Impak Peraturan Formal, Tidak Formal dan Amalan Mesra Alam Terhadap Pematuhan Industri Pembuatan di Utara Semenanjung Malaysia

Impak Peraturan Formal, Tidak Formal dan Amalan Mesra Alam Terhadap Pematuhan Industri Pembuatan di Utara Semenanjung Malaysia

Malaysia without exception confronts with the environment pollution resulting from a rapid manufacturing sector development. While manufacturing sector is the main engine of the economic growth for this country, it is the second largest contributor to river pollution. In managing pollution issues ma...

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Main Author: Mohd Nasir, Nawawi
Format: Thesis
Language:eng
eng
Published: 2012
Subjects:
HD Industries
Land use
Labor.
GE Environmental Sciences
Online Access:https://etd.uum.edu.my/3425/1/Mohd_Nasir_Nawawi.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/3425/3/Mohd_Nasir_Nawawi.pdf
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id my-uum-etd.3425
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection UUM ETD
language eng
eng
advisor Ali, Jamal
Lim, Hock Eam
topic HD Industries
Land use
Labor.
GE Environmental Sciences
spellingShingle HD Industries
Land use
Labor.
GE Environmental Sciences
Mohd Nasir, Nawawi
Impak Peraturan Formal, Tidak Formal dan Amalan Mesra Alam Terhadap Pematuhan Industri Pembuatan di Utara Semenanjung Malaysia
description Malaysia without exception confronts with the environment pollution resulting from a rapid manufacturing sector development. While manufacturing sector is the main engine of the economic growth for this country, it is the second largest contributor to river pollution. In managing pollution issues many countries adopt various protective approaches from command-and-control system to those of the market-based incentive. In Malaysia, the Environmental Quality Act 1974 has been perceived as adequate and comprehensive to control the behavior of industries. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of this regulation depends on the firm’s decision to comply with the rules subject to cost and benefit considerations. Therefore, understanding the compliance behavior of the industry would help the policy makers to design more effective regulations. The purpose of this study is to identify factors that influence the compliance of industry to the effluent regulations that comprise of formal regulations, informal regulations and environmental management system ISO 14001. A modification of criminal behavior model by Becker (1968) has been applied to estimate the dichotomous compliance decision using econometric model of logistic regression. The results of the study indicated that the firm’s compliance was influenced by the probability of fined and gains from illegal activities. Since the cost of operations of the effluent treatment system was used as the proxy for illegal gains, the firm would comply with the regulations if the cost did not exceed 6.4 percent per month. Further analysis also estimates that the firm would comply if the expected fine was less than 35 percent. From the side of non-regulation factors, it was discovered that firm complying with regulations received higher pressure from the informal regulation component. However, ISO 14001 certifications had no significant influence on the firm’s compliance. The result of the empirical analysis suggest that effluent treatment policies require efforts to reduce the cost of operations of the effluent treatment system incurred by the firm with respect to financial and technical support. The enforcement agency also requires more systematic inspection strategies and that fine mechanism should be the last resort.
format Thesis
qualification_name Ph.D.
qualification_level Doctorate
author Mohd Nasir, Nawawi
author_facet Mohd Nasir, Nawawi
author_sort Mohd Nasir, Nawawi
title Impak Peraturan Formal, Tidak Formal dan Amalan Mesra Alam Terhadap Pematuhan Industri Pembuatan di Utara Semenanjung Malaysia
title_short Impak Peraturan Formal, Tidak Formal dan Amalan Mesra Alam Terhadap Pematuhan Industri Pembuatan di Utara Semenanjung Malaysia
title_full Impak Peraturan Formal, Tidak Formal dan Amalan Mesra Alam Terhadap Pematuhan Industri Pembuatan di Utara Semenanjung Malaysia
title_fullStr Impak Peraturan Formal, Tidak Formal dan Amalan Mesra Alam Terhadap Pematuhan Industri Pembuatan di Utara Semenanjung Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Impak Peraturan Formal, Tidak Formal dan Amalan Mesra Alam Terhadap Pematuhan Industri Pembuatan di Utara Semenanjung Malaysia
title_sort impak peraturan formal, tidak formal dan amalan mesra alam terhadap pematuhan industri pembuatan di utara semenanjung malaysia
granting_institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business
publishDate 2012
url https://etd.uum.edu.my/3425/1/Mohd_Nasir_Nawawi.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/3425/3/Mohd_Nasir_Nawawi.pdf
_version_ 1747827570311692288
spelling my-uum-etd.34252022-06-28T07:32:44Z Impak Peraturan Formal, Tidak Formal dan Amalan Mesra Alam Terhadap Pematuhan Industri Pembuatan di Utara Semenanjung Malaysia 2012-08 Mohd Nasir, Nawawi Ali, Jamal Lim, Hock Eam Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business HD Industries. Land use. Labor. GE Environmental Sciences Malaysia without exception confronts with the environment pollution resulting from a rapid manufacturing sector development. While manufacturing sector is the main engine of the economic growth for this country, it is the second largest contributor to river pollution. In managing pollution issues many countries adopt various protective approaches from command-and-control system to those of the market-based incentive. In Malaysia, the Environmental Quality Act 1974 has been perceived as adequate and comprehensive to control the behavior of industries. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of this regulation depends on the firm’s decision to comply with the rules subject to cost and benefit considerations. Therefore, understanding the compliance behavior of the industry would help the policy makers to design more effective regulations. The purpose of this study is to identify factors that influence the compliance of industry to the effluent regulations that comprise of formal regulations, informal regulations and environmental management system ISO 14001. A modification of criminal behavior model by Becker (1968) has been applied to estimate the dichotomous compliance decision using econometric model of logistic regression. The results of the study indicated that the firm’s compliance was influenced by the probability of fined and gains from illegal activities. Since the cost of operations of the effluent treatment system was used as the proxy for illegal gains, the firm would comply with the regulations if the cost did not exceed 6.4 percent per month. Further analysis also estimates that the firm would comply if the expected fine was less than 35 percent. From the side of non-regulation factors, it was discovered that firm complying with regulations received higher pressure from the informal regulation component. However, ISO 14001 certifications had no significant influence on the firm’s compliance. The result of the empirical analysis suggest that effluent treatment policies require efforts to reduce the cost of operations of the effluent treatment system incurred by the firm with respect to financial and technical support. The enforcement agency also requires more systematic inspection strategies and that fine mechanism should be the last resort. 2012-08 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/3425/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/3425/1/Mohd_Nasir_Nawawi.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/3425/3/Mohd_Nasir_Nawawi.pdf text eng public Ph.D. doctoral Universiti Utara Malaysia Aiken, S.R., Leigh C.H., Leinbach T.R., & Moss, M.R. (1982). Development and environment in Peninsular Malaysia. McGraw-Hill, Singapore. Aldenderfer, M.S,, & Blashfield, R.K. (1984). Cluster analysis. Sage University paper series on quantitative applications in the social sciences, 07-044. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Alley, E.R. (2006). Water quality control handbook (2nd edition). McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing. Arora, S., & Cason, T.N. (1995). An experiment in voluntary environmental regulation: Participation in EPA’s 33/50 program. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 28(3), 271-286. Arora, S., & Cason, T.N. (1996). 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