Kemiskinan dan agihan pendapatan di kawasan transmigrasi dan bukan transmigrasi: Kajian kes di Kampar, Riau

Indonesia is one of the developing and middle income countries with a GDP growth rate of 6.2 percent in 2012. However, Indonesia faced a significant poverty problem especially in the rural areas and poverty is highly associated with rural sector. Therefore, the government had emphasized on the rural...

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Main Author:	Zargustin, Dedi
Format:	Thesis
Language:	eng eng
Published:	2015
Subjects:	HC Economic History and Conditions
Online Access:	https://etd.uum.edu.my/5305/1/s90707.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/5305/2/s90707_abstract.pdf
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id	my-uum-etd.5305
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
collection	UUM ETD
language	eng eng
advisor	Golam Hassan, Asan Ali
topic	HC Economic History and Conditions
spellingShingle	HC Economic History and Conditions Zargustin, Dedi Kemiskinan dan agihan pendapatan di kawasan transmigrasi dan bukan transmigrasi: Kajian kes di Kampar, Riau
description	Indonesia is one of the developing and middle income countries with a GDP growth rate of 6.2 percent in 2012. However, Indonesia faced a significant poverty problem especially in the rural areas and poverty is highly associated with rural sector. Therefore, the government had emphasized on the rural sector development through population resettlement policies under the transmigration program since the Second Five Year Development Plan (REPELITA: 1974-1979). This is the largest resettlement program in the world. Unfortunately, in implementing the poverty eradication policy, the government presumed that the problem and characteristics of the rural society are relatively similar. Indeed, most previous researches revealed that they are different. Poverty and income distribution are influenced by several factors such as the socioeconomic, culture and social institution backgrounds of the population. Thus, this study intends to analyse factors affecting the poverty and income distribution inequality within transmigration and non-transmigration areas located in Kabupaten Kampar. This study used a descriptive and quantitative analysis based on a stratified random sampling, involving face to face interviews with 752 respondents. The Multiple Linear Regression model were applied to analyze the factors affecting distribution of income, the Logistic Regressions model with maximum likelihood approach were used to analyze the factors affecting poverty, while the Chi Square test used to analyse the determinants of poverty. The determining factors tested for poverty and income distribution were the size of land, the use of technology, level of education, status of health, accessibility to institutions and off-farm income. Overall, the inequality of income distribution is much greater in a non-transmigration area compared to transmigration areas. However, the gap is significantly reduced when an off-farm income were added to the main employment (farm produce) of the head of households’ income. Almost all variables tested had significantly negative relation with distribution of income, while different income determinant contributed differently toward total yield per hectare in both areas. Overall, the revenue per hectare was higher in the transmigration area, leading towards higher average income levels and lower poverty rate for the transmigration as compared to non-transmigration areas. In conclusion, the development policy for poverty eradication and income distribution should be focused on increasing the capacity of human resources, increasing business opportunities, improving physical property ownership, enabling access to institutions and increasing the use of technology, especially within specified location
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Ph.D.
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Zargustin, Dedi
author_facet	Zargustin, Dedi
author_sort	Zargustin, Dedi
title	Kemiskinan dan agihan pendapatan di kawasan transmigrasi dan bukan transmigrasi: Kajian kes di Kampar, Riau
title_short	Kemiskinan dan agihan pendapatan di kawasan transmigrasi dan bukan transmigrasi: Kajian kes di Kampar, Riau
title_full	Kemiskinan dan agihan pendapatan di kawasan transmigrasi dan bukan transmigrasi: Kajian kes di Kampar, Riau
title_fullStr	Kemiskinan dan agihan pendapatan di kawasan transmigrasi dan bukan transmigrasi: Kajian kes di Kampar, Riau
title_full_unstemmed	Kemiskinan dan agihan pendapatan di kawasan transmigrasi dan bukan transmigrasi: Kajian kes di Kampar, Riau
title_sort	kemiskinan dan agihan pendapatan di kawasan transmigrasi dan bukan transmigrasi: kajian kes di kampar, riau
granting_institution	Universiti Utara Malaysia
granting_department	Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business
publishDate	2015
url	https://etd.uum.edu.my/5305/1/s90707.pdf https://etd.uum.edu.my/5305/2/s90707_abstract.pdf
_version_	1747827904454066176
spelling	my-uum-etd.53052021-03-29T09:17:06Z Kemiskinan dan agihan pendapatan di kawasan transmigrasi dan bukan transmigrasi: Kajian kes di Kampar, Riau 2015 Zargustin, Dedi Golam Hassan, Asan Ali Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business HC Economic History and Conditions Indonesia is one of the developing and middle income countries with a GDP growth rate of 6.2 percent in 2012. However, Indonesia faced a significant poverty problem especially in the rural areas and poverty is highly associated with rural sector. Therefore, the government had emphasized on the rural sector development through population resettlement policies under the transmigration program since the Second Five Year Development Plan (REPELITA: 1974-1979). This is the largest resettlement program in the world. Unfortunately, in implementing the poverty eradication policy, the government presumed that the problem and characteristics of the rural society are relatively similar. Indeed, most previous researches revealed that they are different. Poverty and income distribution are influenced by several factors such as the socioeconomic, culture and social institution backgrounds of the population. Thus, this study intends to analyse factors affecting the poverty and income distribution inequality within transmigration and non-transmigration areas located in Kabupaten Kampar. This study used a descriptive and quantitative analysis based on a stratified random sampling, involving face to face interviews with 752 respondents. The Multiple Linear Regression model were applied to analyze the factors affecting distribution of income, the Logistic Regressions model with maximum likelihood approach were used to analyze the factors affecting poverty, while the Chi Square test used to analyse the determinants of poverty. The determining factors tested for poverty and income distribution were the size of land, the use of technology, level of education, status of health, accessibility to institutions and off-farm income. Overall, the inequality of income distribution is much greater in a non-transmigration area compared to transmigration areas. However, the gap is significantly reduced when an off-farm income were added to the main employment (farm produce) of the head of households’ income. Almost all variables tested had significantly negative relation with distribution of income, while different income determinant contributed differently toward total yield per hectare in both areas. Overall, the revenue per hectare was higher in the transmigration area, leading towards higher average income levels and lower poverty rate for the transmigration as compared to non-transmigration areas. In conclusion, the development policy for poverty eradication and income distribution should be focused on increasing the capacity of human resources, increasing business opportunities, improving physical property ownership, enabling access to institutions and increasing the use of technology, especially within specified location 2015 Thesis https://etd.uum.edu.my/5305/ https://etd.uum.edu.my/5305/1/s90707.pdf text eng public https://etd.uum.edu.my/5305/2/s90707_abstract.pdf text eng public Ph.D. doctoral Universiti Utara Malaysia Abbas, Sabaruddin. 1994. ‘Peranan Kesehatan Dalam Pengentasan Kemiskinan’. Pidato Pengukuhan Guru Besar Dalam Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kedokteran, UNAND, Padang. Alberts, T. 1983. Agrarian Reform and Rural Poverty, A Case Study of Peru. 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