statecraft, Vo1.12,No. 4, December 2001. Kim, Taewoo, "Japan's New Security Roles and ROK-Japan Relations," The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, Vol. XI, No. 1, Sum.mer 1999. Kitamura, Motoya, "Japan's Plutonium Program: A Poliferation Threat?," The Nonproliferation Review, Vol. 3, No. 2, Winter 1996. Klintworth, Dr. Gary, China and Taiwan-From Flashpoint to Redefining One China, (Research Paper No. 15 2000-Ol), Canberra: Department of the Parliamentary Library, 2000. Kono, Mitsuo, "The Future of Nuclear Power in Japan," Japan Review of International Aflairs, Vol. 11, No. 3, Fall 1997. Korea Now, 8 Februari 2003. Korea Now, 22 Februari 2003. Krasner, Stephen D., Compromising Westphalia, International Security, Vo1.20, No.3, Winter 1995/95. Kurian, Nimmi, "Defense Modernization in China: An Overview," International Studies, Vol. 37, No. 3, Julai-September 2000. Kuriyama, Takakazu, "Challenges for Japan's Foreign Policy Future," Japan Review of Internationa1 Affairs, Vol. 14, No. 3, Fall 2000. Kwak, Tae-Hwan, & Seung-Ho Joo, "The Korean Peace Process: Problems and Prospects After the Summit," World Affairs, Vol. 165, No. 2, Fall 2002. Lague, David & Sebastian Moffet, "North Korea Nuclear Crisis: A new Menace Makes Japan Rethink," Far Eastern Economic Review, 27 Februari 2003. Landry, John R., "The Military Dimensions of Great-Power Rivalry in the Asia-Pacific Region," Paul D. Taylor (ed.), Asia & the Pacific: US. Strategic Traditions and Regional Realities, Newport: Naval War College Press, 2001. Legro, Jeffrey W., and Andrew Morazcsik, Is Anybody Still a Realist?,International Security, Vol. 24, No.2 Fall 1999. Lennox, Duncan, "Cooperation Boosts Missile Proliferation," Jane's Intelligence Review, Januari 2002. Levite, Ariel E., "Never Say Never Again: Nuclear Reversal Revisited," International Security, Vol. 27, No. 3, Winter 2002/03. Lewis, George, & Andrea Gabbitas, What Should be Done About Tactical Nuclear Weapons? (Occasional Paper), Washington: The Atlantic Council of the United States, Mac 1999. Lim, Robyn, "India's Nuclear Testing: What it Means for Japan," Pacific Forum CSIS, 1998. Limaye, Satu P., "Tokyo's Dynamic Diplomacy: Japan and the Subcontinent's Nuclear Tests," Contemporary Southeast Asia, Vol. 22, No. 2, Ogos 2000. Lo, Chih-Cheng, "Resolving North-South Korean Conflicts: A Structural Approach," Asian Perspective, Vol. 20, No. 2, Fall-Winter 1996. Look Japan, Vol. 49, No. 572, November 2003. Maemura, Takashi, Tomohiko Goto, Katsuhiko Akiyama, Koki Nimura & Atsutaro Watanabe, "New H-2A Launch Vehicle Technology and Maiden Flight Result," Space Technology Japan, The Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences, Vol. 1,2002. Masamori, Sase, "'Shudanteki Jieiken' Kaishaku no Kai," (Persatuan Interpretasi Mengenai 'Hak Pertahanan Kolektif'), Voice, No. 223, Julai 1996. Matthews, Eugene A., ''Japan New Nationalisnn," Foreign Afairs, Vol. 82, No. 6, November/Disember 2003. Mazarr, Michael J., "Going Just a Little Nuclear: Nonproliferation Lessons from North Korea," International Security, Vol. 20, No. 2, Fall 1995. McCormack, Gavan, North Korea: Coming in from the Cold?, (JPRI Working Paper No. 91), Januari 2003. Mearsheimer, John J., A Realist Reply, ln ternational Security, Vol. 20, No. 1, Summer 1995. Medeiros, Evan S., Ballistic Missile Defense and Northeast Asian Security: Views from Washington, Beijing, and Tokyo, Monterey, California: Monterey Institute for International Studies, 2001. Miles, James, "Waiting Out North Korea," Survival, Vol. 44, No. 2, Summer 2002. Miller, John H., "Chanpg Japanese Attitudes Toward Security," Satu P.Limaye & Yasuhiro Matsuda (eds.), Domestic Determinants and Security Policy-Making in East Asia, Tokyo: National Institute for Defense Studies & Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies, 2000. Mistry, Dinshaw, "Beyond the MTCR: Building a Comprehensive Regime to Contain Ballistic Missile Proliferation," International Security, Vol. 27, No. 4,Spring 2003. Mitchell, Gordon R., "Japan-U.S. Missile Defense Collaboration: Rhetorically Delicious, Deceptively Dangerous," The Fletcizer Forum of World Affairs, Vol. 25, No. 1, Winter 2001. Miyashita, Akitoshi, "Gaiatsu and Japan's Foreign Aid: Rethinking the Reactive-Proactive Debate," International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 45, No. 1-4,2001. Moltz, James Clay, (ed.), New Challenges in Missile Proliferation, Missile Defense, and Space Security (Occasional Paper No. 12), Monterey, California: Center for Nonproliferation Studies Monterey Institute of International Studies, Julai 2003. Morimoto, Satoshi, Anzen Hosho Ron: 21 Seiki No Kiki Kanri, (Persoalan Keselamatan: Pengurusan Krisis Abad Ke-21), Tokyo: PHP Kenkyujo, 2000. Morrison, Charles E., (ed.), Asia Pacific Security Outlook 2003, Tokyo: Japan Center for International Exchange, 2003. Murata, Koji, "A Healthy Constitution?," Look Japan, Vol. 49, No. 568, Julai 2003. "Do the New Guidelines Make the Japan-US Alliance More Effective?," Masashi Nishihara (ed.), The Japan-US Alliance: Naw Challenges for the 2lst Century, Tokyo: Japan Center for International Exchange, 2000. "Nuclear Question Becomes Multiple Choice,"Look Japan, Vol. 49, No. 571, Oktober 2003. Nagashima, Akihisa, "Collective Self-Defense and the Japan-U.S. Alliance," Japan Echo, Oktober 2001. Nakamoto, Yoshihiko, "Japanese Realism and Its Contribution to International Relations Theory," Issues & Studies, Vol. 33, No. 2, Februari 1997. Nakasone, Yasuhiro, "Japan's Firm Nonnuclear Resolve," Japan Echo, October 1998. Nam, Chang-hee, "Japan's Self-Defense Forces Under New Defense Guidelines," Korea Focus, Vol. 5, No. 6, November-Disember 1997. "Nihon no Anzenhosho to Kaku Gunshuku-Moto Boei Kanryo no Kuno," (Keselamatan Jepun dan Pengurangan Senjata Nuklear-Kekecewaan Bekas Birokrat Pertahanan), Sekai, No. 447, Februari 1983. Nishioka, Tsutomu, "North Korea's Threat to the Japan-US Alliance," Japan Echo, Vol. 30 No. 2, April 2003. Nolt, James H., "China's Declining Military Power," The Brown Journal of World Afairs, Vol. IX, Issue 1, Spring 2002. "Non-Isolationist America and "Normal Country" Japan," Gaiko Forum (English Edition), Summer 2000. Norris, Robert S., & Hans M. Kristensen, "Nuclear Pursuits," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Vol. 59, No. 5, September/Oktober 2003. Norris, Robert S., Hans M. Kristensen & Joshua Handler, "North Korea's Nuclear Program 2003 (Nuclear Notebook)," The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Vol. 59,Issue 2, Mac-April 2003. Norris, Robert S., William A. Arkin & William Hurr, "Where They Were," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Vol. 55, No. 6, November/Disember 1999. "Where They Were: How Much Did Japan Know?," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Vol. 56, No. 1, Januari/Februari 2000. "North Korea's Nuclear Program 2003," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Vol. 59, No. 2, March/April2003. Nye, Joseph S., "The 'Nye Report': Six Years Later," International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, Vol. 1, No. 1,2001. Ota, Masakatsu, Will Japan Keep Renouncing Nuclear Weapons in the Coming Century?, (Issue Brief 2, Program on General Disarmament), University of Maryland, Julai 2000. Pinkston, Daniel A., & Phillip C. Saunders,, "Seeing North Korea Clearly," Survival, Vol. 45, No. 3, Autumn 2003. Pinkston, Daniel A., "Domestic Politics and Stakeholders in the North Korean Missile Development Program," The Nonproliferation Review, Vol. 10, No. 2, Summer 2003. Powell, Robert, "Nuclear Deterrence Theory, Nuclear Proliferation, and National Missile Defense," International Security, Vol. 27, No. 4, Spring 2003. Rhinelander, John, "Missile Defense and East Asia," Pugwash Newsletter, Vol. 38,No. 1, Jun 2001. Rose, Gideon, "Neoclassical Realism and Theories of Foreign Policy," World Politics, Vol. 51, No. 1, Oktober 1998. Ross, Robert S., "Navigating the Taiwan Strait: Deterrence, Escalation Dominance, and U.S.-China Relations, International Security, Vol. 27, No. 2, Fall 2002. Roy, Denny, "Realism and East Asia," The Journal of East Asian Affairs, Vol. XIV, No. 1, Spring/Summer 2000. Sagan, Scott D., "The Perils of Proliferation: Organization Theory, Deterrence Theory, and the Spread of Nuclear Weapons," International Security, Vol. 14, No. 4, Spring 1994. "Why Do States Build Nuclear Weapons?: Three Models in Search of a Bomb," International Security, Vol. 21, No. 3, Winter 1996/97. Sakanaka, Tomohisa, "Military Threats and Japan's Defense Capability," Asian Survey, Vol. XX, No. 7, Julai 1980. Sakurada, Jun, "The Folly of Calls for Nuclear Armament," Japan Echo, Vol. 30,No. 4, Ogos 2003. Samore, Gary, "U.S.-DPRK Missile Negotiations," The Nonproliferation Review, Vol.9, No. 2, Summer 2002. Sato, Seizaburo, "Why National Defense Became Security," Gaiko Forum, (English Edition), Summer 2000. "Why the Shift From Kokubo (National Defense) to Anzen Hosho (Security)?: A Study of the Basic Issues Surrounding Japan's Security," Asia-Pacific Review, Vol. 7, No. 2,2000. Schroeder, Paul, "Historical Reality vs. Neo-realist Theory," International Security Vol. 19, No.1, Summer 1994. Segal, Gerald, "East Asia and the 'Constrainment' of China," International Security,Vol. 20, No.4, Spring 1996. Self, Benjamin, "China and Japan: A Facade of Friendship," The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 26, No. 1, Winter 2002-03. "Seoul Warns N.K. on Standoff: Defense Ministry Rebukes Pyongyang for Spy Plane Incident," Korea Now, 22 Mac 2003. Shambaugh, David, "China and the Korean Peninsula: Playing for the Long Term," The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 26, No. 2, Spring 2003. "China's Military Views the World: Ambivalent Security," International Security, Vol. 24, No.3, Winter 1999/2000. Shapley, Deborah, "Nuclear Weapons History: Japan's Wartime Bomb Projects Revealed," Science, Vol. 199,13 January 1978. Sherrill, Clifton W., "The Need for a Japanese Nuclear Deterrent," Comparative Strategy, Vol. 20, No. 1, Januari-Mac 2001. Shibata, Toshikazu, "Recommendations for Promoting of Peaceful Uses of Nuclear energy," Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, Vol. 36, No. 1,Januari 1999. Shimizu, Ikutaro, "Nihon no Motsubeki Boeiryoku (Keperluan Kapasiti Pertahanan untuk Jepun)," Ikutaro Shimizu (ed.), Nihon o Kokka Tare: Kaku no Sentaku (Jepun, Jadilah Negara Sebenar: Pilihan Nuklear), Tokyo: Gunji Kagaku Kenkyu-Kai, 1980. Siler, Michael J., "U.S. Nuclear Nonproliferation Policy in the Northeast Asian Region During the Cold War: The South Korean Case," East Asia, Vol. 16, No.314, Autumn/Winter 1998. Slayton, Thomas, "Theater Missile Offensive?," Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs, Vol. 1, No. 1, Spring 2001. Smith, Sheila A., "Japan's Uneasy Citizens and the U.S.-Japan Alliance," Analysis from the East- West Center, No. 54, September 2001. Soeya, Yoshihide, "Mutually Assured Discussion," Look Japan, September 2001. Song, Yann-huei, "China's Missile Tests in the Taiwan Strait: Relevant International Law Questions," Marine Policy, Vol. 23, No. 1, Januari 1999. Stackpole, H.C., "A US Security Approach in the Asia-Pacific Region in the Age of Globalization," Asia-Pacific Review, Vol. 9, No. 1, Mei 2002. Steans, Jill, & Lloyd Pettiford, lnternational Relations: Perspectives and Theme, London: Longman, 2001. Stewart, Charles T., "To Defend Taiwan," The Journal of World Affairs & New Technology, Vol. 5, No. 1, January 2002. Sudo, Sueo, Southeast Asia in Japanese Security Policy (Pacific Strategic Papers), Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1991. Sutter, Robert, "US.-South Korean Relations: Issues and Options," The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, Vol.VIII, No. 2, Winter 1996. Suzuki, Atsuyuki, "Japan's Nuclear Fuel Cycle," Asia-Pacific Review, Vol. 4, No. 2, Fall/Winter 1997. Suzuki, Tatsujiro, A Proposal for Tripartite Nuclear Weapon Free Zone in Korea and Japan: Possible Alternative for TMD?, Kertas persidangan di Rome Forum bertemakan Missile Threats and BMD, 2002. Swaine, Michael D., & Loren H. Runyon, "Ballistic Missiles and Missile Defense in Asia," NBR Analysis, Vol. 13, No. 3, Jun 2002. Swaine, Michael, "Reverse Course? The Fragile Turnaround in U.S.-China Relations," Policy Brief, 22 Februari 2003. Takemoto, Kazuyuki, Referendum Shifts Japan's Nuclear Policy, Kertas Seminar yang dibentangkan pada April 26-27 2002 di Switzerland anjuran International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW) Switzerland. 'Taking Blame for "Payoff": Kim Says Illicit Payment to N.K. was Necessary for Peace," Korea Now, 22 Februari 2003. Taliaferro, Jeffrey W., "Security Seeking Under Anarchy: Defensive Realism Revisited," International Security, Vol. 25, No. 3, Winter 2000/01. Tanaka, Akihiko, The Domestic Context of the Allainces: The Politics of Tokyo,Stanford: Asia/Pacific Research Center (A/PARC), Stanford University, Februari 2000. Tanaka, Yasumasa, "Japanese Attitudes Toward Nuclear Arms," Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 34, Issue 1, Spring 1970. Taoka, Shunji, "Zainichi Beigun no Sonzai Riyu p wo Tou (Persoalan Justifikasi Kehadiran Tentera Amerika Syarikat di Jepun), " Sekai, No. 624, Julai 1996. The United States, Japan, and The Future of Nuclear Weapons: Report of the U.S.-Japan Study Group on Arms Control and Non-Proliferation After the Cold War, Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1995. Theater Missile Defense (TMD) in Northeast Asia: An Annotated Chronology 1990-Present, Monterey: East Asia Nonproliferation Project, Center for Nonproliferation Studies, 1999. Thomas, Timothy L., "China's Electronic Strategies," Military Review, Mei-Jun 2001. Tshuchida, Atsushi, "The Nuclear Arming of Japan," Global Security Study No.18,February 1994. Umemoto, Tetsuya, "Missile Defense and Extended Deterrence in the Japan-US Alliance," The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, Vol. XII, No. 2, Winter 2000. Urayama, Kori J., "Chinese Perspectives on Theater Missile Defense: Policy Implications for Japan," Asian Survey, Vol. XL, No. 4, Julai/Ogos 2000. Waltz, Kenneth N., "Realist Thought and Neorealist Theory," Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 44, No. 1, Spring/Summer 1990. "Structural Realism After the Cold War," International Security, Vol. 25, No.1, Summer 2000. "The Emerging Structure of International Politics," International Security, Vol. 18, No. 2, Fall 1993. Wang, Qingxin Ken, "Hegemony and Socialisation of the Mass Public: The Case of Postwar Japan's Cooperation With the United States on China Policy," Review oflnternational Studies, Vol. 29, Issue 1, Januari 2003. Yamagata, Dr. Hiroshi, "On the Front Burner," Look Japan, Vol. 49, No. 572, November 2003. Yamamoto, Yoshinobu, "International Political Theory in the Two Postwar Periods," Japan Review oflnternational Affairs, Vol. 14, No. 3, Fall 2000. Yamanouchi, Yasuhide, "Japan-US Cooperation in Dismantling Nuclear Weapons," Asia-Pacific Review, Vol. 4, No. 2, Fall/Winter 1997. You, Ji, Nuclear Power in the Post-Cold War Era: The Development of China's Nuclear Strategy," Comparative Strategy, Vol. 18, No. 3, Julai-September 1999. Zhu, Mingquan, "The Evolution of China's Nuclear Nonproliferation Policy," The Nonproliferation Review, Vol. 4, No. 2, Winter 1997. Zuberi, Matin, "Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki," Strategic Analysis, Vol. XXV, No. 5, Ogos 2001. Laporan, Kertas Putih, Kertas Dasar Andrew Feickert, North Korean Ballistic Missile Threat to the United States (Congressional Research Service (CRS) Report for Congress), 25 Mac 2003. Annual Report on the Military Power of the People's Republic of China, (Report to Congress Pursuant to the FY2000 National Defense Authorization Act), 28 Julai 2003. Anthony, Ian, "Multilateral Export Controls," SIPRI Yearbook 2002: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. Ball, Desmond, Missile Defense: Trends, Concerns and Remedies, (SDSC Working Paper No. 360), Canberra: Strategic and Defence Studies Center, The Australian National University, 2001. Bates Gill & Kim Taeho, China's Ams Acquisitions from Abroad: A Quest for 'Superb and Secret Weapons' (SIPRI Research Report No. ll), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995. Building an Asia-Pacifc Security Community: The Role of Nuclear Weapons (Policy Paper), Washington: The Atlantic Council of the United States & The Research Institute for Peace and Security Tokyo, Mei 1999. Cordesman, Anthony H., The Global Nuclear Balance: A Quantitative and Arms Control Analysis, Washington DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2002. Defense of Japan 1996, Tokyo: Japan Defense Agency, 1996. Defense of Japan 1997, Tokyo: Defense Agency Japan, 1997. 1999 Defense of Japan, Tokyo: Urban Connections, 1999. Defense of Japan 2002, Tokyo: Urban Connections, 2002. Diplomatic Bluebook 1999: Japan's Diplomacy With Leadership Toward the New Century, Tokyo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Japan, 1999. Diplomatic Bluebook 2002, Tokyo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs Japan, 2002. Don Oberdorfer & Hajime Izumi, The United States, Japan and the Korean Peninsular: Coordinating Policies and Objectives, (Working Paper No. ll),Washington D.C.: National Security Archive, 1998. Evans, Gareth, "Kaku Heiki Haizetsu ni Tsuite no Canberra Iin Kaihookoku Happyo go no Kokusaitekina Hatten," (Laporan Suruhanjaya Canberra Mengenai Penghapusan Senjata Nuklear dan Seterusnya Kemajuan Antarabangsa), Sekkyokuteki Heiwa Shugi o Mezashite: [Kaku no Kasa] Mondai o Fukumete Kangaeru, (NIRA Kenkyu Hokokusho No. 20000005), Tokyo: Sogo Kenkyu Kaihatsu Kiko, 2001. Facing Nuclear Dangers: An Action Plan for the 21st Century, (The Report of the Tokyo Forum for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament), Tokyo: Japan Institute of International Affairs, 1999. Feickert, Andrew, North Korean Ballistic Missile Threat to the United States (Congressional Research Service (CRS) Report for Congress), 25 Mac 2003. Harrison, Selig S., Beyond the Axis of Evil: What Price for a Nuclear-Free Korea?, Ucaptama semasa berlangsungnya Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Non-Proliferation Project Roundtable, Washington DC, 10 Mei 2002. Hayes, Peter, Japan's Plutonium Overhang and Regional Insecurity (Working Paper No. 136), Canberra: Peace Research Centre, A.NU, 1993. Heisei 15 Nen Nihon no Boei (Defense of Japan 2003), Tokyo: Boeicho, 2003. Huisken, Ron, ABM us BMD: The Issue of Ballistic Missile Dgence, (SDSC Working Paper No. 357), Canberra: Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, The Australian National University, 2001. Imai, Ryukichi, Ballistic Missile Defense, the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Review and a Nuclear Free World, (Institute for Internationa Policy Studies Policy Paper 254E), Tokyo: Institute for International Policy Studies, 2000. Japan's Nuclear Diplomacy: Focus on Nuclear Energy not Weapons (IIPS Policy Paper 231E), Tokyo: Institute for International Policy Studies, 1999. Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear Energy: Past and Future, (IIPS Policy Paper 215E), Tokyo: Institute for International Policy Studies, 1998. International Court of Justice, "Legality of the Threat of Use of Nuclear Weapons," Dissenting Opinion of Judge Shigera Oda, 1995. Japan's Oficial Development Assistance Annual Report 1998, Tokyo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1999. Japan's Official Develpment Assiatance Annual Report 1995, Tokyo: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1995. Jean Pascal Zanders, "Weapons of Mass Dissruption?," SIPRI Yearbook 2003: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Jietai-Boei Mondai ni Kansuru Yoronchosa (Pungutan Suara Berkaitan SDF), Tokyo:Kantei (Pejabat Perdana Menteri Jepun), Januari 2000. Kakihara, Kuniharu, The Post-9/11 Paradigm Shift and Its Effects on East Asia, (IIPS Policy Paper 292E), Tokyo: Institute for International Policy Research, Januari 2003. Makoto, Iokibe, The Japan-US Alliance as a Maritime Alliance, Japan's Grand Strategy for the 21st Century: From an Insular Nation to a Maritime Nation, Tokyo: The Japan Forum on International Relations, Inc. Februari 2000. Nakamura, Yuji, Energy Security: Strategic Viewpoints (IIPS Policy Paper 289E),Tokyo: Institute for International Policy Studies, Mei 2002. Nihon no Anzen Hosho to Boeiryoku no Arikata (Higuchi Report), 12 Ogos 1994. Nihon no Boei (Pertahanan Jepun), Tokyo: Boei Cho, Oktober 1970. Niihara, Shoji, "Japan-U.S. Secret Agreements on Nuclear Weapons and Their Meaning," International Meeting of the 2000 World Conference Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs, Hiroshima, 2 Ogos 2000. Ouyang, Dr. Min-Shen, Nuclear Power Development in Taiwan: Operational Performance and Prospects, 36th JAIF Conference, Tsuruga City, Japan, 15 April 2003. Prospects for International Relations in 2003, Seoul: The Institute of Foreign Affairs and National Security, 2003. Report of the Select Committee on U.S. National Security and Military /Commercial Concerns with the People's Republic of China, Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1999. Roberts, Brad, East Asia's Nuclear Future: A Long-Term View of Threat Reduction (IDA Document P-3641), Virpia: Institute for Defense Analyses, Ogos 2001. Sekkyokuteki Heiwa Shugi o Mezashite: [Kaku no Kasa] Mondai o Fukumete Kangaeru (Keamanan Proaktif Jepun dan Strategi Keselamatan: Persoalan 'Payung Nuklear'), Tokyo: Sogo Kenkyu Kaihatsu Kiko, 2001. SIPRI Yearbook 1998: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security, New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. SIPRI Yearbook 2003: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. SIPRI Yearbook 2003: Armaments, Disarmaments and International Security (Pocket size Summary Edition), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Strategic Survey 1996/97, London: The International Institute for Strategic Studies, 1996. Strategic Survey 1999/2000, London: The International Institute for Strategic Studies, 1999. The Military Balance 1998/99, London: Oxford University Press, 1998. The Ministry of National Defense, Defense White Paper 1998, Seoul: The Korea Institute for Defense Analyses, 1999. The United States, Japan and the Future of Nuclear Weapons, Report of the U.S.-Japan Study Group on Arms Control and Non-Proliferation After the Cold War, Washington D.C: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1995. Theater Missile Defense (TMD) in Northeast Asia: An Annotated Chronology 1990-Present, Monterey: East Asia Nonproliferation Project, Center for Nonproliferation Studies, 1999. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), United Nations, 1982. Wang, Jianwei, & Xinbo Wu, Against Us or With Us? The Chinese Perspective of America 's Alliances with Japan and Korea, Stanford: Asia/Pacific Research Center, Mei 1998. Yang, Philip, Posuto RiTooKi no Nitai Kankei to Hokuto Ajia No Anzen Hosho (Hubungan Jepun-Taiwan Pasca Li Teng Hui dan Keselamatan Asia Timur), Pembentangan projek penyelidikan di Global Security Research Center, Universiti Keio, Tokyo pada 16 November 2002. Zanders, Jean Pascal, "Weapons of Mass Disruption?," SIPRI Yearbook 2003:Armaments, Disarmament and International Security, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003 Suratkhabar The Daily Yomiuril Yomiuri Shimbun "2 Additional Spy Satellites Set for Launch Sept. 10," The Daily Yomiuri, 29 Mei 2003. "27 'Spy' Ships Operating in Waters Around Japan," The Daily Yomiuri, 1 Januari 2002. "Agency to Seek 140 Billion Yen for New Missile Defense System," The Daily Yomiuri, 21 Ogos 2003. "Alliance a Strong Pillar of Asian Security," The Daily Yomiuri, 18 November 2003. Asano, Yoshiharu, "N. Korea Missile Exports Earned 580 Mil. Dollars in '01," The Daily Yomiuri, 15 Mei 2003. "Ban Spy Ships from Japan's Ports, The Daily Yormiuri, 30 Januari 2003. "Constitution Key Poll Issue/Koizumi's Push for Draft by 2005 to be Focus of Elections," The Daily Yomiuri, 26 Ogos 2003. "Constitutional Debate Overdue," The Daily Yomiuri, 27 Ogos 2003. "Contingency Bills Enacted," The Daily Yomiuri, 7 Jun 2003. "Defense Policy Doesn't Fit Times," The Daily Yomiuri, 26 Mei 2003. "Does Age Really Matter in the Political World?," The Daily Yomiuri, 25 Oktober 2003. "Experts Debate Security, Economy,"The Daily Yomiuri, 16 April 2003. "Firm Raided Over 'N-part' Export," The Daily Yomiuri, 9 Mei 2003. Fukazawa, Junichi, "Japan ROK Wary of China-led FTA," The Daily Yomiuri, 11 Oktober 2003. "Government Cautious Over N. Korea," The Daily Yomiuri, 14 April 2003. "Government Preparing Plans for Missile Defense," The Daily Yomiuri, 14 Mac 2003. "Govt Guidelines on Way to Safeguard Space Secrets," The Daily Yomiuri, 20 Jun 2003. "Govt May Ease Procedure for Missile Defense," The Daily Yomiuri, 25 Ogos 2003. "Govt Says N. Korea Missile Launch Didn't Violate Bilateral Declaration," The Daily Yomiuri, 26 Februari 2003. Hayashi, Michio, & Tetsuo Hidaka, "Missile Defense Plan Faces Challenges," The Daily Yomiuri, 23 Jun 2003. Hidaka, Tetsuo, & Takuji Kawata, "N. Korea Next Move Test-Firing Missile?," The Daily Yomiuri, 3 Februari 2003. Hidaka, Tetsuo, "Spy satellites to watch N.Korea,The Daily Yomiuri, 4 Mac 2003. "Ishiba: Japan to 'Counterattack' if N.Korea Prepares to Attack, The Daily Yomiuri, 26 Januari 2003. Ishiguro, Yutaka, "U.S. Arms Expert: Japan at Risk from N.Korean Missiles," The Daily Yomiuri, 28 Februari 2003. "Japan-U.S. Alliance 'Stronger Than Ever,"' The Daily Yomiuri, 7 November 2003. "Jiang Unruffled Over SDF Role," The Daily Yomiuri, 10 Oktober 2001. Kawashima, Kohei, "Japan-N.Korea Talks Outcome no Surprise," The Daily Yomiuri, 1 November, 2002. Kawata, Takuji, "Year's Blunders Have N. Korea at Bay," The Daily Yomiuri, 1 Januari 2002. "Koizumi to Tackle Economy," The Daily Yomiuri, 19 Oktober 2002. "Man Gyong Bong Said Seeking Resumption of Port Calls in Niigata," The Daily Yomiuri, 31 Julai 2003. "Mourning the War Dead a Domestic Issue," The Daily Yomiuri, 6 Januari 2004. "N-Project Halt to Have Little Effect," The Daily Yomiuri, 5 November 2003 "N. Korea Recalcitrant on Abduction Issue," The Daily Yomiuri, 15 Oktober 2003. "N. Korean Ship Equipped With Military Sonar," The Daily Yomiuri, 6 Jun 2003. "New Missile Interceptors Slated for '07," The Daily Yomiuri, 21 Jun 2003. "North Korean Cargo Ship Served as Spy Link," The Daily Yomiuri, 28 Januari 2003. Okazaki, Hisahiko, "Japan Must be Ready to Use Right of Collective Defense," The Daily Yomiuri, 26 Februari 2001. Piper, Hal, "No Carrots, Sticks for N.Korea,lf The Daily Yomiuri, 8 November,2002. "Remittance Law Reinterpreted Cash Transfer to Pyongyang May be Suspended as Deterrent," The Daily Yomiuri, 19 Mei 2003. Saeki, Satoshi, "China Takes Step Toward 'Great Power' Status," The Daily Yomiuri, 16 Oktober 2003. Sato, Ryuzo, "Nonnuclear Principles and Diplomacy," The Daily Yomiuri, 5 Julai 2002. Sugiyama, Hiroyuki, "China Successfully Tests Multi-Warhead Missiles," The Daily Yomiuri, 8 Februari 2003. "TEPCO at Turning Point," The Daily Yomiuri, 16 April 2003. The Daily Yomiuri, 11 Mac 2003. The Daily Yomiuri, 15 Januari 2003. The Daily Yomiuri, 18 November, 2002. The Daily Yomiuri, 19 Oktober 2002. The Daily Yomiuri, 20 Februari 2003. The Daily Yomiuri, 22 Oktober 2002. The Daily Yomiuri, 26 Februari 2001. "Things Far From Shipshape," The Daily Yomiuri, 10 Jun 2003. 'Tokyo to End Tax Exemption on Chongryun Land, Buildings," The Daily Yomiuri, 30 Mei 2003. "U.S. to Press Japan to Build Missile Shield," The Daily Yomiuri, 8 November 2002. Ueba, Hiroyuki, "U.S. to Review Military Presence in Japan," The Daily Yomiuri, 8 Oktober 2003. "What is China's Ultimate Aim in Space?," The Daily Yomiuri, 17 Oktober 2003. Yomiuri Shimbun, 8 Oktober 1996. Yomiuri Shimbun, 14 Februari 2003 Yomiuri Shimbun, 14 Mac 2003 Youmiuri Shimbun, 15 Oktober 2003 Youmiuri Shimbun, 28 disember 1999 The Daily Yomiuri, 26 Februari 2001. "Things Far From Shipshape," The Daily Yomiuri, 10 Jun 2003. 'Tokyo to End Tax Exemption on Chongryun Land, Buildings," The Daily Yomiuri, 30 Mei 2003. "U.S. to Press Japan to Build Missile Shield," The Daily Yomiuri, 8 November 2002. Ueba, Hiroyuki, "U.S. to Review Military Presence in Japan," The Daily Yomiuri, 8 Oktober 2003. "What is China's Ultimate Aim in Space?," The Daily Yomiuri, 17 Oktober 2003. Yomiuri Shimbun, 8 Oktober 1996. Yomiuri Shimbun, 14 Februari 2003. Yomiuri Shimbun, 14 Mac 2003. Yomiuri Shimbun, 20 Mac 2003. Yomiur