The Roles of Non-Monetory Benefit, Pay, Nature of Work and Recognition Towards Job Satisfaction Among Employee in Manufacturing Company in Penang

The job satisfaction is necessary to promote functional employee behaviours. The job satisfaction of its workers means a work force that is motivated and committed to high quality performance for their work. Job satisfaction can be an important indicator of how employees feel about their jobs and a...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Nor Laila, Hussain
Format: Thesis
Language:eng
eng
Published: 2012
Subjects:
Online Access:https://etd.uum.edu.my/3577/1/s807321.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/3577/8/s807321.pdf
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
id my-uum-etd.3577
record_format uketd_dc
institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection UUM ETD
language eng
eng
advisor Ibrahim, Amlus
topic HD28-70 Management
Industrial Management
spellingShingle HD28-70 Management
Industrial Management
Nor Laila, Hussain
The Roles of Non-Monetory Benefit, Pay, Nature of Work and Recognition Towards Job Satisfaction Among Employee in Manufacturing Company in Penang
description The job satisfaction is necessary to promote functional employee behaviours. The job satisfaction of its workers means a work force that is motivated and committed to high quality performance for their work. Job satisfaction can be an important indicator of how employees feel about their jobs and a predictor of work behaviours. And, securing commitment and retaining good employees are very important to achieve stability and reduce costly turn over in every company. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the roles of non-monetary benefit, pay, nature of work and recognition towards job satisfaction among employees in the manufacturing company in Penang. The data were analysed using “statistical Package for Social Sciences” (SPSS version 20). Statistical techniques used were as Pearson correlation, Simple Regression and ANOVA test to determine the relationships of variables. A total of 92 of questionnaires were distributed to respondents at their places of work, then completed and returned by respondents. Using 5 likert of scale containing five choices from 1 (Strongly Agree) to 5 (Strongly Disagree) using to associate the variables of dependence and independence. The results indicate that employees at manufacturing companies in Penang expressed that the roles of nature of work emerged as major source of satisfaction, followed by pay. The non-monetary benefit and recognition are the third and fourth important factors to satisfy the employee’s in their daily work. The overall conclusion stated that there are positively relationships between the four independence variable toward dependent variable, job satisfaction among employee in manufacturing company. From this study, the finding contributes the outcome of the study as a guideline for managerial to identify and understand the employee job satisfaction after identify the main job satisfier and relate the job satisfaction variables in the company.
format Thesis
qualification_name masters
qualification_level Master's degree
author Nor Laila, Hussain
author_facet Nor Laila, Hussain
author_sort Nor Laila, Hussain
title The Roles of Non-Monetory Benefit, Pay, Nature of Work and Recognition Towards Job Satisfaction Among Employee in Manufacturing Company in Penang
title_short The Roles of Non-Monetory Benefit, Pay, Nature of Work and Recognition Towards Job Satisfaction Among Employee in Manufacturing Company in Penang
title_full The Roles of Non-Monetory Benefit, Pay, Nature of Work and Recognition Towards Job Satisfaction Among Employee in Manufacturing Company in Penang
title_fullStr The Roles of Non-Monetory Benefit, Pay, Nature of Work and Recognition Towards Job Satisfaction Among Employee in Manufacturing Company in Penang
title_full_unstemmed The Roles of Non-Monetory Benefit, Pay, Nature of Work and Recognition Towards Job Satisfaction Among Employee in Manufacturing Company in Penang
title_sort roles of non-monetory benefit, pay, nature of work and recognition towards job satisfaction among employee in manufacturing company in penang
granting_institution Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business
publishDate 2012
url https://etd.uum.edu.my/3577/1/s807321.pdf
https://etd.uum.edu.my/3577/8/s807321.pdf
_version_ 1747827605562720256
spelling my-uum-etd.35772016-04-20T04:37:31Z The Roles of Non-Monetory Benefit, Pay, Nature of Work and Recognition Towards Job Satisfaction Among Employee in Manufacturing Company in Penang 2012 Nor Laila, Hussain Ibrahim, Amlus Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business HD28-70 Management. Industrial Management The job satisfaction is necessary to promote functional employee behaviours. The job satisfaction of its workers means a work force that is motivated and committed to high quality performance for their work. Job satisfaction can be an important indicator of how employees feel about their jobs and a predictor of work behaviours. And, securing commitment and retaining good employees are very important to achieve stability and reduce costly turn over in every company. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the roles of non-monetary benefit, pay, nature of work and recognition towards job satisfaction among employees in the manufacturing company in Penang. The data were analysed using “statistical Package for Social Sciences” (SPSS version 20). Statistical techniques used were as Pearson correlation, Simple Regression and ANOVA test to determine the relationships of variables. A total of 92 of questionnaires were distributed to respondents at their places of work, then completed and returned by respondents. Using 5 likert of scale containing five choices from 1 (Strongly Agree) to 5 (Strongly Disagree) using to associate the variables of dependence and independence. The results indicate that employees at manufacturing companies in Penang expressed that the roles of nature of work emerged as major source of satisfaction, followed by pay. The non-monetary benefit and recognition are the third and fourth important factors to satisfy the employee’s in their daily work. The overall conclusion stated that there are positively relationships between the four independence variable toward dependent variable, job satisfaction among employee in manufacturing company. From this study, the finding contributes the outcome of the study as a guideline for managerial to identify and understand the employee job satisfaction after identify the main job satisfier and relate the job satisfaction variables in the company. 2012 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/3577/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/3577/1/s807321.pdf text eng validuser https://etd.uum.edu.my/3577/8/s807321.pdf text eng public masters masters Universiti Utara Malaysia Adams, J.S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.). Advances–Experimental Social Psychology, 2. New York: Academic Press. Ali, N. Factors Affecting Overall Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention. Journal of Managerial Sciences, II(2), 239-252. Allen, R., & Helms, M. (Fall 2002). Employee perceptions of relationships between strategy rewards and organizational performance. Journal of Business Strategies, 19(2), 115-139. Balasundaram, N., & Brabete, V. (2010). Job satisfaction and employees’ work performance: a case study of people’s Bank in Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka. s44-s47. Retrieved at htttp://www.mnmk.ro/documents/2010special/5srilankabrabetef ff.pdf Baron, R.A. (1983). Behaviour in organisations. New York: Allyn & Bacon, Inc Barton, G.M. (2002).Recognition at work. Scottsdale: World at Work. Bawa, M.A., and Jantan, M. (2005).Human Resources Practices As Determinants of Employee Turnover: An Empirical Investigation. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 10(2), 69-80. Bishay, A. (1996). Teacher motivation and job satisfaction: A study employing the experience sampling method. Journal Of Undergraduate Sciences, 3, 147-154. Brief, A.P. (1998). Attitudes in and around organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Motowidlo, S.J. (1996). Orientation toward the job and organization. In K.R. Murphy (Ed.), Individual differences and behavior in organizations (p.175–208.). San Francisco: Jossey–Bass. Buitendach, J.H., & De Witte, H. (2005). Job insecurity, extrinsic and intrinsic job satisfaction and affective organisational commitment of maintenance workers in a parastatal. South African Journal of Business Management, 36(2), 27-37. Cascio, W.F. (1991),“Costing Human Resources: The Financial Impact of Behaviour in Organisations”, 3rd ed., Boston, M. Callahan & Greenhaus (1999). “Career advancement among women”. Personnel Review, 39(2), 190-205. Castillo, J.X., & Cano, J. (2004). Factors explaining job satisfaction among faculty. Journal of Agricultural Education, 45(3), 65-74. Cavana et. al., (2001). Applied business research: qualitative and quantitative methods. Melbourne: John Wiley & SonsCherrington, D.J. (1994). Organizational behavior (2nd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Inc Davis, K., & Newstrom, J. (1999). Comportamiento Humano en el Trabajo: Comportamiento Organizational (10th Edn). Mexico: McGraw-Hill Deeprose, D. (1994). How to recognise and reward employees. New York: AMACOM Dipboye, R.L., Smith, C.S., & Howell, W.C. (1994). Understanding and Industrial and Integrated Organizational Approach Psychology. Harcourt Brace College Publishers, Fort Worth. Dollard, J., & Miller, N.E. (1950). Personality and psychotherapy. New York: McGraw-Hill. Dunham, K. (December 16, 2003). Career journal: companies offer spa days, gifts to reward, retain employees. Wall Street Journal, (B8). Retrieved February 4, 2004, Available from http://80-proquest.umi.com Freedman, M,S. (1978). Some Determinants of Compensation Decisions. The Academy of Management, 21, 397-409. Fishbein, M. (1980). Attitude and the Prediction of Behaviour. In F. Fishbein (Ed), Readings in Attitude Theory and Measurement. New York: Wiley, 477-492. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen R. (1975).Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behaviour: An Introduction to Theory and Research. Reading, Mass: Addison Wesley Gale, S.F. (2002). Small Rewards Can Push Productivity. Workforce. June: 81. Gerhart (Eds.) Compensation in Organizations: Current Research and Practice, 61-103. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Ghiselli R. F., Lopa, J.M.L., & Bai, B. (2001). Job Satisfcation, life satisfaction and turnover intent:Among food-service managers. Cornell Hotel Restaurant Admin. Q., 42, 28-37. Griffen, R.W., & Moorhead, G. (2009). Organizational Behaviour. (9th ed.).Boston: South-Western College. Griffeth R.W., Hom, P.W., & Gaertner, S. (2000). A Meta- Analysis of Antecedents and correlates of Employee Turnover : Update, Moderator tests, and Research implications or the next millennium'. Journal of Management, 26(3), 463-488. Hellman, C.M., 1997. Job Satisfcation and intent to leave. Journal Social Psychology, 137. Heneman, H.G.III., & Judge, T.A. (2000). Compensation attitudes. In S.L. Rynes & B. Hulin, C.L. (1968). Effects of Changes in Job Satisfaction Level on Employee Turnover. Journal of Psychology, 52, 122- 126. Idson T.L, Feaster D.J (1990). “Selectivity model of employer-size wage differentials”. Journal Labor Econ. 8, 99-122. Javed, M., Maqsood, M.R., Ahmed, M. & Khan, M. (2012). Impact of HR Practices on Employee Job Satisfaction in Public Sector Organizations of Pakistan. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 4(1), 348-363. Jimenez, R., (October 1999). Managing employee retention through recognition. T+D, 53(10), 53-55. Judge, T.A., Locke, E.A., Durham, C.C., & Kluger, A.N. (1998). Dispositional effects on job and life satisfaction: The role of core evaluations. Journal of Applied Psychology , 83, 17–34. Judge, T.A., Heller, D., & Mount, M.K. (2002). Five-factor model of personality and job satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 530–541. Judge, T.A., Locke, E.A., Durham, C.C., & Kluger, A.N. (1998). Dispositional effects on job and life satisfaction: The role of core evaluations. Journal of Applied Psychology , 83, 17–34. Kalleberg, A.L., & Loscocco, K.A.,(1983).Aging, values, and rewards: Explaining age differences in job satisfaction . American Sociological Review, 48(1), 78-90, 677-689. Keller, J. (1999). Motivational Systems. In H.D. Stolovitch & E.J. Keeps, (Eds.), Handbook of human performance technology. (pp. 373-394). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Pfeiffer. Kh Metle, M. (2003). The impact of education on attitudes of female government employees [Electronic version]. The Journal of Management Development, 22(7/8), 603-626. Khaleque, A., & Choudhury, N. (1984). Job facets and overall job satisfaction of industrial managers. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 20(1), 55-64. Knerr, M.J. An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Marital Status & Job Satisfaction. Retrieved from http://www.kon.org/urc/v4/knerr.html on 19 September 2012. Kovach, K., “Employee motivation: Addressing a crucial factor in your organization's performance”. Human Resource Development. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1999. Lacey, M.Y. (1994). Rewards can cost nothing? Yes they can…really [Electronic version]. The Journal for Quality and Participation, 17(3), 6-9. Landy, F.J. (1989). Psychology of Work Behavior (4th Ed). Belmont:Wadsworth. Larwood, L. (1984). Organisational Behavior and Management. Boston: Kent Publishing Company. Lawler, E.E.III, & Porter, L.W. (1966).Predicting managers’ pay and their satisfaction with their pay. Personnel Psychology, 19, 363-373. Locke, E.A. (1970).Job satisfaction and job performance:A theoretical analysis. Organizational Behaviour & Human Performance, 5. 484-500. Locke, E.A. (1969). What is Job Satisfaction? OB and Human Performance, Vol. 4, pp 309-336. Locke, E.A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. In M.D. Dunnette (Ed.) Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (pp 1297-1349). Chicago: Rand Mc Nally. Locke, E.A. (1995). Commentary: The micro-analysis of job satisfaction: Comments on Taber and Alliger [Electronic version]. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16(2), 123-126 Locke, E.A. (2001). Organizational behavior:affect in the workplace. Annual Review of Psychology, 53. 279-307, 282. Luthans, F. (1998). Organisational behavior.(8th ed.). India : McGraw-Hill. Luthans, F. (2001). “Job Satisfaction”, Organisational Behaviour, 9th ed., pp. 230-235. Luthans, F. (2006). Organizational Behavior. (11th Ed). Irwin: McGraw Hill. Lynch, L., (December 2003).Keeping the best: the difference between retaining and losing top staff talent is leadership . Association Management, 55(13). Retrieved at January 16, 2004 from http://nexis.com Mahdi, A.F., Mohd Zin, M.Z., Mohd Nor, M.R., Sakat, A.A. , and Abang Naim, A.S.(2012). The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention. American Journal of Applied Science, 9(9), 1518-1526 . Marjolen, D, Pham V.C., Le, V.A., & Tim, M. (2003). Identifying factors for job motivation of rural health workers in North Viet Nam. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2003, 3-8 (published 18 November 2003). Retrieved on 29th October 2012, Available at =265 http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/1/1/10. Maslow, A. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, 50, 370-396. Mobley, W., Griffeth, R, Hand, H., & Megliano, B. (1979). Review and conceptual analysis of the employee turnover process. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 493- 552. Morrison, R. (2008). ‘Negative relationships in the workplace: Associations with organisational commitment, cohesion, job satisfaction and intention turnover’, Journal of Management and Organization, 14, 330–344. Mueller, C.W. & Price, J.L. (1990).Economic psychological and sociological determinants of voluntary turnover. The Journal of Behavioral Economics, 19(3), 321-335. Mullins J., “Management and Organizational Behaviour”,7ed Mateu-Cromo, Artes Graficas, Spain. Nash, M. Managing Organizational Performance. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA, 1985. Nelson, B. (January 2004). Everything you thought you knew about recognition is wrong. Workplace Management. Retrieved at February 16, 2004 from http://www.workforce.com. Nnandi, E.E., “A Handbook on Human resources Management for Healthcare Professionals”, Howard University Press, Washington D.C, 1997. Oshagbemi, T. (2003).Personal correlates of job satisfaction : Empirical evidence from UK universities [Electronic version]. International Journal of Social Economics, 30, (11/12), 1210-1232 PFI Newsletter. (2002). A case for incentives. November. [Online]. Retrieved on 2nd October 2012. Available at: http://www.pfi-awards.com/newsletters/2002/11-2002.htm. June 01, 2003. productivity. Academy of Management Review 13(4), 639-652. Priya, C.N. Employees prefer non-monetary forms of benefits too. Retrieved on 31st October 2012. Available at http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/features/slideshows/et- slideshows-made-here/employees-prefer-nonmonetary-forms-of- benefits-too/as-the-person-moves-up-the-career-ladder-aspira tions-change/quickiearticleshow/5531876.cms Rast, S., & Tourani, A. (2012). Evaluation of Employees’ Job Satisfaction and Role of Gender Difference: An Empirical Study at Airline Industry in Iran. International Journal of Business and Social Science,. 3(7), 91-100, Graham Maslow: 1908-1970. [Online].Available at: http://www.ship.edu/~cgboree/maslow.html. February 10, 2004 Riley, S., (2005).Herzbeg’s two-factor theory of motivation applied to the motivational techniques within financial institutions, Eastern Michigan University, Michigan. Schneider, D. S., & Vaught, B. C. (1993). A comparison of job satisfaction between public and private [Electronic version]. Public Administration Quarterly, 17(1), 68-84. Robbins, S.P. (1993). Organizational behavior (6th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall International. Robbins, S.P. (1998). Organizational behavior (8th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall International. Robbins, S.P., Odendaal, A., & Roodt, G. (2003). Organisational behaviour (9thed.). Cape Town: Prentice-Hall International. Rue, L.W., & Byars, L.L. (2005). Management: Skills and Application (Eleventh Edition). New York: New York. The McGraw Hill Companies. Ruthankoon, R., & Ogunlana, S.O. (2003). Testing Herzberg’s two-factor theory in the Thai construction industry [Electronic version]. Engineering, Construction and Architectural, 10(5), 333-341. Saari, L.M., & Judge, T.A. (2004). Employee Attitudes and Job Satisfaction. Human Resource Management, Winter 2004, 43(4), 395–407. Samotyj, M.A. (2008). Job satisfaction in the federal workforce: The role of non-monetary rewards. Retrieved on 30th October 2012. Available at http://repository.library.georgetown.edu/bitstream/handle/ 10822/556033/40_etd_ ms688.pdf?sequence=3. Savery, L.K. (1989) "The Influence of Job Factors on Employee Satisfaction", Journal of Managerial Psychology, 4(1), 27–31. Sekaran, U., & Bougie R. (2010). Research methods for business: a skill building approach, p. 295–296. Sempane, M.E., Rieger, H.S., & Roodt, G. (2002). Job satisfaction in relation to Organisational Culture [Electronic version]. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 28(2), 23-30. Sharma, B.R., & Bhaskar, S. (1991). Determinants of job satisfaction among engineers in a public sector undertaking . ASCI Journal of Management, 20(4), 217-233. Shamir, B. (1991). Meaning, self and motivation in organizations. Organization Studies, 12(3), 405-424. Shih, C.M., & Chen, C.Y. (2006). The effect of organizational ethical culture on marketing managers’ role stress and ethical behavioral intentions. Journal of American Academy of Business, 8(1), 89-95. Shore, L.M. and Martin, H.J., (1989). Job Satisfaction and organizational commitment in relation to work performance and turnover intentions, Relat., 42,625-638. DOI: 10.1177/001872678904200705. Schultz, D.P., & Schultz, S.E. (1994). Psychology and Work Today: An Introduction to Industrial and Organizational Psychology (6thed). New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc. Shutan, B. (September 2003). Massaging morale. Incentive, 177(9). 96. Skinner, B.F. (1953).Science and human behavior. New York: Macmillan Spector, P.E. (1997). Job satisfaction: Application, assessment, causes and consequences, Thousand Oaks, CA,Sage Publications, Inc Spector, P.E. (2000).Industrial & organizational psychology (2nd ed) New York: John Wiley & Sons. Spitzer, D.R. (1998). Power rewards: rewards that really motivate. Performance Improvement Global Network . Chapter. [Online]. Available: http://www.pignc-ispi.com/articles/ distance/kearsley-virtual professor.htm#top. February 15, 2003. Stansfeld, S., & Candy, B. (2006). Psychosocial work environment and mental health-a meta-analytic review Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 32(6) , 443-462. Steiner, D.D., & Truxillo, D.M.(1987). Another look at the job satisfaction-life satisfaction relationship: A test of the Disaggregation Hypothesis. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 8(1), 71-77 Dore, T.L. The Relationships Between Job Characteristics, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intention Among Software Developers. Retrieved on 21st October 2012, available at http://www.bookpump.com/dps/pdf-b/1122705b.pdf Taylor, F.W. (1911). Scientific management. Proceedings of the New England Railroad Club, 135-187 Trochim, W.M.K. (2006). Descriptive statistics. Retrieved March 2012 from http://www.socialreserachmethods.net/ Ucho, A., Mkavga, T., and Onyishi, I.E. (2012). Job Satisfaction, Gender, Tenure and Turnover Intentions among Civil Servants in Benue State, Interdisciplinary Journal Of Contemporary Research in Business. 3(11), 378-387. Vanderberg, R.J., and Lance, C.E. (1992). Examining the Causal Order of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment. Journal of Management, 8(1), 153-167. Vitell, S.J., & Davis, D.L. (1990). The relationship between ethics and job satisfaction. Journal of Business Ethics, 9(6), 489-495. Waskiewicz, S. P.(1999), “Variables that Contribute to Job Satisfaction of Secondary School Assistant Principals”, Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA. Weaver, C.N. (1978). Sex differences in the determinants of job satisfaction. Academy of Management Journal, 21(2), 265- 274. Weiss, H.M., & Cropanzano, R. (1996). Affective events theory: A theoretical discussion of the structure, causes, and consequences of affective experiences at work. Research in Organizational Behavior, 18, 1–74 Wilson, T.B. (1994). Innovative rewards systems for the changing workplace United States of America: R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company. Wren, D.A. (1994). The evolution of management thought. (4th ed.) New York: Wiley. Zainudin, R. and Mat Din, S.Z.(2009). A Study About Gender, Education Level, Salary and Job Satisfaction. Conference on Scientific & Social Research. Zhao, W., & Zhou, X. (2008). Intraorganisational career advancement and voluntary in a multinational bank in Taiwan. Career Development International, 13, 402-424. Zigon, J. (1998). Rewards and performance incentives. Available AT http://zigonperf.com. Zikmund, W. (2000). Business Research Methods, 6th ed. The Dryden Press, Harcourt College Publisher. Retrieved at: https://www.welcoa.org/freeresources/pdf/job_satisfaction_ survey.pdf