Characteristics of Board of Directors and Cost of Debts: A Case of United Arab Emirates Listed Companies

Cost of debt provides signals not only on how the firms are financed but it also indicates managers’ ability to increase the bottom line-income statement item. Thus, with a good corporate governance practice, firms are expected to experience optimum level of cost of debt. However, there is a general...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Aomrah, Muneer Rajab Awadh
Format: Thesis
Language:eng
eng
Published: 2011
Subjects:
Online Access:https://etd.uum.edu.my/2894/1/Muneer_Rajab_Awadh_Aomrah.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/2894/2/1.Muneer_Rajab_Awadh_Aomrah.pdf
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id my-uum-etd.2894
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection UUM ETD
language eng
eng
advisor Abdul Wahab, Nor Shaipah
topic HD2709-2930.7 Corporations
spellingShingle HD2709-2930.7 Corporations
Aomrah, Muneer Rajab Awadh
Characteristics of Board of Directors and Cost of Debts: A Case of United Arab Emirates Listed Companies
description Cost of debt provides signals not only on how the firms are financed but it also indicates managers’ ability to increase the bottom line-income statement item. Thus, with a good corporate governance practice, firms are expected to experience optimum level of cost of debt. However, there is a general lack of studies that investigate this issue in the Gulf Council Countries (GCC), particularly the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Therefore, this research is conducted to investigate the relationship between characteristics of board of directors and cost of debts in UAE setting. The characteristics tested include board size, board independence, duality, board meetings, multiple directorships and major director ownership. This paper reports the results from a multivariate analysis on a dataset collected from the 2009 company annual reports of 62 non-financial UAE companies listed on the Dubai Financial Market and Abu–Dhabi Securities Exchange. The empirical results of this study found that the relationship between board size and board independence with cost of debts was in a negative direction but not significant. However, the results found that there was a positive relationship between CEO duality and cost of debts. Board meetings and multiple directorships of the board were the new variables discussed by this study, and the results found that there was a negative relationship between board meetings and multiple directorships with cost of debts. Although, the results of this study found a negative relationship between major director ownership and cost of debts, this relationship was not significant statistically.
format Thesis
qualification_name masters
qualification_level Master's degree
author Aomrah, Muneer Rajab Awadh
author_facet Aomrah, Muneer Rajab Awadh
author_sort Aomrah, Muneer Rajab Awadh
title Characteristics of Board of Directors and Cost of Debts: A Case of United Arab Emirates Listed Companies
title_short Characteristics of Board of Directors and Cost of Debts: A Case of United Arab Emirates Listed Companies
title_full Characteristics of Board of Directors and Cost of Debts: A Case of United Arab Emirates Listed Companies
title_fullStr Characteristics of Board of Directors and Cost of Debts: A Case of United Arab Emirates Listed Companies
title_full_unstemmed Characteristics of Board of Directors and Cost of Debts: A Case of United Arab Emirates Listed Companies
title_sort characteristics of board of directors and cost of debts: a case of united arab emirates listed companies
granting_institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business
publishDate 2011
url https://etd.uum.edu.my/2894/1/Muneer_Rajab_Awadh_Aomrah.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/2894/2/1.Muneer_Rajab_Awadh_Aomrah.pdf
_version_ 1747827455006081024
spelling my-uum-etd.28942022-04-12T00:30:50Z Characteristics of Board of Directors and Cost of Debts: A Case of United Arab Emirates Listed Companies 2011-06 Aomrah, Muneer Rajab Awadh Abdul Wahab, Nor Shaipah Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business HD2709-2930.7 Corporations Cost of debt provides signals not only on how the firms are financed but it also indicates managers’ ability to increase the bottom line-income statement item. Thus, with a good corporate governance practice, firms are expected to experience optimum level of cost of debt. However, there is a general lack of studies that investigate this issue in the Gulf Council Countries (GCC), particularly the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Therefore, this research is conducted to investigate the relationship between characteristics of board of directors and cost of debts in UAE setting. The characteristics tested include board size, board independence, duality, board meetings, multiple directorships and major director ownership. This paper reports the results from a multivariate analysis on a dataset collected from the 2009 company annual reports of 62 non-financial UAE companies listed on the Dubai Financial Market and Abu–Dhabi Securities Exchange. The empirical results of this study found that the relationship between board size and board independence with cost of debts was in a negative direction but not significant. However, the results found that there was a positive relationship between CEO duality and cost of debts. Board meetings and multiple directorships of the board were the new variables discussed by this study, and the results found that there was a negative relationship between board meetings and multiple directorships with cost of debts. Although, the results of this study found a negative relationship between major director ownership and cost of debts, this relationship was not significant statistically. 2011-06 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/2894/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/2894/1/Muneer_Rajab_Awadh_Aomrah.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/2894/2/1.Muneer_Rajab_Awadh_Aomrah.pdf text eng public masters masters Universiti Utara Malaysia Abbott, L., Parker S., Peters, G., & Raghunandan, K. (2003). The association between audit committee characteristics and audit fees. Auditing: A J. Pract. Theory, 22(2), 17–32. Abdulhafedh, K. (2006). Testing and evaluation of the relationship between the cost of capital and stock market returns: An Empirical Study on the industrial companies listed on the Amman Financial Market. University of the Western Mountain Libya. Abdullah, S. (2004). Board composition, CEO duality and performance among Malaysian listed companies. Corporate Governance, 4(4), 47-61. Abdul-Salam, A. (2009). How the debt crisis of Dubai happened? The Saudi Economic Journal. Available at http://www.akhbaralaalam.net/news_detail.php?id=32058. 20/04/2011. Abor, J. (2007). Corporate governance and financing decisions of Ghanaian listed firms. International Journal of Business in Society, 7(3), 205-2015. Adams, R. (2003). What do boards do? Evidence from board committee and director compensation data. SSRN Moscow Meetings Paper. Adams, R., & Mehran, H. (2002). Board structure and banking firm performance. Working Paper, Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Akhtaruddin, M., Hossain, M., Hossain, M., & Yao, L. (2009). Corporate governance and voluntary disclosure in corporate annual reports of Malaysian listed firms. Journal of Applied Management Accounting Research, 7(1), 1-19. Alchian, A., & Demsetz, H. (1972). Production, information costs and economic organization. American Economic Review, 62(5), 77-95. Alsaeed, K. (2006). The association between firm-specific characteristics and disclosure: The case of Saudi Arabia. Managerial Auditing Journal, 21(5), 476-496. Al-Shata, A. (2009). Dubai debt crisis will raise the cost of lending in the region. Forum business and finance within the cultural sandroz forums. Anderson, R., Mansi, S., & Reeb, D. (2003). Founding family ownership and the agency costs of debt. Journal of Financial Economics, 68(3), 263-285. Anderson, R., Mansi, S., & Reeb, D. (2004). Board characteristics, accounting report integrity, and the cost of debt. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 37(4), 315-347. Ashbaugh-Skaife, H., Collins, D., & LaFond, R. (2006). The effects of corporate governance on firms' credit ratings. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 42(2), 203-243. Beasley, M. (1996). An empirical analysis of the relation between the board of directors and financial statement fraud. The Accounting Review, 71(5), 443- 465. Bhojraj, S., & Sengupta, P. (2003). Effect of corporate governance on bond ratings and yields: The role of institutional investors and outside directors, Journal of Business, 76(4), 455-475. Bitar, J. (2003). The impacts of corporate governance on innovation: Strategy in turbulent environments. Chair de management strategies international. Walter-J.-Somers, HEC Montréal, Cahier de recherché. Blue Ribbon Committee (1999). Report and recommendations of the Blue Ribbon Committee on improving the effectiveness of corporate audit committees. New York Stock Exchange. Braunstein, Y, (2002). Cost of capital study for telecommunications utilities. Working paper, School of Information Management and Systems, University of California. 3-8. Brickley, J., Coles J., & Jarrell, G. (1997). Leadership structure: separating the CEO and chairman of the board. Journal of Corporate Finance, 3(3), 189-220. Byrd, J., & Hickman, K. (1992). Do outside directors monitor managers? Evidence from tender offer bids. Journal of Financial Economics, 32(2), 195–222. Byun, H. (2007). The cost of debt capital and corporate governance practices. Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies, 36(5), 765-806. Carapeto, M., Lasfer, M., & Machera, K. (2005). Does duality destroy value? SSRN working paper series. Carcello, J., Hermanson, D., Neal, T., & Riley, R. (2002). Board characteristics and audit fees. Contemporary Accounting Research, 19(3), 365-385. Chaganti, R., Mahajan, V., & Sharma, S. (1985). Corporate board size, composition, and corporate failures in retailing industry. Journal of Management Studies, 22(3), 400–417. Chen, A. (1978). Recent developments in the cost of debt capital. The Journal of Finance, 33(3), 863-6877. Christopher, P. (2005). Corporate governance and the role of non-executive directors in large UK companies: An empirical study. Corporate Governance, 4(2), 52-63. Conger, J., Finegold, D., & Lawler, E. (1998). Appraising boardroom performance. Harvard Business Review, 76(1), 136-148. De Andres, P., Azofra, V., & Lopez, F. (2005). Corporate boards in OECD countries: Size, composition, functioning and effectiveness. An International Review, 13(2), 197-210. Dechow, P., Sloan, R., & Sweeney, A. (1996). Causes and consequences of earnings manipulation: An analysis of firms subject to enforcement actions by the SEC. Contemporary Accounting Research, 13(1), 1–36. Donato, F., & Tiscini, R. (2009). Cross ownership and interlocking directorates between banks and listed firms: An empirical analysis of the effects on debt leverage and cost of debt in the Italian case. Corporate Ownership & Control, 6(3), 473–481. Dweikat, E. (2008). UAE tops Gulf countries in the emerging debts and Oman the last. Gulf Journal. http://www.alkhaleej.ae/portal/65540903-309f-4670-be6f-b75145631e23.aspx. Elyasiani, E., Jia, J., & Mao, C. (2010). Institutional ownership stability and the cost of debt. Journal of Financial Markets, 13(4), 475–500. Ertugrul, M., & Hegde, S. (2008). Board compensation practices and agency costs of debt. Journal of Corporate Finance, 14(5), 512-531. Fama, E. (1980). Agency problems and the theory of the firm. The Journal of Political Economy, 88(2), 288-307. Fama, E., & Jensen M. (1983). Separation of ownership and control. Journal of Law and Economics, 26(2), 301-325. Farinha, J. (2003). Corporate governance: A survey of the littérateur. SSRN working paper series no 470801. Ferris, S., Jagannathan, M., & Pritchard, A. (2003). Too busy to mind the business? Monitoring by directors with multiple board appointments. Journal of Finance, 58(3), 1087-1112. Fich, E., & Shivdasani, A. (2006). Are busy boards effective monitors? The Journal of Finance, 61(2), 689-724. Fields, P., Fraser, D., & Subrahmanyam, A (2010). Board quality and the cost of debt capital: The case of bank loans. SSRN Working Paper Series. Finkelstein, S., & Mooney, A. (2003). Not the usual suspects: How to use board process to make boards better. Academy of Management Executive. 17(2), 101-113. Forker, J. (1992). Corporate governance and disclosure quality. Accounting and Business Research, 22(86), 111-124. Francis, J., LaFond, R., Olsson, P., & Schipper, K. (2005). The market pricing o f accruals quality. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 39(3), 295-327. Friend, I., & Lang, L. (1988). An empirical test of the impact of managerial self-interest on corporate capital structure. Journal of Finance, 47(4), 271-281. García, J., García, B., & Peñalva, F. (2009). Accounting conservatism and corporate governance. Review of Accounting Studies, 14(1), 161-201. Genser, B., Cooper, P., Yazdanbakhsh, M., Barreto, M., & Rodrigues, L. (2007). A guide to modern statistical analysis of immunological data. BMC immunology, 8(1), 27. Gilson, S. (1990). Bankruptcy, boards, banks, and blockholders: Evidence on changes in corporate ownership and control when firms default. Journal of Financial Economics, 27(2), 355-388. Goyal, V., & Park, C. (2002). Board leadership structure and CEO turnover. Journal of Corporate Finance, 8(1), 49-66. Hair, J., Anderson, R., Tatham, R., & Black, W. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Prentice Hall. Haniffa, R., & Hudai, M. (2006). Corporate governance structure and performance of Malaysian listed companies. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 33(7), 1034–1062. Heinrich, R. (2002). Complementarities in corporate governance: Springer Verlag. Hermalin, B., & Weisbach, M. (2003). Boards of directors as an endogenously determined institution: A survey of the economic literature. Economic policy review, 9(1), 7-26. Hsiao, C. (2006). Panel data analysis - Advantages and challenges. IEPR working paper, SSRN. Imhoff, E. (2003). Accounting quality, auditing, and corporate governance. Accounting Horizons, 17(1), 117-128. Jauy, K. (2010). The importance of analyzing the capital structure of companies. Newspaper Emirates Today. Jensen, M. (1993). Modern industrial revolution, exit, and the failure of internal control systems. Journal of Finance, 3(4), 831-80. Jensen, M., & Meckling, W. (1976). Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(3), 305-360. Judge, W., Naoumova, I., & Koutzevol, N. (2003). Corporate governance and firm performance in Russia: An empirical study. Journal of World Business, 38(4), 385-396. Jumaa, S. (2010). The importance of corporate governance. Mansoura University Egypt. Available at: http://www.f-law.net/law/index.php. 4.4.2011. Kaplan, S., & Reishus, D. (1990). Outside directorships and corporate performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 27(2), 389-411. Keown, A., Petty, W., Scott, F., & Martin, D. (2001). Foundations of finance: The logic and practice of financial management (3rd ed.). Prentice Hall. Klapper, L., & Love, I. (2004). Corporate governance, investor protection, and performance in emerging markets. Journal of Corporate Finance, 10(5), 703-728. Klein, A. (1998). Economic determinants of audit committee composition and activity. Working Paper, New York University, Center for Law and Business. Klein, A. (2002a). Audit committee, board of director characteristics, and earnings management. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33(4), 375–400. Klein, A. (2002b). Economic determinants of audit committee independence. Accounting Review, 77(5), 435–452. Kline, R. (1998). Principles and practices of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford Press. Lefort, F., & Urzua, F. (2008). Board independence, firm performance and ownership concentration: Evidence from Chile. Journal of Business Research, 61(6), 615-622. Levin, R., & Rubin, D. (1998). Statistics for management. (7th ed.). Prentice Hall. Limpaphayom, J., & Connelly, P. (2006). Board characteristics and firm performance: Evidence from the life insurance industry in Thailand Chulalongkorn. Journal of Economics, 16(2), 101-124. Lipton, M., & Lorsch, J. (1992). Modest proposal for improved corporate governance. Business Lawyer, 12(3), 48-59. Mallette, P. (1992). Effects of board composition and stock ownership on the adoption of poison pills. Academy of Management, 35(8), 1010 –1035. Mansi, S., Maxwell, A., & Miller, D. (2004). Does auditor quality and tenure matter to investor? Evidence from the bond market. Journal of Accounting Research, 42(6), 755-793. Mazumdar, S., & Sengupta, P. (2005). Disclosure and the loan spread on private debt. Financial Analysts Journal, 61(3), 83-95. Menon, K., & Williams, J. (1994). The use of audit committees for monitoring. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 13(2), 121-139. Miller, S., & Merton H. (1977). Debt and taxes. Journal of Finance, 32(2), 261-275. Modigliani, F., Merton, H., & Miller, D (1958). The cost of capital, corporation finance, and the theory of investment. American Economic Review, 48(3), 261-297. Monks, R., & Minow, N. (1995). Corporate governance. Blackwell New York, NY. Myers, L., & Stewart C. (1977). Determinants of corporate borrowing. Journal of Financial Economics, 5(2), 147-175. Myers, S., & Majluf, N. (1984). Corporate financing and investment decisions when firms have information those investors do not have. Journal of Financial Economics, 13(2), 187-222. Naser, K., Al-Khatib, K., & Karbhari, Y. (2002). Empirical evidence on the depth of corporate information disclosure in developing countries: The case of Jordan. International journal of commerce and management, 12(3/4), 122-155. Patton, A., & Baker, J. (1987). Why won’t directors rock the boat? Harvard Business Review, 65(6), 10-15. Piot, C., Missonier, R., & Piera, F. (2007). Corporate governance, audit quality and the cost of debt financing of French listed companies. SSRN Working Paper Series. Pittman, J., & Fortin, S. (2004). Auditor choice and the cost of debt capital for newly public firms. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 37(1), 113-136. Rajans, R. (1992). Insiders and outsiders: The choice between informed and arm’s length debt. The Journal of Finance. 47(4), 1367-1400. Rechner, P., & Dalton, D (1991). CEO duality and organizational performance: Longitudinal analysis. Strategic Management Journal, 12(1), 155–160. Rehman, M., Rehman, R., & Raoof, A. (2010). Does corporate governance lead to a change in the capital structure? American Journal of Social and Management Sciences, 1(2), 191-195. Roberts, G., & Yuan, L. (2006). Does institutional ownership affect the cost of bank borrowing? SSRN working paper: http://ssrn.com/abstract=930138. 28.3.2011. Roberts, J., McNulty, T., & Stiles, P. (2005). Beyond agency conceptions of the work of the non-executive director: Creating accountability in the boardroom. Journal of Management, 16(1), 5-26. Scott, W., & James H. (1976). A theory of optimal capital structure. Bell Journal of Economics, 7(1) 33-54. Sekaran, U. (2003) Research methods for business: A skill building approach, fourth edition. Sengupta, P. (1998). Corporate disclosure quality and the cost of debt, The Accounting Review, 7(3), 459-474. Shivdasani, A. (1993). Board composition, ownership structure, and hostile takeovers. Journal of Accounting & Economics, 16(2), 167-199. Shivdasani, A., & Yermack, D. (1999). CEO involvement in the selection of new board members: An empirical analysis. The Journal of Finance, 54(5), 1829-1854. Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. (1997). Legal determinants of external finance. Journal of Finance, 52(6), 1131-1150. Silver, M. (1997). Business statistics. (2nd ed.). Published by McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. Smith, C., & Warner, J. (1979). On financial contracting: An analysis of bond covenants. Journal of Financial Economics, 7(2), 117-161. Vafeas, N. (1999). Board meeting frequency and firm performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 53(2), 113-143. Vinten, G. (1998). Corporate governance: An international state of the art. Managerial Auditing Journal, 13(7), 419-431. Warfield, T., Wild, J., & Wild, K. (1995). Managerial ownership, accounting choices, and informativeness of earnings. Journal of Accounting & Economics, 20(1), 61-92. Warga, A., & Welch, I. (1993). Bondholder losses in leveraged buyouts. Review of Financial Studies, 6(5), 959-982. Yermack, D. (1996). Higher market valuation companies with a small board of directors. Journal of Financial Economics, 40(2), 185–212. Zikmund, W. (2003). Business research methods. (7th ed.). Drden press.