Financial performance of the commercial bank in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An empirical insight

The purpose of this study is to investigate the financial performances of Saudi commercial banks during the period 2000-2013. A sample of 21 commercial banks comprising of 10 foreign owned banks operating in the country and 11 Saudi domestic banks for the captioned 14 years period have been used in...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Saif, Abdulazeez Yousef Hazzaa
Format:	Thesis
Language:	eng eng
Published:	2014
Subjects:	HG Finance
Online Access:	https://etd.uum.edu.my/4587/1/s813769.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/4587/7/s813769_abstract.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-uum-etd.4587
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection	UUM ETD
language	eng eng
advisor	Saha, Asish
topic	HG Finance
spellingShingle	HG Finance Saif, Abdulazeez Yousef Hazzaa Financial performance of the commercial bank in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An empirical insight
description	The purpose of this study is to investigate the financial performances of Saudi commercial banks during the period 2000-2013. A sample of 21 commercial banks comprising of 10 foreign owned banks operating in the country and 11 Saudi domestic banks for the captioned 14 years period have been used in the study. Though there are studies on Saudi domestic commercial banks, no comprehensive evaluation have so far been made by including foreign banks in their sample. The researcher has aimed to fill-in this gap in the literature. Using panel data Linear Multiple Regression model and Ordinary Least Squares have been used in the present study to estimate the impact of the driver ratios like capital adequacy (CAR), asset quality (AQ), operational efficiency (OE), bank size (SIZE), net loan to total deposits (LIQR-1), liquid assets to total assets (LIQR-2). on the financial parameters like Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Asset (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM) and Tobin’s Q. The study found that at the pool level, that CAR, OE, SIZE, LIQR-1 LIQR-2 have positive and significant relationship with ROA but AQ has negative and significant relationship with ROA. Similarly, CAR, SIZE and LIQR-2 have positive significant relationship with ROE, whereas LIQR-1 has positive but insignificant relationship with ROE. AQ has negative and significant relationship and OE has negative but insignificant relationship with ROE. All the determinant variables excepting CAR and OE of banks have positive significant relationship with NIM. CAR has positive but insignificant relationship with NIM and OE has negative but significant relationship with NIM. Tobin’s Q has positive significant relationship with LIQR-2. CAR, OE and LIQR-1 have negative insignificant relationship with Tobin’s Q. It's also found that AQ and SIZE have negative but significant relationship with Tobin’s Q. In the case of domestic banks, all independent variables have insignificant impact on all dependent variables, except CAR which has positive and significant relationship with ROA. AQ has negative but significant relationship with ROA, ROE and Tobin’s Q. SIZE has negative significant relationship with Tobin’s Q and LIQR-1 has positive significant relationship with NIM; and LIQR-2 has positive and significant relationship with ROE, and Tobin’s Q. Finally, in the case of foreign banks, all deriver variables have insignificant effect on ROA, ROE, NIM and Tobin’s Q, except CAR, OE and LIQR-1 which have positive and significant relationship with ROA. AQ and LIQR-1 have positive significant relationship with NIM. CAR, AQ and SIZE have negative relationship with Tobin’s Q. LIQR-2 have positive and significant relationship with ROE, NIM and Tobin’s Q.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	masters
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Saif, Abdulazeez Yousef Hazzaa
author_facet	Saif, Abdulazeez Yousef Hazzaa
author_sort	Saif, Abdulazeez Yousef Hazzaa
title	Financial performance of the commercial bank in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An empirical insight
title_short	Financial performance of the commercial bank in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An empirical insight
title_full	Financial performance of the commercial bank in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An empirical insight
title_fullStr	Financial performance of the commercial bank in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An empirical insight
title_full_unstemmed	Financial performance of the commercial bank in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An empirical insight
title_sort	financial performance of the commercial bank in the kingdom of saudi arabia: an empirical insight
granting_institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department	Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business
publishDate	2014
url	https://etd.uum.edu.my/4587/1/s813769.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/4587/7/s813769_abstract.pdf
_version_	1776103651267313664
spelling	my-uum-etd.45872023-01-12T01:24:02Z Financial performance of the commercial bank in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An empirical insight 2014 Saif, Abdulazeez Yousef Hazzaa Saha, Asish Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business HG Finance The purpose of this study is to investigate the financial performances of Saudi commercial banks during the period 2000-2013. A sample of 21 commercial banks comprising of 10 foreign owned banks operating in the country and 11 Saudi domestic banks for the captioned 14 years period have been used in the study. Though there are studies on Saudi domestic commercial banks, no comprehensive evaluation have so far been made by including foreign banks in their sample. The researcher has aimed to fill-in this gap in the literature. Using panel data Linear Multiple Regression model and Ordinary Least Squares have been used in the present study to estimate the impact of the driver ratios like capital adequacy (CAR), asset quality (AQ), operational efficiency (OE), bank size (SIZE), net loan to total deposits (LIQR-1), liquid assets to total assets (LIQR-2). on the financial parameters like Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Asset (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM) and Tobin’s Q. The study found that at the pool level, that CAR, OE, SIZE, LIQR-1 LIQR-2 have positive and significant relationship with ROA but AQ has negative and significant relationship with ROA. Similarly, CAR, SIZE and LIQR-2 have positive significant relationship with ROE, whereas LIQR-1 has positive but insignificant relationship with ROE. AQ has negative and significant relationship and OE has negative but insignificant relationship with ROE. All the determinant variables excepting CAR and OE of banks have positive significant relationship with NIM. CAR has positive but insignificant relationship with NIM and OE has negative but significant relationship with NIM. Tobin’s Q has positive significant relationship with LIQR-2. CAR, OE and LIQR-1 have negative insignificant relationship with Tobin’s Q. It's also found that AQ and SIZE have negative but significant relationship with Tobin’s Q. In the case of domestic banks, all independent variables have insignificant impact on all dependent variables, except CAR which has positive and significant relationship with ROA. AQ has negative but significant relationship with ROA, ROE and Tobin’s Q. SIZE has negative significant relationship with Tobin’s Q and LIQR-1 has positive significant relationship with NIM; and LIQR-2 has positive and significant relationship with ROE, and Tobin’s Q. Finally, in the case of foreign banks, all deriver variables have insignificant effect on ROA, ROE, NIM and Tobin’s Q, except CAR, OE and LIQR-1 which have positive and significant relationship with ROA. AQ and LIQR-1 have positive significant relationship with NIM. CAR, AQ and SIZE have negative relationship with Tobin’s Q. LIQR-2 have positive and significant relationship with ROE, NIM and Tobin’s Q. 2014 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/4587/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/4587/1/s813769.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/4587/7/s813769_abstract.pdf text eng public masters masters Universiti Utara Malaysia Abraham (2013). Foreign ownership and bank performance metrics in Saudi Arabia International. Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 6(1), 43-50. Adam (2014). Evaluating the Financial Performance of Banks using Financial Ratios- A Case Study of Erbil Bank for Investment and Finance. European Journal of Accounting Auditing and Finance Research 2(2), 156-170. Akhtar, M. F., Ali, K., & Sadaqat, S. (2011). Liquidity risk management: a comparative study between conventional and Islamic banks of Pakistan.Interdisciplinary. Journal of Research in Business, 1(1), 35-44. Akhtar, S. (2007), “Pakistan: changing risk management paradigm – perspective of the regulator”, ACCA Conference– CFOs: The Opportunities and Challenges Ahead, Karachi, p. 8. Alam, H. M., Raza, A., & Akram, M. (2011). A financial performance comparison of public vs private banks: The case of commercial banking sector of Pakistan. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(11), 56-64. Alam, T. An Evaluation of Financial Performance of Private Commercial Banks in Bangladesh: Ratio Analysis. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly 013, Volume 5, Number 2 ISSN 2152-1034. Alexandru, C. G., & Romanescu, M. L. (2008). The Assessment of Banking Performances-Indicators of Performance in Bank Area. University Library of Munich, Germany. Alkhatib, A., & Harasheh, M. (2012). Financial performance of Palestinian commercial banks. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(3). Allen, F., & Santomero, A. M. (1999). The theory of financial intermediation. Journal of Banking & Finance, 21(11),1461-1485. Ally, Z. (2013). Comparative Analysis of Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Tanzania. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 4(19), 133-143. Almazari, A. A. (2011). Financial performance evaluation of some selected Jordanian commercial banks. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 68(8), 50-63. Almazari, A. A. (2013). Capital Adequacy, Cost Income Ratio and the Performance of Saudi Banks (2007-2011). International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 3(4), 284-293. Almumani, M. A. (2013). Liquidity Risk Management: A Comparative Study between Saudi and Jordanian Banks. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business, 3(02), 01-10. Almumani, M. A. (2013). The Relative Efficiency of Saudi Banks: Data Envelopment Analysis Models. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 3(3), 152-161. Almumani, M. A. (2014). A Comparison of Financial Performance of Saudi Banks (2007-2011). Asian Journal of Research in Banking & Finance, 4(2). Alrabei, A. M. (2013). Evaluate the Profitability in Commercial Bank-Comparative Study of Indian and Jordanian Banks. Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting, 5(1), 259-273. Alrafadi, K. M., & Md-Yusuf, M. (2014). Evaluating The Performance Of Libyan Banks Using Return On Investment. American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 5(2), 84. Ang, J.S. and Beck, K.L. (2000), “A comparison of marginal and average Tobin’s Q ratios”, International Journal of Business, Vol. 5, pp. 27-54. Annual Financial Statements of the Saudi domestic Banks. (2000-2013). Annual Financial Statements of the Saudi foreign Banks. (2000-2013). Anojan,V & Nimalathasan,B. (2014). A Comparative Study of Financial Performance of State and Private Sector Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka: An Application of CAMEL Rating System. ICCM, Faculty of Management Studies and Commerce, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. Arias, J., Jara-Bertin, M., & Rodriguez, A. (2013). Determinants of Bank Performance: Evidence for Latin America. Available at SSRN, Academia Revista Latino Americana. Arif, A., & Anees, A. N. (2012). Liquidity risk and performance of banking system. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 20(2), 182-195. Athanasoglou, P. P., Brissimis, S. N., & Delis, M. D. (2008). Bank-specific, industryspecific and macroeconomic determinants of bank profitability. Journal of international financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 18(2), 121-136. Bank Audi (2014). Saudi Arabia economic report. Fundamental, strengths outpacing, key and challenges for the kingdom's economy. Barker, David, and Holdsworth, David (1993). “The Causes of Bank Failures in the 1980s”. Research Paper No. 9325, Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Barr, R. S., Killgo, K. A., Siems, T. F., & Zimmel, S. (2002). Evaluating the productive efficiency and performance of US commercial banks. Managerial Finance, 28(8), 3-25. Beck, T. and Demirguc-Kunt, A. (2009), “Financial Institutions and markets across countries andover time: data and analysis”, Working Paper No. 4943, World Bank Policy Research,The World Bank, Washington, DC, May. Benston G.W., C.W. SMITH (1976) "A transaction cost approach to the theory of financial intermediation" The Journal of Finance, Vol. XXXI (1), pp. 215-231. Bhattacharya, S. and A. V. Thakor, 1993, Contemporary banking theory, Journal of Financial Intermediation 3, 2-50. Brigham, E. F., & Houston, J. F. (2011). Fundamentals of Financial Management. (10th Ed.). Ohio, USA: Thomson South Western. Brunnermeier, M., Dong, G. and Palia, D. (2012), Banks’ Non-Interest Income and Systemic Risk (AFA 2012), Chicago Meetings, Chicago, IL. Brunnermeier, M.K. and Yogo, M. (2009), “A note on liquidity risk management”, AEA Session on Liquidity, Macroeconomics, and Asset Prices, p. 12. Choong, Thim and Kyzy (2012). Performance of Islamic Commercial Banks in Malaysia: An Empirical Study. Journal of Islamic Economics, Banking and Finance, 8(2) 68-80. Crowe, K. (2009), “Liquidity risk management–more important than ever”, Harland Financial Solutions, p. 3. Curry, Timothy J., Elmer, Peter J., and Fissel, Gary S. (2009, September 11). “Using Market Information to Help Identify Distressed Institutions: A Regulatory Perspective”. Retrieved October 10, 2011]. Available at: http://www.fdic.gov/bank/analyti cal/banking/2003sep/1_15n3.pdf. Dang, U. (2011). The Rating System in Banking Supervision: a Case Study of Arcada University of Applied Sciences. International Business. Darškuvienė, V. (2010). Įmonių finansinė analizė. Rodiklių skaičiavimo metodika [Financial analysis for companies. Methodology of ratios]. NASDAQ OMX. Vilnius. ISBN 978-609-95195-0-0. de Administration 27(2), 164-182. Demirgüç-Kunt, A., Detragiache, E. 1999. Monitoring banking sector fragility: a multivariate logit approach. IMF Working Paper, No. 106. Demsetz, H., & Lehn, K. (1985). The structure of corporate ownership: Causes and consequences. Journal of Political Economy, 93(6), 1155-1177. Retrieved November 30, 2006, from the Business Source Complete database. DeYoung, R., & Rice, T. (2004). Noninterest income and financial performance at US commercial banks. Financial Review, 39(1), 101-127. Dhanabhakyam M. & Kavitha, M. (2012). Financial Performance of selected Public sector banks in India. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(1), pp 255-269. Diamond D., P. Dybvig (1983) "Bank runs, deposit insurance and liquidity", Journal of Political Economy 91, pp. 401-419. Diamond, D. W., & Rajan, R. G. (2000). A theory of bank capital. The Journal of Finance, 55(6), 2431- 2465. Diamond, D., 1984, Financial intermediation and delegated monitoring, Review of EconomicStudies 51, 393-414. Dionne, G., 1991, Contributions to Insurance Economics (Kluwer Academic Publishers). Doğan, M (2013). Comparison of Financial Performances of Domestic and Foreign Banks: The Case of Turkey. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 4(1), 233-240. Doyran, M. A. (2013). Net interest margins and firm performance in developing countries: Evidence from Argentine commercial banks. Management Research Review, 36(7), 720-742. Eisenhardt, K. (1989). Agency theory: An assessment and review. Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 57-74. Retrieved November 10, 2006, from the Business Source Complete database. Elizabeth, D., & Elliot, G. (2004). Efficiency customer service and financial performance among australian financial institutions. International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol.22, No. 5, 319-342. Fama, E. F. (1978). The effects of a firm’s investment and financing on the welfare of its security holders. American Economic Review, 68(3), 272-284. Retrieved November 23, 2006, from the EBSCOhost database. Fama, E. F. (1980). Agency problems and the theory of the firm. Journal of Political Economy, 88(2), 288-307. Retrieved November 10, 2006, from the Business Source Complete database. Fama, E. F. (1995). Random walks in stock market prices. Financial Analysts Journal, 51(1), 75-80. Retrieved June 7, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. Fama, E.F., 1980, Banking in the theory of finance, Journal of Monetary Economics 6, 39-58. Faruk, M. O., & Alam, R. (2014). A Comparative Financial Performance Analysis of Bangladeshi Private Commercial Banks. Business and Management, 6(1). 129-147. Flamini, C., Valentina C., McDonald, G., Liliana, S. (2010) The Determinants of Commercial Bank Profitability in Arab countries. IMF Working Paper. Flamini, V.C., McDonald & Schumacher, L. (2009). The determinants of commercial bank profitability in sub-saharan Africa. IMF Working Paper, (International Monetary Fund, African Department, WP/09/15). Gaytán, A., and Johnson, C.A. (2002). “A Review of the Literature on Early Warning Systems for Banking Crises”. Central Bank of Chile Working Papers, No. 183. Santiago, Chile. Ghoch, A. 2012. Managing Risks in Commercial and Retail Banking. John Wiley & Sons, 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA. Guisse, M. L. (2012). Financial Performance of the Malaysian Banking Industry: Domestic vs Foreign Banks (Doctoral dissertation, Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU). Gujarati, D.N. (2003) Basic Econometrics. United States Military Academy, West Point. Published by McGraw-Hill/lrwin, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill. Companies, Inc. 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY, 10020. Gul, S., Faiza, I., Khalid, Z. (2011) Factors Affecting Bank Profitability in Pakistan. The Romanian Economic Journal, 2(3), 6-9. Gurley, J.G. and E.S. Shaw, 1960, Money in a theory of finance, Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution. Guttentag, J. M., Lindsay, R. (1968). “The uniqueness of commercial banks”, Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 71, 991-1014. Haque, A. (2014). Comparison of Financial Performance of Commercial Banks: A Case Study in the Context of India (2009-2013). Journal of Finance, 2(2), 01-14. Haque, S. (2013). The Performance Analysis of Private Conventional Banks: A Case Study of Bangladesh. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) e-ISSN: 2278-487X, p-ISSN: 2319-7668. Volume 12, Issue 1 PP 19-25. Hazzi, O. A., & Kilani, M. I. A. (2013). The Financial Performance Analysis of Islamic and Traditional Banks: Evidence from Malaysia. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, (57). Ilhomovich, S. E. (2009). Factors affecting the performance of foreign banks in Malaysia: A thesis submitted to the fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science (Banking) College of Business (Finance and Banking.). IMF Staff. (2012). Saudi Arabia on economic developments and policies. Report for the Article IV consultation, prepared by a staff team of the IMF. June 13, 2012. IMF Staff. (2013). Saudi Arabia on economic developments and policies. Report for the Article IV consultation, prepared by a staff team of the IMF. June 24, 2013. Iqbal, M.J. (2012). Banking sector's performance in Bangladesh- An application of selected CAMELS ratio. A project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Professional Master in Banking and Finance, Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand. Javaid, S., Anwar, J., Zaman, K., & Gaffor, A. (2011), “Determinants of Bank Profitability in Pakistan: Internal Factor Analysis”. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,2(1): 59-78. Jha, S., & Hui, X. (2012). A comparison of financial performance of commercial banks: A case study of Nepal. African Journal of Business Management, 6(25), 7601-7611. Kapunda, S. M., & Molosiwa, T. K. (2012). Economic Performance Of Commercial Banks In Botswana: A Structure-Conduct-Performance Approach. International Journal of Economics & Business Studies, 2(1). Khaddaj, W.W. (2010). Evaluating Banks Efficiency in Syria: An Empirical Study Using Data Envelopment Analysis. Social Science Research Network, 1-23. Khizer Ali, Muhammad Akhtar and Hafiz Ahmed, (2011) Bank-Specific and Macroeconomic Indicators of Profitability - Empirical Evidence from the Commercial Banks of Pakistan. International Journal of Business and Social Science. Koch, T., & MacDonald, S. (2009). Bank management. Cengage Learning. Kolapo, T. F., Ayeni, R. K., & Oke, M. O. (2012). Credit risk and commercial banks’ performance in Nigeria: A panel model approach. Australian Journal of Business and Management Research, 2(2), 31-38. Kole, S. R., & Lehn, K. M. (1999). Deregulation and the adaptation of governance structure: The case of the U.S. airline industry. Journal of Financial Economics, 52(1), 79-117. Kumbirai, M. & Webb, R. (2010). A financial ratio analysis of commercial performance in South Africa. African Review of Economics and Finance, 2(1), 30-53. Kumi, P. K., Amoamah, M. O., & Winful, E. (2013). Evaluation of the Performance of Banks in Ghana Using Financial Ratios: A Case Study of Barclays Bank Ghana Limited (BBGL), Ghana Commercial Bank (GCB) and Agricultural Development Bank (ADB). European Journal of Business and Management, 5(28), 126-138. Kyereboah-Coleman, A., Adjasi, C., & Abor, J. (2006). Corporate governance and performance: Evidence from Ghanaian listed companies. Corporate Ownership & Control, 4(2), 123-132. Retrieved May 10, 2008, from Business Source Complete database. Leland, H.E. and D.H. Pyle, 1977, Informational asymmetries, financial structure, and financial intermediation, Journal of Finance 32, 371-387. Lin, W. C., Liu, C. F., & Chu, C. W. (2005). Performance efficiency evaluation of the Taiwan’s shipping industry: an application of data envelopment analysis. In Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies (Vol. 5, pp. 467-476). The Poznan University of Economics. Malhotra, D. K., Poteau, R., & Singh, R. (2011). Evaluating the Performance of Commercial Banks in India. Asia Pacific Journal of Finance and Banking Research Vol, 5(5). Maudos, J. and Solı´s, L. (2009), “The determinants of net interest income in the Mexican bankingsystem: an integrated model”, Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol. 33 No. 10, pp. 1920-1931. Medhat Tarawaneh, (2006), a comparison of financial performance in the banking sector, evidence from Omani commercial banks, international research journal of finance and banking, Issue 3. Merton, R. (1995). Influence of mathematical models in finance on practice: Past, present, and future. Financial Practice & Education, 5(1), 7-15. Retrieved November 11, 2006, from the MasterFILE Premier database. Merton, R. C., 1987, Presidential Address: A simple model of capital market equilibrium within complete information, Journal of Finance 42, 483-510. Merton, R. C., 1989, On the application of the continuous-time theory of finance to financial intermediation and insurance, Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance Theory 14, 225-261. Merton, R. C., 1993, Operation and regulation in financial intermediation: a functional perspective, in: P. England, ed., Operation and Regulation of Financial Markets (The Economic Council, Stockholm). Merton, R.C. (1995), "Financial Innovation and the Management and Regulation of Financial Institutions," Journal of Banking and Finance (July), 461-482. Miller, M. (1977). Debt and taxes. Journal of Finance, 32(2), 261-275. Retrieved November 23, 2006, from the EBSCOhost database. Modigliani, F. (1982). Debt, dividends policy, taxes, inflation, and market valuation. Journal of Finance, 37(2), 255-273. Retrieved November 23, 2006, from the EBSCOhost database. Modigliani, F., &. Miller, M. (1958). The cost of capital, corporation finance and the theory of investment. American Economic Review, 48(3), 261-297. Retrieved November 23, 2006, from the EBSCOhost database. Mohammad Hanif Akhtar, 2014. Are Saudi banks productive and efficient? International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 3 (2), 95-112. Muhammad, Haidar (2009). “Banks and Camels”. [Retrieved October 15, 2011]. Available at: http://ezinearticles.Com/?Banks-And-CamelsandId =2565867. Murthy, Y., & Sree, R. (2003). A Study on Financial Ratios of major Commercial Banks. Research Studies, College of Banking & Financial Studies, Sultanate of Oman. Navapan, K. & Tripe, D. (2003). An exploration of the relationship between bank capital levels and return on equity. Proceeding of the 16th Australasian Finance and Banking Conference, December 2003, Palmerston North, pp: 1-15. Direct Link. Nazir, T. (2010). Analyzing Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in India: Application of CAMEL Model. Pakistan Journal of Commerce & Social Sciences, 4(1). Nedunchezhian, D., & Premalatha, K. (2013). Analysis and Impact of Financial Performance of Commercial Banks after Mergers in India. International Journal Of Marketing, Financial Services & Management Research, 2(3), 150-162. Oldfield, G. and A. Santomero, 1995, The place of risk management in financial institutions, Working Paper, 95-05 Wharton Financial Institutions Center. Onaolapo, A.A. & Olufemi, A.E. (2012). Effect of Capital Adequacy on the Profitability of the Nigerian Banking Sector; Journal of Money, Investment and Banking. ISSN 1450-288X Issue 24 © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2012. Ongore, V. O., & Kusa, G. B. (2013). Determinants of Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 3(1), 237-252. Oral, M. and Yolalan, R. (1990), “An empirical study on measuring operating efficiency and profitability of bank branches”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 46 No. 3, pp. 282-94. Part of BMIs Industry Report & Forecasts Series (2013). Saudi Arabia Autos Report Q1 2014 Includes 5-Year Forecasts TO 2017 . Business Monitor International. Peter. S. Rose, Commercial bank management, fifth edition. Chapter five “measuring and evaluating bank performance. Plochan, P. (2007), “Risk management in banking”, Master thesis, University of Economics, Bratislava. Raza, A., Farhan, M., & Akram, M. (2011). A comparison of financial performance in investment banking sector in Pakistan. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(9), 72-81. Rose, P., & Hudgins, S. (2006). Bank management and financial services. The McGraw−Hill. Said, R. M., & Tumin, M. H. (2011). Performance and financial ratios of commercial banks in Malaysia and China. International Review of Business Research Papers, 7(2), 157-169. SAMA. (2000- 2013) Central Bank of Saudi Arabi Bank Supervision Annual Report, Saudi Arabi. Samad, A. (2004). Bahrain Commercial Bank’s Performance during 1994-2001. Credit and Financial Management Review Vol. 10 No.(1), 33-40. Sangmi, M., Tabassum, N. (2010). Analyzing Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in India: Application of CAMEL Model. Pakistan Journal Commercial Social Sciences. Santomero, A., 1984, Modeling the banking firm, Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 16, Part 2, 576-602. Saunders, A. and Schumacher, L. (2000), “The determinants of bank interest rate margins: an international study”, Journal of International Money and Finance, Vol. 19 No. 6, pp. 813-832. Searle, P. (2008). What is the role of finance? And what exactly is decision support? Finance director Europe, Cornhill Publication Limited. Shah, S. Q., & Jan, R. (2014). Analysis of Financial Performance of Private Banks in Pakistan. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 109, 1021-1025. Siems, T. F., & Barr, R. S. (1998). Benchmarking the productive efficiency of US banks. Financial Industry Studies, 11-24. Sinha, R. P. (2008). Performance Evaluation of Indian Commercial Banks in the Prompt Corrective Action Framework: An Assurance Region Approach.ICFAI. Journal of Financial Risk Management, 5(1), 29-40. Sinkey Jr, Joseph F (1992). Commercial bank financial management.In: Financial- Service Industry, 4th Ed, Macmillan Publishing Company, Ontario. Stankevičienė, J., & Mencaitė, E. (2012). The evaluation of bank performance using a multicriteria decision making model: a case study on Lithuanian commercial banks. Technological and Economic Development of Economy,18(1), 189-205. Sturm, J.E. and Williams, B. (2004), “Foreign bank entry, deregulation and bank efficiency: lesson from the Australian experience”, Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol. 8, pp. 1775-99. Sufian, F. & Chong, R.R. (2008). Determinants of Bank Profitability in a Developing Economy: Empirical Evidence from Philippines. Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance. [Online] 4(2) pp.91-112. Sun, C. C. (2011). Assessing Taiwan financial holding companies performance using window analysis and Malmquist productivity index. African Journal of Business Management, 5(26), 10508-10523. Sundas Ayub, N. S., & Mumtaz, R. (2012). Performance Evaluation of Islamic and Conventional Banks in Pakistan. World Applied Sciences Journal, 20(2), 213-220. Tarawneh, M. (2006). A comparison of financial performance in the banking sector: Some evidence from Omani commercial banks. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 3, 101-112. Trade Policy Review-Report by the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, WT/TPR/G/256-14 December 2011). Treynor, J. (1981). What does it take to win the trading game? Financial Analysts Journal, 37(1), 55. Retrieved June 7, 2008, from Business Source Complete database. Tufan, E., Bahattin H., Mirela C., Laura, G.V. (2008) Multi-criteria evaluation of domestic and foreign banks in Turkey by using financial ratios, Banks and Bank Systems Journal, 3(2), 20-28. Usman, A., & Khan, M. K. (2012). Evaluating the financial performance of Islamic and conventional banks of Pakistan: A comparative analysis. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(7), 253-257. Vidzbelytė, S., Jasevičienė, F., & Povilaitis, B. (2013). Commercial Banks Performance 2008–2012. Business, Management and Education, (2), 189-208. Vong, A, Hoi, S. (2009) Determinants of Bank Profitability in Macao. Faculty of Business Administration, University of Macau. Wen, W. (2010). Ownership Structure and Banking Performance: New Evidence in China. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Departament D’economia de L’empresa. Yildirim, H.S. and Philippatos, G.C. (2007), “Efficiency of banks: recent evidence from the transition economies of Europe: 1993-2000”, European Journal of Finance, Vol. 13, pp. 123-43. Further Reading. Abdulrahman, Qader and Al-Sabaawee (2011) Evaluating the Performance of Islamic Banks By Using Financial Analysis Composite: A Comparative Study of the Iraqi Islamic Bank Performance with the Jordan Islamic Bank for the Period (2000-2008). Journal of Kerkuk University for Administrative and Economic Sciences, Vol. 2 No 1, pp: 152-171. Allen, L. (1988), “The determinants of bank interest margins: a note”, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Vol. 23 No. 2, pp. 231-235. Berger, A.N. (1995b), “The relationship between capital and earnings in banking”, Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, Vol. 27 No. 2, pp. 432-456. Claudiu CICEA, 2009 Performance evaluation methods in commercial banks and associated risks for managing assets and liabilities. Academy of Economic Studies Bucharest, Romania. Elyasiani, E. and Meinster, D.R. (1988), “The performance of foreign owned, minority owned, and holding company owned banks in the US”, Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol. 12, pp. 293-313. Molyneux, P. and Thornton, J. (1992), “Determinants of European bank profitability: a note”,Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol. 16 No. 6, pp. 1173-1178. Yap B. C. F., Munuswamy S. & Mohamed Z. B. (2012). Evaluating Company Failure in Malaysia Using Financial Ratios and Logistic Regression. Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting, 4(1), 330-334.

Financial performance of the commercial bank in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An empirical insight

Similar Items