Leisure Constraints and Negotiation Strategies among Malaysian Women's Participation in Sport Tourism

There has been positive expansion of research on women's leisure constraints in various disciplines but none was on Malaysian women's sport tourism participation. Furthermore leisure constraints experienced by Malaysian women differed significantly from those experienced by the general pop...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Khor, Poy Hua
Format:	Thesis
Language:	eng eng
Published:	2009
Subjects:	GV Recreation Leisure
Online Access:	https://etd.uum.edu.my/2115/1/Khor_Poy_Hua.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/2115/2/1.Khor_Poy_Hua.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-uum-etd.2115
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-uum-etd.21152013-07-24T12:14:28Z Leisure Constraints and Negotiation Strategies among Malaysian Women's Participation in Sport Tourism 2009-12 Khor, Poy Hua Lim, Khong Chiu College of Arts and Sciences (CAS) College of Arts and Sciences GV Recreation Leisure There has been positive expansion of research on women's leisure constraints in various disciplines but none was on Malaysian women's sport tourism participation. Furthermore leisure constraints experienced by Malaysian women differed significantly from those experienced by the general population as they have to adhere to cultural tradition to a greater extent than others. Therefore, this study explored the leisure constraints and negotiation strategies among Malaysian women's participation in sport tourism events. Besides that it assists in understanding the evolution of leisure in general as research of different cultural backgrounds would greatly enhance the leisure constraints literature. A self-administered questionnaire adapted from Crawford et al.'s hierarchical model of leisure constraints (1991), Chick and Dong's (2003) leisure constraints across culture scale, and Hubbard and Mannell (2001) negotiation strategies scale was developed for this study. Multistage cluster random sampling with proportion design was used to draw samples and data collected from 636 respondents were analyzed using SPSS-PC. The results reveal that Malaysian women perceived a combination of interpersonal constraints, structural constraints, intrapersonal constraints, and cultural constraints with interpersonal constraints most highly perceived in sport tourism participation. The identification of cultural factor reading "I am obliged to visit my parents/grandparents when I have holidays" as the leisure constraint most highly perceived by Malaysian women clearly indicates that cultural constraints component plays important role in deciding the levels of sport tourism participation among Malaysian women. Analysis revealed that age, ethnic, marital status, occupation, and monthly family income factors do partially influenced Malaysian women's perception of leisure constraints in sport tourism participation. A combination of interpersonal coordination, skill acquisition, financial resources, and time management strategies place some Malaysian women in a better position to negotiate leisure constraints in sport tourism with majority adopting interpersonal coordination factors. Age, ethnic, marital status, occupation, and monthly family income factors do partially affect the adoption of negotiation strategies components in sport tourism participation. Significant relationship existed between negotiation strategies and the overall leisure constraints of Malaysian women participating in sport tourism controlling for age, ethnic, marital status, occupation and monthly family income groups. It could be assumed that age, ethnic, marital status, occupation and monthly family income groups did not affect the relationships between Malaysian women's adoption of negotiation strategies with the overall leisure constraints perceived in sport tourism participations. 2009-12 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/2115/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/2115/1/Khor_Poy_Hua.pdf application/pdf eng validuser https://etd.uum.edu.my/2115/2/1.Khor_Poy_Hua.pdf application/pdf eng public Ph.D. doctoral Universiti Utara Malaysia
institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection	UUM ETD
language	eng eng
advisor	Lim, Khong Chiu
topic	GV Recreation Leisure
spellingShingle	GV Recreation Leisure Khor, Poy Hua Leisure Constraints and Negotiation Strategies among Malaysian Women's Participation in Sport Tourism
description	There has been positive expansion of research on women's leisure constraints in various disciplines but none was on Malaysian women's sport tourism participation. Furthermore leisure constraints experienced by Malaysian women differed significantly from those experienced by the general population as they have to adhere to cultural tradition to a greater extent than others. Therefore, this study explored the leisure constraints and negotiation strategies among Malaysian women's participation in sport tourism events. Besides that it assists in understanding the evolution of leisure in general as research of different cultural backgrounds would greatly enhance the leisure constraints literature. A self-administered questionnaire adapted from Crawford et al.'s hierarchical model of leisure constraints (1991), Chick and Dong's (2003) leisure constraints across culture scale, and Hubbard and Mannell (2001) negotiation strategies scale was developed for this study. Multistage cluster random sampling with proportion design was used to draw samples and data collected from 636 respondents were analyzed using SPSS-PC. The results reveal that Malaysian women perceived a combination of interpersonal constraints, structural constraints, intrapersonal constraints, and cultural constraints with interpersonal constraints most highly perceived in sport tourism participation. The identification of cultural factor reading "I am obliged to visit my parents/grandparents when I have holidays" as the leisure constraint most highly perceived by Malaysian women clearly indicates that cultural constraints component plays important role in deciding the levels of sport tourism participation among Malaysian women. Analysis revealed that age, ethnic, marital status, occupation, and monthly family income factors do partially influenced Malaysian women's perception of leisure constraints in sport tourism participation. A combination of interpersonal coordination, skill acquisition, financial resources, and time management strategies place some Malaysian women in a better position to negotiate leisure constraints in sport tourism with majority adopting interpersonal coordination factors. Age, ethnic, marital status, occupation, and monthly family income factors do partially affect the adoption of negotiation strategies components in sport tourism participation. Significant relationship existed between negotiation strategies and the overall leisure constraints of Malaysian women participating in sport tourism controlling for age, ethnic, marital status, occupation and monthly family income groups. It could be assumed that age, ethnic, marital status, occupation and monthly family income groups did not affect the relationships between Malaysian women's adoption of negotiation strategies with the overall leisure constraints perceived in sport tourism participations.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Ph.D.
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Khor, Poy Hua
author_facet	Khor, Poy Hua
author_sort	Khor, Poy Hua
title	Leisure Constraints and Negotiation Strategies among Malaysian Women's Participation in Sport Tourism
title_short	Leisure Constraints and Negotiation Strategies among Malaysian Women's Participation in Sport Tourism
title_full	Leisure Constraints and Negotiation Strategies among Malaysian Women's Participation in Sport Tourism
title_fullStr	Leisure Constraints and Negotiation Strategies among Malaysian Women's Participation in Sport Tourism
title_full_unstemmed	Leisure Constraints and Negotiation Strategies among Malaysian Women's Participation in Sport Tourism
title_sort	leisure constraints and negotiation strategies among malaysian women's participation in sport tourism
granting_institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department	College of Arts and Sciences (CAS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://etd.uum.edu.my/2115/1/Khor_Poy_Hua.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/2115/2/1.Khor_Poy_Hua.pdf
_version_	1747827268163469312

Leisure Constraints and Negotiation Strategies among Malaysian Women's Participation in Sport Tourism

Similar Items